U.S. Improvements in

EPR after Fukushima

Daiichi Accident JILL ZUBAREV

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY / NATIONAL NUCLEAR SECURITY ADMINISTRATION

8TH COMPETENT AUTHORITIES MEETING

JUNE 2016

1

DOE/NNSA Deployment to

Japan

March 14 – DOE/NNSA departs with 33 experts and

17,000 pounds of equipment

March 16 – DOE/NNSA arrives at Yokota Air Base

March 17 – First aerial surveys and field monitoring

March 22 – First aerial data published on DOE website

2

DOE/NNSA Assets Involved

Nuclear Incident Team (NIT) in Washington, DC

DOE/NNSA Consequence Management expertise on the US Agency for International Development Disaster Assistance Response Team (DART) in Tokyo

National Atmospheric Release Advisory Center (NARAC) at Lawrence Livermore National

Laboratory (LLNL)

Consequence Management Home Team (CMHT) at Remote Sensing Laboratory (RSL), Sandia National Laboratory (SNL), LLNL, and Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL)

Radiation Emergency Assistance Center/Training Site (REAC/TS) in Oak Ridge, TN

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What We Accomplished

Deployed for 2.5 months

Conducted 100 flights for a total of 525 flight hours

Collected 620 air samples, 250 in-situ spectra, and

141 soil samples

Logged 314,000 joint data points

4

DOE/NNSA Aerial Monitoring

What was done:

• Fixed wing and helicopter

• Up to 3 aircraft per day

• DOE & Japan joint survey

Why was it done:

• Map ground deposition out

to 80 km from FDNPP

• Support Humanitarian and

Disaster Relief Operations,

evacuation, relocation,

agricultural decisions

5

DOE/NNSA Ground Monitoring

What was done:

• Mobile mapping

• In-situ & exposure rate

• Air & soil sampling

• Contamination swipes

• DoD & Japan data aggregation

• Fixed sensor real-time network

Why was it done:

• Calibrate aerial measurements

• Define isotopic mix

• Characterize the inhalation component of integrated dose

• Assess vertical and horizontal

migration of deposited material

6

Customers/Partners

United States • Department of State

– American Embassy

• Department of Defense

– U.S. Forces Japan

• White House

• Nuclear Regulatory

Commission

• Advisory Team for

Environment, Food and

Health (EPA, CDC/HHS,

USDA)

Japan • Ministry of Foreign Affairs • Japan Atomic Energy Agency

Ministry of Defense • Ministry of Economy, Trade and

Industry • Nuclear and Industrial Safety

Agency

• Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science & Technology

• Nuclear Safety Technology Center

• Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries

• Ministry of Health, Labor &

Welfare

7

Five Areas for Improvements

Instrumentation

Analysis Methods

Data Presentation

Training

Procedures

8

Instrumentation

Real-time monitoring

Mobile detection for Consequence Management

9

Infield Monitoring

System (IMS)

•An array of Sodium

Iodide radiation

detectors placed

at key location, as

identified by the

green dots, around

Fukushima Dai-ichi

•The IMS detects

changes in

radiation levels

•IMS continuously

monitored in real

time

Real-time Monitoring

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Monitoring Results: Sendai to Tokyo 11

Analysis Methods

Evaluation of field measurement results

(aerial and ground)

Initial screening/reality check in the field

Further analysis by Home Team

Caution: You match models to measurements, not the other way around!

Trend analysis and quality control

12

Analysis Methods (continued)

Interpretation of real-world challenges posed by

multiple data sources

DOE, DoD, Japan

Lots of “What if?”

13

Data Presentation

“Its all about the data.”

But, you have to be able to explain it.

Templates

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Quick Guide

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Training

2011:

•All personnel in a team received same training

•Need for some personnel with more problem-solving skills

2016:

•Tiered training

•(Type 1, 2, 3)

•(Incident Command System)

•More personnel available

•Less time burden for many

•Core group of higher level problem solvers

•More sustainable

16

Training for Position Type

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Procedures

Know your mission!

“It’s all about the planning, not the plan.”

Be able to cope with challenges.

Be prepared for anything but be flexible.

Unified team.

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Conclusion

Robust international cooperation and

collaborative efforts are key to

improving regional and global

emergency response capabilities.

THANK YOU!

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