US History Ch. 2 Section 2 Notes
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Chapter 25 Section 1 The Cold War Begins Chapter 13 Section 1 Technology and Industrial Growth Chapter 25 Section 1 The Cold War Begins Section 2 Religion and Reform • Explain the impact of the Second Great Awakening. • Describe the forms of discrimination that some religious groups faced. • Analyze the various social reform movements that arose in the mid-1800s. Objectives
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US History Ch. 2 Section 2 Notes
Transcript of US History Ch. 2 Section 2 Notes
Chapter 25 Section 1
The Cold War Begins
Chapter 13 Section 1
Technology and Industrial Growth
Chapter 25 Section 1
The Cold War Begins
Section 2
Religion and Reform
• Explain the impact of the Second Great Awakening.
• Describe the forms of discrimination that some religious groups faced.
• Analyze the various social reform movements that arose in the mid-1800s.
Objectives
Chapter 25 Section 1
The Cold War Begins
Chapter 13 Section 1
Technology and Industrial Growth
Chapter 25 Section 1
The Cold War Begins
Section 2
Religion and Reform
Terms and People
• Second Great Awakening – a powerful religious movement led by Protestant preachers that spread through America in the early 1800s
• Charles Grandison Finney – a religious revivalist who gave passionate sermons urging people to reform their lives
• Joseph Smith – organizer of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints in 1830
Chapter 25 Section 1
The Cold War Begins
Chapter 13 Section 1
Technology and Industrial Growth
Chapter 25 Section 1
The Cold War Begins
Section 2
Religion and Reform
Terms and People (continued)
• Dorothea Dix – a reformer who turned her religious ideals into actions by campaigning to build humane hospitals for the mentally ill
• temperance movement – the campaign to curb alcohol use
• public schools – free, tax-supported schools for all American children
• Horace Mann – the most influential leader of the public school movement
Chapter 25 Section 1
The Cold War Begins
Chapter 13 Section 1
Technology and Industrial Growth
Chapter 25 Section 1
The Cold War Begins
Section 2
Religion and Reform
1. A religious revival known as the Great Awakening spread across America during the colonial era. In the early 1800s, it happened again.
This Second Great Awakening led people to work to put their religious ideals into reforming parts of American life.
How did the Second Great Awakening affect life in the United States?
Chapter 25 Section 1
The Cold War Begins
Chapter 13 Section 1
Technology and Industrial Growth
Chapter 25 Section 1
The Cold War Begins
Section 2
Religion and Reform
The Second Great Awakening began on the Kentucky frontier in the early 1800s and spread.
• 2. One of the most influential preachers was Charles Grandison Finney, who gave passionate sermons urging people to reform their lives.
• Outdoor services lasted as long as a week and included good food and lively music.
Chapter 25 Section 1
The Cold War Begins
Chapter 13 Section 1
Technology and Industrial Growth
Chapter 25 Section 1
The Cold War Begins
Section 2
Religion and Reform
Finney believed that this would lead to a better society.
Church membership increased.
This fervor led to a wide variety of social reforms.
Chapter 25 Section 1
The Cold War Begins
Chapter 13 Section 1
Technology and Industrial Growth
Chapter 25 Section 1
The Cold War Begins
Section 2
Religion and Reform
• The Unitarian Church
• African American churches, such as the African Methodist Episcopal Church
• The Church of Jesus Christ of the Latter-day Saints, organized by Joseph Smith in 1830.
This new religious awareness led to the formation of new religious groups.
Chapter 25 Section 1
The Cold War Begins
Chapter 13 Section 1
Technology and Industrial Growth
Chapter 25 Section 1
The Cold War Begins
Section 2
Religion and Reform
• They isolated themselves, allowed men to have more than one wife, and voted as a group.
• As a result, Mormon communities were chased out of Ohio and Missouri.
• Mormons went west to Utah and thrived.
Some Americans became suspicious of the rapid growth of the Mormon Church.
Chapter 25 Section 1
The Cold War Begins
Chapter 13 Section 1
Technology and Industrial Growth
Chapter 25 Section 1
The Cold War Begins
Section 2
Religion and Reform
Members of other minority religious groups faced discrimination as well.
Roman Catholics were resented because they were poor and would work for low wages.
Chapter 25 Section 1
The Cold War Begins
Chapter 13 Section 1
Technology and Industrial Growth
Chapter 25 Section 1
The Cold War Begins
Section 2
Religion and Reform
3. Americans began to debate the role of government in religion.
Some felt that
government should support religion.
Others thought there
should be separation of church and state.
Chapter 25 Section 1
The Cold War Begins
Chapter 13 Section 1
Technology and Industrial Growth
Chapter 25 Section 1
The Cold War Begins
Section 2
Religion and Reform
4. The Second Great Awakening led many, such as Dorothea Dix, to work for reforms.
• Dix taught Sunday school in a prison and learned the mentally ill were housed with criminals.
• She campaigned across the nation to change this.
• Her efforts led to the creation of the first modern mental hospitals.
Chapter 25 Section 1
The Cold War Begins
Chapter 13 Section 1
Technology and Industrial Growth
Chapter 25 Section 1
The Cold War Begins
Section 2
Religion and Reform
Groups distributed pamphlets and held meetings urging people to refrain from drinking alcohol.
The movement won some changes in the law.
5. The temperance movement campaigned to curb the use of alcohol.
Chapter 25 Section 1
The Cold War Begins
Chapter 13 Section 1
Technology and Industrial Growth
Chapter 25 Section 1
The Cold War Begins
Section 2
Religion and Reform
Some reformers worked to improve education and wanted to establish public schools.
A leader of the public school movement, Horace Mann, worked to establish:
• state oversight of local schools
• standardized school calendars
• teacher training
Chapter 25 Section 1
The Cold War Begins
Chapter 13 Section 1
Technology and Industrial Growth
Chapter 25 Section 1
The Cold War Begins
Section 2
Religion and Reform
The percentage of children attending school doubled due to the efforts of Mann and other school reformers.
Women played important roles in the school reform.
A school room in the early 1800s.
Chapter 25 Section 1
The Cold War Begins
Chapter 13 Section 1
Technology and Industrial Growth
Chapter 25 Section 1
The Cold War Begins
Section 2
Religion and Reform
Section Review
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