UROP Poster

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Methods Results Conclusion Hip replacement surgery consists of implanting an artificial ball and socket joint, with the ball portion being inserted into the sawed neck of the femur and the socket being placed in the acetabulum. With the constant advancement of medical technology, we considered the possibility of automating the process of placing the artificial ball into the neck of the femur with more precision and efficiency. Using image processing techniques, we focused on calculating the center and diameter of the femoral head in order to establish accurate parameters of the femoral neck. We created templates of various pelvic injury CT scans in order to compare them to arbitrary scans of hip replacement surgery patients. The template comparison method is designed to exploit the symmetrical nature of the pelvis towards estimating the center of the femoral neck. This two-dimensional approach can provide the foundation for the development of a three-dimensional model, which will enhance the quality of the algorithm in its surgical application. Abstract 1) Binary Convesion: CT images of varying degrees of pelvic injuries were located and functions in MATLAB software were applied to convert the default grayscale images into binary images. Binary processing was chosen because of the clear visualization and isolation of bone that it provides. 2) Template Creation: Examples of different pelvis styles were randomly chosen from group of images to establish diversity in pelvic comparisons. Chosen images were annotated and converted into a binary form. 3) Geometric Measurement: Centers and radii of femoral heads in binary template were calculated. 4) Comparison: Binary template and arbitrary binary pelvic image were compared using shape analysis. Quality of fit was illustrated through a scalar score. The two-dimensional approach of this model is a significant limitation to its application in the medical field. Body planes, angles, and depth of ball placement are all factors that must be considered in the hip replacement procedure. Our hope is that this model will provide the foundation for the creation of a three-dimensional model that will account for the complexity of the surgery. Additional improvements can also be made to the current model, such as the precise measurement of the centers of the femoral heads in the input image. The current method relies on an estimation of these geometric measurements based on the comparison score, which increases the likelihood of error. The overall goal of this project still remains consistent, in that our hope is for the hip replacement surgical process to be automated through the initiation of an algorithm. Ultimately, this surgical method could significantly decrease surgical time, allowing for surgeons to dedicate more time towards treating more severe injuries or establishing a comfortable relationship with their patients. The diagram above illustrates the process of transforming an arbitrary grayscale input image into a binary image. This conversion was done in order to prepare the image for comparison to pelvic injury templates. 3 Geometric Analysis of Bone Using Image Processing for Hip Replacement Surgery Student Researcher: Ahad Bootwala Research Mentors: Kayvan Najarian, PhD, Reza Soroushmehr, PhD, & Joseph Maratt, MD 2 1 The diagram on the left illustrates the annotation of an arbitrarily chosen pelvis CT image as a template and its conversion to a binary image. By translating both the template sand input image onto the same platform, we were able to compare the shape of the input image to the shapes of all the binary templates created and determine the best match. Analyzing the shape of the input image introduces a contextual parameter that will further aid in the measurement of the specific centers and radii of the femoral heads.

Transcript of UROP Poster

Page 1: UROP Poster

Methods

Results Conclusion

Hip replacement surgery consists of implanting an arti�cial ball and socket joint, with the ball portion being inserted into the sawed neck of the femur and the socket being placed in the acetabulum. With the constant advancement of medical technology, we considered the possibility of automating the process of placing the arti�cial ball into the neck of the femur with more precision and e�ciency. Using image processing techniques, we focused on calculating the center and diameter of the femoral head in order to establish accurate parameters of the femoral neck. We created templates of various pelvic injury CT scans in order to compare them to arbitrary scans of hip replacement surgery patients. The template comparison method is designed to exploit the symmetrical nature of the pelvis towards estimating the center of the femoral neck. This two-dimensional approach can provide the foundation for the development of a three-dimensional model, which will enhance the quality of the algorithm in its surgical application.

Abstract

1) Binary Convesion: CT images of varying degrees of pelvic injuries were located and functions in MATLAB software were applied to convert the default grayscale images into binary images. Binary processing was chosen because of the clear visualization and isolation of bone that it provides.

2) Template Creation: Examples of di�erent pelvis styles were randomly chosen from group of images to establish diversity in pelvic comparisons. Chosen images were annotated and converted into a binary form.

3) Geometric Measurement: Centers and radii of femoral heads in binary template were calculated.

4) Comparison: Binary template and arbitrary binary pelvic image were compared using shape analysis. Quality of �t was illustrated through a scalar score.

The two-dimensional approach of this model is a signi�cant limitation to its application in the medical �eld. Body planes, angles, and depth of ball placement are all factors that must be considered in the hip replacement procedure. Our hope is that this model will provide the foundation for the creation of a three-dimensional model that will account for the complexity of the surgery.

Additional improvements can also be made to the current model, such as the precise measurement of the centers of the femoral heads in the input image. The current method relies on an estimation of these geometric measurements based on the comparison score, which increases the likelihood of error.

The overall goal of this project still remains consistent, in that our hope is for the hip replacement surgical process to be automated through the initiation of an algorithm. Ultimately, this surgical method could signi�cantly decrease surgical time, allowing for surgeons to dedicate more time towards treating more severe injuries or establishing a comfortable relationship with their patients.

The diagram above illustrates the process of transforming an arbitrary grayscale input image into a binary image. This conversion was done in order to prepare the image for comparison to pelvic injury templates.

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Geometric Analysis of Bone Using ImageProcessing for Hip Replacement Surgery

Student Researcher: Ahad BootwalaResearch Mentors: Kayvan Najarian, PhD, Reza Soroushmehr, PhD, & Joseph Maratt, MD

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The diagram on the left illustrates the annotation of an arbitrarily chosen pelvis CT image as a template and its conversion to a binary image. By translating both the template sand input image onto the same platform, we were able to compare the shape of the input image to the shapes of all the binary templates created and determine the best match. Analyzing the shape of the input image introduces a contextual parameter that will further aid in the measurement of the speci�c centers and radii of the femoral heads.