URBANIZED AREA NETWORKS STUDY

Task A

Standard Highway Network Procedure

Final Report

Prepared by

impeler-Corradino A SS ociates

FLORIDA DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION URBANIZED AREA NETWORKS STUDY

Task A Standard Highway Network Procedure

Final Report

Prepared for

Florida Department of Transportation

Prepared by

Schimpeler-Corradino Associates

May, 1981 1981

TABLE TABLE OF OF CONTENTS CONTENTS

LIST LIST OF OF FIGURES FIGURES

LIST LIST OF OF TABLES TABLES

1. 1. OVERVIEW OVERVIEW .

2. 2. FORMULATION FORMULATION OF OF HIGHWAY HIGHWAY NETWORKS NETWORKS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 6

1.1 1.1 PURPOSE PURPOSE 1.2 1.2 TYPES TYPES OF OF

1.3 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.5 1.5

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...* . .

. ...* . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. l . . . . . . . . . . . ...* . . . . . . . .

NETWORKS NETWORKS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.2.1 1.2.1 Existil Existil ng ng System System Network Network 1.2.2 1.2.2 Adopted Adopted Plan Plan . . . . .

ds ds Plan Plan . . . . . . erim erim Year Year System System .

1.2.3 1.2.3 Nee Nee 1.2.4 1.2.4 Int Int BASE BASE MAPS. MAPS. . . . . . . . . . . MYLAR MYLAR HIGHWAY-NETWORK HIGHWAY-NETWORK MAPS MAPS DATA DATA PROCESSING PROCESSING . . . . . . :

..............

..............

..............

..............

..............

..............

..............

2.1 2.1 2.2 2.2 2.3 2.3 2.4 2.4

::: ::: 2.7 2.7 2.8 2.8

221; 221; 2.11 2.11 2.13 2.13 2.14 2.14

2.15 2.15 2.16 2.16 2.17 2.17 2.18 2.18 2.19 2.19 2.20 2.20 2.21 2.21 2.22 2.22

IDENTIFY IDENTIFY THE THE STUDY STUDY AREA AREA AND AND DIVIDE DIVIDE THE THE AREA AREA INTO INTO PLATES. PLATES. . DETERMINE DETERMINE TYPES TYPES OF OF FACILITIES FACILITIES ESTABLISH ESTABLISH THE THE TRAFFIC TRAFFIC ANALYSIS ANALYSIS iONE; iONE; : : : : : : : : : : : LOCATE LOCATE THE THE CENTROIDS CENTROIDS ................... CONNECT CONNECT CENTROIDS CENTROIDS TO TO THE THE HIGHWAY HIGHWAY NETWORK NETWORK ......... ......... LOCATE LOCATE AND AND DEFINE DEFINE NODES. NODES. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . DRAW DRAW MYLAR MYLAR HIGHWAY HIGHWAY NETWORK NETWORK MAPS MAPS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . DRAW DRAW MYLAR MYLAR TAZ TAZ MAPS MAPS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . - - . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . NUMBER NUMBER THE THE NODES NODES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . , , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . BEGIN BEGIN NETWORK NETWORK CODING CODING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . INSERT INSERT TOLL TOLL LINKS LINKS AND AND EXTERNAL EXTERNAL STATION STATION CONNECTORS CONNECTORS . . . . . . . . PLOT PLOT THE THE NETWORK NETWORK . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . DRAFT DRAFT THE THE NUMBER NUMBER OF OF LANES LANES AND AND TYPE TYPE OF OF FACILITY FACILITY ON ON THE THE MYLAR MYLAR HIGHWAY HIGHWAY NETWORK NETWORK MAP MAP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ESTABLISH ESTABLISH AREA AREA TYPES TYPES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ESTABLISH ESTABLISH SCREENLINE SCREENLINE AND AND CUTLINE CUTLINE LOCATIONS LOCATIONS . . . . , , . . . . . . . . . . ESTABLISH ESTABLISH DISTRICTS DISTRICTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . POST POST TRAFFIC TRAFFIC COUNTS COUNTS ESTABLISH ESTABLISH CONSTRUCTION CONSTRUCTION CODE; CODE; : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : CODE CODE NETWORK NETWORK DATA DATA . . . . . . . . . . CODE CODE TURN TURN PROHIBITOiS- PROHIBITOiS- : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : . . . . . . . . . . PLOT PLOT THE THE NETWORK NETWORK DATA DATA . . . . _ _ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3. 3. COMPATIBILITY COMPATIBILITY OF OF ZONES ZONES AND AND NETWORKS NETWORKS . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3.1 3.1 GENERAL GENERAL DISCUSSION DISCUSSION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.2 3.2 TRIP TRIP GENERATION GENERATION AND AND DISTRIBUTION DISTRIBUTION CONSIDERATIONS CONSIDERATIONS . . . . . 3.3 3.3 SCREENLINE SCREENLINE AND AND CUTLINE CUTLINE CHECKS CHECKS . . . . _ _ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

ii ii

Page Page

iv iv

V

1 1

6 6 12 12 14 14 19 19 20 20 21 21 24 24 27 27 28 28 33 33 34 34 39 39

41 41 42 42 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 52 52 55 55

60 60

60 60 61 61 62 62

TABLE TABLE OF OF CONTENTS CONTENTS (CONTINUED) (CONTINUED)

Page Page

4. 4. NETWORK NETWORK UPDATING UPDATING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . _ _ 63

4.1 4.1 OBTAIN OBTAIN HIGHWAY HIGHWAY NETWORK NETWORK MAPS MAPS 63 63 4.2 4.2 OBTAIN OBTAIN A A LIST LIST OF OF THE THE HIGHWAY HIGHWAY N;ThOkK_L;NK N;ThOkK_L;NK iIiE- iIiE- : : : : : : 64 64 4.3 4.3 DRAW DRAW THE THE NETWORK NETWORK CHANGES CHANGES ON ON THE THE BLUE-LINE BLUE-LINE WORK WORK MAP MAP _ _ _ _ 64 64 4.4 4.4 PREPARE PREPARE THE THE MYLAR MYLAR NETWORK NETWORK MAPS MAPS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64 64 4.5 4.5 CODE CODE THE THE NETWORK NETWORK CHANGES CHANGES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64 64 4.6 4.6 PLOT PLOT THE THE NETWORK NETWORK . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65 65

5. 5. STANDARD STANDARD DATA DATA SET SET NAMES NAMES .................... .................... 66 66

5.1 5.1 COMPONENTS COMPONENTS OF OF DATA DATA SET SET NAMES NAMES ............... ............... 66 66 5.2 5.2 ON-LINE ON-LINE DISK DISK DATA DATA SET SET NAMES NAMES ............... ............... 70 70 5.3 5.3 OFF-LINE OFF-LINE DISK DISK DATA DATA SET SET NAMES NAMES ............... ............... 73 73

iii iii

LIST LIST OF OF FIGURES FIGURES

Figure Figure

2-l 2-l 2-2 2-2 2-3 2-3 2-4 2-4 2-5 2-5

22:; 22:;

2-8 2-8

;:;0 ;:;0

Page Page

Network Network Development Development Flow Flow Chart Chart ............ 7 7 Network Network Plate Plate Coverage Coverage ................ Links Links per per Zone Zone Relationships Relationships ............. ii

Dummy Dummy Nodes Nodes and and Links Links ................ Network Network Map Map Legend Legend .................. ii

Node Node Numbering Numbering .................... 31 31 Node Node Number Number Placement Placement and and Lettering Lettering ......... 32 32 Insertion Insertion of of a a Toll Toll Link Link ............... 36 36 Area Area Type Type Example Example .................. 45 45 Turn Turn Prohibitors Prohibitors ................... 53 53

iv iv

LIST LIST OF OF TABLES TABLES

Page Page

Table Table

2-l 2-l Definitions Definitions of of Facility Facility Type Type .............. 13 13 2-2 2-2 Definitions Definitions of of Area Area Type Type ................ 44 44 2-3 2-3 Network Network Coding Coding Summary Summary ................. 54 54

5-l 5-l 5-2 5-2 5-3 5-3

5:; 5:;

5-6 5-6 5-7 5-7 5-8 5-8

Standard Standard Two-Character Two-Character Study Study Area Area Identification Identification .... 67 67 Standard Standard Network-Related Network-Related Data Data Descriptions Descriptions ....... 68 68 Standard Standard Network-Related Network-Related Optional Optional Words. Words. ........ ........ 69 69 Category Category Field Field Definitions Definitions ............... 71 71 Data Data Type Type Words Words .................... 71 71 Year/Alternative/Version Year/Alternative/Version Words Words ............. 71 71 On-Line On-Line Disk Disk Data Data Set Set Names Names .............. 72 72 Off-Line Off-Line Disk Disk Data Data Set Set Names Names ............. 74 74

1.1 1.1 PURPOSE PURPOSE

1. 1. OVERVIEW OVERVIEW

The The purpose purpose of of this this report report is is to to define define a a standard standard network network procedure. procedure.

A A standard standard procedure procedure allows allows an an analyst analyst to to move move from from one one study study to to another another

with with little little adjustment, adjustment, promotes promotes good good practice practice consistent consistent with with the the state state

of of the the art, art, identifies identifies options options that that work work best best for for Florida's Florida's urban urban areas areas

and and the the Florida Florida Department Department of of Transportation's Transportation's data data processing processing facili- facili-

ties, ties, and and ensures ensures compatibility compatibility with with the the "standard "standard model" model" effort. effort.

Although Although the the subject subject of of this this report report is is the the coding coding

work, work, it it also also serves serves as as a a guideline guideline for for reviewing reviewing

of of a a new new highway highway

highway highway networks networks

net- net-

now now

in in use. use. If a a network network does does not not conform conform with with the the specifications specifications described described

herein, herein, it it is is not not standard. standard. Non-standard Non-standard networks networks should should be be corrected corrected

unless unless the the non-standard non-standard feature feature is is needed needed to to support support a a non-standard non-standard

mode mode ing ing procedure. procedure.

TYPES TYPES OF OF NETWORKS NETWORKS

Existing Existing System System Network Network

All All of of the the urban urban areas areas have have developed developed or or are are now now developing developing a a 1980 1980 high- high-

way way network network for for the the purpose purpose of of updating updating and and validating validating the the models models with with

the the data data gathered gathered in in the the 1980 1980 Census. Census. It It is is very very likely likely that that all all new new

models models and and networks networks developed developed during during the the 1980's 1980's will will evolve evolve from from this this

existing existing system system network. network. It It i i s s also also anticipated anticipated that that the the existing existing net- net-

work work will will be be updated updated annually annually as as a a surveillance surveillance tool. tool. Thus, Thus, the the first

priority priority should should be be to to bring bring the the 1980 1980 networks networks in in line line with with the the standard standard

procedures. procedures.

1 1

1.2.2 1.2.2 Adopted Adopted Plan Plan

The The adopted adopted plan plan network network represents represents the the long-range long-range highway highway plan. plan. The The

plan plan must must be be economically economically feasible feasible and and responsive responsive to to anticipated anticipated changes changes

in in funding funding levels. levels. This This plan plan has has an an official official status, status, as as it it must must be be

adopted adopted by by the the Metropolitan Metropolitan Planning Planning Organization Organization (MPO) (MPO) and and Florida Florida De- De-

partment partment of of Transportation Transportation (FDOT). (FDOT). Furthermore, Furthermore, all all highway highway design design and and

construction construction must must conform conform with with this this plan plan to to receive receive federal federal and and state state

funds. funds. On On the the other other hand, hand, the the MPO MPO can can change change the the plan. plan. The The plan plan is is exa- exa-

mined mined and and re-adopted re-adopted on on an an annual annual basis. basis. This This means means that that even even after after a a

transportation transportation plan plan has has been been developed developed and and adopted, adopted, it it can can be be changed changed

(continuing (continuing planning) planning) and and the the travel travel demand demand models models will will be be applied applied to to

evaluate evaluate the the changes. changes. For For the the travel travel forecasts forecasts to to be be accurate, accurate, the the high- high-

way way network network in in the the adopted adopted plan plan should should conform conform with with the the best best network network

coding coding practices, practices, as as defined defined in in the the standard standard highway highway network network procedures. procedures.

receive receive the the second second priority. priority. Thus, Thus, the the adopted adopted plan plan should should

1.2.3 1.2.3 Needs Needs Plan Plan

The The needs needs plan plan represents represents the the

needs needs at at a a specified specified level level of of

without without regard regard to to implementat implementat

a a needs needs plan. plan. In the the usual usual s s

highway highway system system that that will will satisfy satisfy all all travel travel

service service in in the the target target year year of of the the study, study,

ion ion cost. cost. Not Not all all study study areas areas have have developed developed

cenario cenario for for developing developing a a transportation transportation plan, plan,

a a needs needs plan plan is is developed developed first first and and is is then then cut cut back, back, reducing reducing the the capital capital

cost cost to to arrive arrive at at an an economically economically feasible feasible adopted adopted plan. plan. The The needs needs plan plan

is is used used after after a a plan plan has has been been reappraised reappraised as as a a tool tool to to evaluate evaluate a a con- con-

templated templated change change in in the the adopted adopted plan. plan. The The needs needs plan plan should should receive receive third third

priority. priority.

2 2

1.2.4 1.2.4 Interim Interim Year Year System System

Interim Interim year year plans plans are are developed developed during during a a

tion tion plan plan to to formulate formulate a a staged staged construct construct

reappra reappra

ion ion plan plan

interim interim year year plans plans should should be be coordinated coordinated with with the the

Office. Office. The The interim interim year year networks networks should should also also be be

determination determination of of design design traffic. traffic.

isal isal of of a a transporta- transporta-

. The The development development of of

Project Project Priorities Priorities

used used as as an an aid aid in in the the

1.3 1.3 BASE BASE MAPS MAPS

The The FDOT FDOT urban urban area area maps maps (at (at a a scale scale of of 1 1 inch inch to to 2,000 feet) feet) should should

serve serve as as the the source source for for developing developing networks networks whenever whenever possible. possible. In large large

study study areas areas with with much much sparsely sparsely developed developed land, land, networks networks developed developed for for the the

rural rural area area may may be be done done on on maps maps with with a a scale scale of of one one inch inch to to one one mile. mile.

These These maps maps will will have have to to be be supplemented supplemented by by maps maps photographically photographically enlarged enlarged

to to a a scale scale of of one one inch inch to to 400 400 feet feet if if densely densely developed developed urban urban areas areas are are

to to be be accurately accurately assessed. assessed. The The FDOT FDOT county county maps maps (scale (scale of of 1 1 inch inch to to 1 1

mile) mile) will will have have to to be be used used i i f f the the urban urban area area maps maps do do not not cover cover the the en- en-

tire tire study study area. area. The The urban urban area area and and county county maps maps are are recommended recommended because because

they they were were drawn drawn and and are are peri peri odically odically updated updated from from aerial aerial photographs. photographs.

To To support support this this procedure, procedure, FDOT FDOT will will have have to to modify modify its its urban urban area area mapping mapping

effort. effort. FDOT FDOT urban urban area area maps maps (at (at a a scale scale of of 1 1 inch inch to to 2,000 2,000 feet) feet) will will

have have to to be be expanded expanded to to cover cover the the entire entire transportation transportation study study area. area. This This

can can be be done done by by enlarging enlarging the the county county maps. maps. Furthermore, Furthermore, a a new new set set of of maps maps

at at a a scale scale of of 1 1 inch inch to to 400 400 feet feet will will have have to to be be made made for for all all densely densely

developed developed areas. areas.

3 3

1.5 1.5 DATA DATA PROCESSING PROCESSING

The The procedures procedures have have been been written written for for use use on on FDOT's FDOT's IBM IBM 370 370 computer. computer. All All

current current highway highway networks networks will will be be stored stored on on disk; disk; computer computer cards cards will will not not

be be used. used. All All computer computer job job submissions submissions will will be be done done through through time time sharing sharing

All All link link data data should should

be be stored stored on- on- lan, lan,

adopted adopted plan, plan, stored stored

on-line. on-line. Files Files that that are are current current but but infrequently infrequently used used should should be be stored stored

off-line off-line (3330 (3330 disk). disk).

files files that that are are being being developed developed or or are are frequently frequently used used

line line (3350 (3350 disk). disk). The The link link data data files files for for the the needs needs p p

existing existing plan, plan, and and interim interim year year plan plan should should always always be be

operations operations (TSO). (TSO).

5 5

2. 2. FORMULATION FORMULATION OF OF HIGHWAY HIGHWAY NETWORKS NETWORKS

This This chapter chapter deals deals with with the the basic basic definition definition of of a a highway highway network network and and

a a system system of of traffic traffic analysis analysis zones zones (TAZ). (TAZ). It It will will explain explain which which roads roads

should should appear appear on on the the highway highway network, network, how how TAZ's TAZ's should should be be formed, formed, how how to to

develop, develop, code, code, map, map, and and check check network network data, data, and and how how to to ensure ensure the the com- com-

patibility patibility of of zones zones and and networks networks (Figure (Figure 2-l). 2-l). There There are are three three principal principal

occasions occasions upon upon which which this this chapter chapter should should be be referred referred to. to. The The first first and and

most most obvious obvious is is when when a a completely completely new new model model is is to to be be developed; developed; the the second second

is is when when a a model model is is being being reevaluated reevaluated at at the the beginning beginning of of a a plan plan update; update;

and and the the third third is is when when a a model model is is being being examined examined and and modified modified to to conform conform

with with FDOT's FDOT's standard standard procedures. procedures.

Even Even though though this this report report explai explai

network, network, several several publications publications

. PlanpaclBackpac PlanpaclBackpac Gene Gene

way way Administration, Administration,

ns ns in in detail detail the the development development of of a a highway highway

would would serve serve as as supplementary supplementary references: references:

ral ral Information Information by by the the Federal Federal High- High-

April, April, 1977. 1977.

. Traffic Traffic Assignment Assignment by by the the Federal Federal Highway Highway Administration, Administration,

August, August, 1973. 1973.

. UTPS UTPS User's User's Guide Guide by by the the Federal Federal Highway Highway Administration Administration

and and the the Urban Urban Mass Mass Transportation Transportation Administration. Administration.

. Technical Technical memoranda memoranda by by the the Florida Florida Department Department of of Transpor- Transpor-

tation. tation.

2.1 2.1 IDENTIFY IDENTIFY THE THE STUDY STUDY AREA AREA AND AND DIVIDE DIVIDE THE THE AREA AREA INTO INTO PLATES PLATES

The The first first step step in in formulating formulating a a highway highway network network is is to to identify identify the the study study

area area and and determine determine its its boundaries. boundaries. This This should should be be done done carefully carefully because because

it it will will establish establish the the basis basis for for the the entire entire travel travel demand demand modeling modeling process. process.

6 6

FIGURE 2 - I

NETWORK DEVELOPMENT FLOW CHAf?T

DATA BASE

BASE MAPS AERIAL PHOTOS

CENSUS MAPS FACILITY TYPE MAPS

POLITICAL MAPS LANE MAPS

TOPOGRAPHICAL MAPS COUNT MAPS

LAND USE MAPS SOCIOECONOMIC DATA

MAJOR GENERATOR MAPS

JDENJJFY DJVIDE STUDY STUDY AREA’

- _ DETERMINE DETERMINE - - ESTABLISH ESTABLISH - INTO PLATES FACILITY TYPES TAZ’s

I c I

DRAW MYLAR LOCATE CONNECT LOCATE NETWORK MAP NODES

- CENTROIDS TO NETWORK - CENTROIDS

I I I

COORDINATE COORDINATE DIGITIZE NETWORK

1- l-5 PLOT NETWORK

I CODE

NETWORK

t

INSERT TOLL LINKS 7

t

DRAW MYLAR

.

INSERT

LANE NUMBERS

FACILITY TYPES

AREA TYPES

SCREENLI-NESCUTLINES

DISTRICTS

COUNTS

CONSTRUCTION CODES

The The study study area area will will be be jointly jointly defined defined by by the the Bureau Bureau of of Urbanized Urbanized Area Area

Systems Systems Planning Planning (BUASP) (BUASP) and and the the MPO, MPO, with with the the approval approval of of the the Federal Federal

Highway Highway Administration. Administration.

The The network network map map should should be be divided divided into into sections sections (or (or "plates"). "plates"). These These

plates plates will will be be used used for for drafting drafting the the producible producible mylar mylar maps, maps, computer computer

plotting, plotting, and and node node numbering. numbering. The The following following mapping mapping scheme scheme is is suggested. suggested.

The The rules rules are are not not rigid, rigid, and and should should work work well well for for all all but but the the largest largest ur- ur-

ban ban areas. areas. If it it is is decided decided to to depart depart from from the the guidelines, guidelines, an an orderly orderly

and and systematic systematic procedure procedure should should be be established established and and documented. documented.

1. 1.

2. 2.

3. 3.

4. 4.

5. 5.

1. 1.

2. 2.

Input

Base Base maps maps (urban (urban area area maps maps at at a a scale scale of of 1 1 inch inch to to 2,000 2,000 feet feet and and

county county maps maps at at a a scale scale of of 1 1 inch inch to to 1 1 mile). mile).

Maps Maps of of census census tracts. tracts.

Maps Maps showing showing political political boundaries boundaries and and the the area area under under the the MPO's MPO's juris- juris-

diction. diction.

Maps Maps of of existing existing and and future future land land use. use.

Knowledge Knowledge of of development development patterns patterns and and potential potential for for development, development,

especially especially from from the the MPO's MPO's staff. staff.

output output

Sketch Sketch of of the the study study area. area.

Identification Identification of of information information needed needed for for mapping. mapping.

8 8

Method Method

1. 1.

2. 2.

3. 3.

4. 4.

5. 5.

6. 6.

Obtain Obtain blue-line blue-line copies copies of of the the base base maps maps covering covering all all areas areas that that

might might be be included included in in the the study study area. area.

Obtain Obtain maps maps showing showing census census tracts, tracts, political political boundaries, boundaries, land land use, use,

and and the the area area under under the the MPO's MPO's jurisdiction. jurisdiction.

Sketch Sketch the the study study area area on on the the urban urban area area maps maps and and county county maps. maps. The The

study study area area should should cover cover all all areas areas under under the the MPO's MPO's jurisdiction. jurisdiction. It It

should should conform conform with with the the political political boundaries boundaries of of cities cities and and counties counties

and and the the boundaries boundaries of of census census tracts tracts (or (or enumeration enumeration districts). districts).

It It should should include include all all areas areas expected expected to to be be urban urban by by the the target target year year

of of the the study. study. Local Local planners planners with with a a knowledge knowledge of of development development patterns patterns

should should be be involved involved in in this this process. process.

If the the developed developed portion portion of of the the study study area area is is larger larger than than that that covered covered

by by the the urban urban area area maps maps at at a a scale scale of of one one inch inch to to 2,000 2,000 feet, feet, an an expan- expan-

sion sion of of the the urban urban area area maps maps should should be be requested. requested.

In very very sparsely sparsely developed developed land, land, all all mapping, mapping, including including zone zone maps maps

and and network network maps, maps, should should be be done done at at a a scale scale of of one one inch inch to to one one mile. mile.

At At this this time, time, it it should should be be decided decided which which parts parts of of the the study study area area will will

be be mapped mapped at at this this scale scale and and which which will will be be mapped mapped at at a a scale scale of of one one

inch inch to to 2,000 2,000 feet, feet, so so that that the the mapping mapping work work described described in in the the follow- follow-

ing ing steps steps will will be be done done at at the the correct correct scale. scale.

Divide Divide the the study study area area into into plates plates (see1Figure (see1Figure 2-2) 2-2) so so that: that:

. The The study study area area can can be be displayed displayed on on a a single single 36-inch-by-44-inch 36-inch-by-44-inch

map map at at a a scale scale of of one one inch inch to to one one mile. mile.

9

FIGURE 2-2 NETWORK PLATE COVERAGE

42 42 miles

15.9 miles

Piafe of scale I”= 2,oool 2,oool

Plate at scale I ‘I= 2,000'

f/afe of scale / = I mile

Plafe of scafe - ‘I= 400: /

Notes: AN plafes are 36';(44"

I 'I = / mile plate should be used for fhe undeveloped areas

/ ‘I = 2,000’ plafes should be used for developed areas

I ‘I= 400’ plafes should be used for the cenfroi business

disfrict inset

. All All developed areas areas can can be be displayed displayed on on a a series series of of 36-inch-by- 36-inch-by-

44 44 inch inch plates plates at at a a scale scale of of one one inch inch to to 2,000 2,000 feet. feet.

. The The primary primary orientation orientation of of the-plates the-plates is is north-south-east- north-south-east-

west. west. The The format format should should be be horizontal horizontal (i.e., (i.e., the the long long

dimension dimension of of the the map map should should run run west west to to east). east).

. There There is is a a one-inch one-inch border, border, reducing reducing the the usable usable size size of of

the the plate plate to to 42 42 inches inches by by 34 34 inches. inches. At At a a scale scale of of one one inch inch

to to 2,000 2,000 feet, feet, each each plate plate will will cover cover an an area area of15.9 of15.9 miles miles

by by 12.9 12.9 miles. miles.

. The The study study area area is is covered covered by by the the fewest fewest number number of of plates plates

possible. possible.

7. 7. Establish Establish inset inset plates plates for for densely densely developed developed urban urban areas areas so so that: that:

. All All areas areas where where the the fineness fineness of of the the network network makes makes the the scale scale

of of one one inch inch to to 2,000 2,000 feet feet inadequate inadequate are are covered covered by by plates plates

with with dimensions dimensions of of 44 44 inches inches by by 36 36 inches inches and and with with a a scale scale

of of one one inch inch to to 400 400 feet. feet. The The maps maps at at this this scale scale for for these these

areas areas should should be be requested requested at at this this time. time.

. The The primary primary orientation orientation is is north-south-east-west north-south-east-west (i.e., (i.e., not not

skewed) skewed) in in the the horizontal horizontal format format (i.e., (i.e., the the long long distance distance is is

east-west). east-west).

. The The number number of of inset inset plates plates is is as as low low as as possible. possible.

. Each Each inset inset plate plate lies lies completely completely with with a a single single larger larger plate plate at at

a a scale scale of of one one inch inch to to 2,000 2,000 feet feet whenever whenever possible. possible.

11

2.2 2.2 DETERMINE DETERMINE TYPES TYPES OF OF FACILITIES FACILITIES

All All roadways roadways within within the the study study area area should should be be classified classified according according to to

type type (Table (Table 2-l). 2-l). The The primary primary responsibility responsibility for for this this task task rests rests with with

the the BUASP BUASP staff; staff; the the responsibility responsibility for for data data input input and and review review will will be be

assigned assigned to to the the District District Office Office and and MPO MPO staff. staff. The The results results of of this this

procedure procedure will will be be used used to to identify identify and and code code the the highway highway network network and and the the

TAZ TAZ system. system. The The facility facility type type will will also also influence influence the the capacity capacity and and speed speed

of of the the roadway roadway as as it it is is represented represented in in the the model. model.

Input

1. 1. Study Study area area maps. maps.

2. 2. Maps Maps of of existing existing functional functional classifications classifications on on facility facility types. types.

3. 3. Maps Maps of of existing existing lanes. lanes.

4. 4. Traffic Traffic count count maps.

Outout

1. 1. Color-coded Color-coded map map of of facility facility types. types.

2. 2. Vellum Vellum map map plates plates of of preliminary preliminary highway highway network. network.

Method Method

1. 1. Using Using all all available available data data describing describing the the street street system system such such as as

functional functional classification classification maps maps (facility (facility type type and and functional functional classi- classi-

fication fication are are very very similar, similar, lane lane maps, maps, and and traffic traffic count count data, data, de- de-

termine termine the the type type of of all all roads roads within within the the study study area. area. Facility Facility types types

are are defined defined in in Table Table 2-l. 2-l. The The facility facility types types should should be be color-coded, color-coded,

using using a a marker marker or or pen, pen, on on base base maps maps of of the the study study area area at at two two different different

scales: scales: one one inch inch to to 2,000 2,000 feet feet and and one one inch inch to to one one mile. mile.

12 12

TABLE TABLE 2-l 2-l

DEFINITIONS DEFINITIONS OF OF FACILITY FACILITY TYPE TYPE

Type Type of of Facility Facility Definition Definition

Freeway Freeway A A facility facility with with full full control control of of access access to to give give preference preference to to through through traffic traffic ( i.e., i.e., interstate interstate and and turnpike). turnpike). Color Color code code red. red.

Divided Divided Arterial Arterial and and Expressway Expressway

Undivided Undivided Arterials Arterials

Collector Collector

A A facility facility with with a a painted painted area area wide wide enough enough to to protect protect a a left-turning left-turning vehi- vehi- cle, cle, or or with with barrier barrier or or median median (raised (raised or or depressed) depressed) separating separating opposing opposing traf- traf- fic fic flows, flows, carrying carrying most most of of the the long long trips trips made made within within and and through through an an urban urban area, area, emphasizing emphasizing traffic traffic movement movement rather rather than than land land access, access, and and carrying carrying higher higher volumes volumes than than any any facility facility except except freeways. freeways. Expressways Expressways have have some some grade- grade- separated separated intersections, intersections, fewer fewer signals signals per per mile mile than than arterials, arterials, and and some some front- front- age age roads. roads. Color Color code code green. green.

Similar Similar to to a a divided divided arterial, arterial, except except no no painted painted area area or or physical physical barrier barrier separ- separ- ates ates opposing opposing traffic traffic flows. flows. Generally Generally has has more more signals signals per per mile mile and and fewer fewer frontage frontage roads, roads, serves serves fewer fewer through through trips, trips, and and serves serves more more land land access access than than divided divided arterials. arterials. Color Color code code blue. blue.

Street that “collects” traffic traffic from from local local streets streets in in neighborhoods neighborhoods and and chan- chan- nels nels it it into into the the arterial arterial system. system. A A small small amount amount of of through through traffic traffic may may be be carried carried on on collector collector streets, streets, but but the the system system primarily primarily provides provides access access to to abutt- abutt- ing ing land land by by carrying carrying local local traffic traffic between between or or within within residential residential neighborhoods neighborhoods and and commercial commercial areas, areas, or or to to roadways roadways with with more more capacity. capacity. Color Color code code yellow. yellow.

Centroid Centroid Connectors Connectors Local Local streets streets will will be be represented represented by by cen- cen- troid troid connectors connectors and and should should not not be be iden- iden- tified tified here. here.

One-Way One-Way Streets Streets Any Any facility facility on on which which traffic traffic may may move move in in one one direction direction only. only.

Source: Source: Florida Florida Department Department of of Transportation. Transportation.

13 13

2. 2. Overlay Overlay the the facility facility type type map map with with vellum. vellum. The The plate plate structure structure

identified identified in in the the previous previous section section should should be be followed. followed. Carefully Carefully

trace trace all all major major one-way one-way streets, streets, undivided undivided arterials, arterials, divided divided ar- ar-

terials, terials, expressways, expressways, and and freeways freeways onto onto the the vellum. vellum.

One One of of the the most most difficult difficult decisions decisions in in the the process process of of defining defining a a network network

will will be be to to determine determine which which collectors collectors will will be be included. included. Collectors Collectors should should

be be used used to to fill fill in in the the network network as as follows: follows:

. Include Include all all streets streets that that are are protected protected from from cross-traffic cross-traffic

by by stop stop signs signs or or signals. signals.

l Include Include enough enough link link segments segments to to achieve achieve continuity continuity within within

the the network. network. This This means means that that segments segments of of collectors, collectors, which which

in in combination combination with with other other facilities facilities would would form form a a continuous continuous

street, street, should should be be included included in in the the network. network.

. Consider Consider all all links links that that carry carry more more than than 1,000 1,000 vehicles vehicles per per

day. day.

The The resulting resulting vellum vellum tracing tracing is is the the preliminary preliminary b b lighway lighway network network map. map.

2.3 2.3 ESTABLISH ESTABLISH THE THE TRAFFIC TRAFFIC ANALYSIS ANALYSIS ZONES ZONES

The The TAZ TAZ system system will will be be the the basis basis for for all all data data co1 co1 lection lection and and forecast- forecast-

ing ing throughout throughout the the study. study. TAZ's TAZ's must must be be formed formed carefully carefully to to ensure ensure

compatibility compatibility between between zones zones and and networks networks and and to to ease ease the the collection collection and and

manipulation manipulation of of data. data.

I nout nout

1. 1. Blue-line Blue-line prints prints of of the the study study area area at at the the following following scales: scales: one one

inch inch to to 2,000 2,000 feet, feet, one one inch inch to to 400 400 feet, feet, and and one one inch inch to to one one mile. mile.

14 14

2. 2. Maps Maps of of census census tracts tracts (or (or enumeration enumeration districts). districts).

3. 3. Preliminary Preliminary highway highway network network map map on on vellum. vellum.

4. 4. Maps Maps showing showing physical physical barriers. barriers.

5. 5. Maps Maps of of existing existing and and future future land land use, use, especially especially maps maps that that show show

future future population population and and employment employment densities. densities.

6. 6. Maps Maps showing showing major major travel travel generators. generators.

Outout

1. 1. TAZ TAZ work work map map on on vellum. vellum.

Method Method

1. 1. Draw Draw census census boundaries boundaries on on blue-line blue-line prints prints of of the the urban urban area area base base

maps maps (the (the urban urban area area maps maps at at scales scales of of 1 1 inch inch to to 2,000 2,000 feet feet and and 1

inch inch to to 1 mile). In urban urban areas, areas, the the boundaries boundaries will will be be census census

tract tract boundaries; boundaries; outside outside of of the the urban urban areas, areas, enumeration enumeration districts districts

will will be be used. used.

2. 2. Draw Draw all all political political boundaries boundaries on on the the blue-line blue-line maps. maps. Except Except when when

political political boundaries boundaries have have recently recently been been changed, changed, all all political political

boundaries boundaries will will also also be be census census boundaries. boundaries. Each Each political political unit unit

(city (city or or county) county) should should be be composed composed of of a a number number of of census census units units

(tracts (tracts or or enumeration enumeration districts). districts). No No census census unit unit should should be be split split

by by a a political political boundary. boundary.

15 15

3. 3. Overlay Overlay the the blue-line blue-line census census maps maps with with the the preliminary preliminary highway highway net- net-

work work maps. maps. Place Place a a vellum vellum sheet sheet over over these these two two maps. maps. The The new new over- over-

lay lay will will serve serve as as the the TAZ TAZ work work map. map. Transfer Transfer the the census census boundaries boundaries

onto onto the the new new vellum vellum overlay. overlay. TAZ's TAZ's will will be be formed formed by by subdividing subdividing

the the census census tracts tracts or or enumeration enumeration districts. districts. In In the the unusual unusual case case of of

a a census census unit unit split split by by a a political political boundary, boundary, it it is is best best to to use use the the

political political boundary boundary rather rather than than the the census census boundary. boundary.

4. 4. In In genera genera 1, 1, the the highway highway network network wi wi 11 11 form form the the remaining remaining TAZ TAZ boundaries. boundaries.

Physical Physical barriers barriers that that restrict restrict travel travel (rivers, (rivers, canals, canals, lakes, lakes, etc.) etc.)

should should also also be be boundaries. boundaries. Subdivide Subdivide the the census census tracts tracts or or enumeration enumeration

districts, districts, using using the the highway highway network network and and physical physical barriers barriers as as additional additional

TAZ TAZ boundaries; boundaries; trace trace these these boundaries boundaries onto onto the the vellum vellum overlay. overlay.

5. 5. Review Review the the preliminary preliminary zone zone map map and and make make adjustments adjustments according according to to the the

following following guidelines: guidelines:

. It becomes becomes more more difficult difficult to to collect, collect, disaggregate, disaggregate, and and fore- fore-

cast cast socioeconomic socioeconomic data data as as the the number number of of TAZ's TAZ's increases. increases.

Furthermore, Furthermore, computer computer time time requirements requirements increase increase geometrically geometrically

with with the the number number of of TAZ's. TAZ's.

. Land Land use use within within a a zone zone should should be be homogeneous homogeneous whenever whenever possi- possi-

ble. ble.

. As As many many TAZ's TAZ's as as possible possible should should have have between between 10,000 10,000 and and

20,000 20,000 daily daily vehicle vehicle trip trip ends ends in in the the target target year. year. Rough Rough

trip trip generation generation rates rates relating relating the the number number of of vehicle vehicle trip trip

ends ends to to total total population population and and total total employment employment could could be be used. used.

A A very very rough rough estimate estimate of of vehicle vehicle trip trip ends ends for for a a TAZ TAZ can can be be

made made upon upon application application of of the the following following equation: equation:

16 16

TE TE = = 2.4 2.4 (POP) (POP) + + 5.5 5.5 (TEMP) (TEMP)

where: where:

. TE TE = = vehicle vehicle trip trip ends; ends;

. POP POP = = residential residential population; population; and and

. TEMP TEMP = = total total place-of-work place-of-work employment. employment.

The The number number of of trips trips should should be be estimated estimated using using target target year year

population population and and employment employment forecasts. forecasts. A A TAZ TAZ with with too too few few trip trip

ends ends will will not not cause cause traffic traffic assignment assignment problems, problems, and and a a TAZ TAZ

with with too too many many trip trip ends ends will will cause cause such such problems, problems, especially especially

if if the the highway highway network network that that bounds bounds the the TAZ TAZ has has a a low low traffic- traffic-

carrying carrying capacity. capacity.

There There should should be be roughly roughly ten ten highway highway links links (including (including centroid centroid

connectors) connectors) per per zone. zone. A A system system consisting consisting of of square square zones, zones, each each

having having four four centroid centroid connectors, connectors, would would have have eight eight links links per per zone zone

(Figure (Figure 2-3). 2-3). In In a a practical practical situation situation where where the the zones zones are are not not

square square and and there there are are extra extra nodes nodes for for matchlines matchlines and and plotting, plotting,

ten ten links links per per zone zone is is a a reasonable reasonable estimate. estimate.

If If it it is is necessary necessary to to make make some some TAZ's TAZ's larger larger than than the the areas areas

delimited delimited by by the the highway highway network, network, zones zones near near collectors, collectors, rather rather

than than arterials arterials and and freeways, freeways, should should be be enlarged. enlarged. In other other words, words,

it it is is more more desirable desirable to to split split a a TAZ TAZ with with a a collector collector than than to to

split split one one with with a a facility facility of of higher higher type. type.

17 17

FIGURE 2 -3 LINKS PER ZONE RELATIONSHIPS

I El %I 4 2

/ 3 5 6

E3

I) Q 2 4’ 7

NUMBER OF LINKS CENTROID CONNECTORS PER ZONE

0

I

2

3

4

2 *

4

6

7

8

*IT CAN BE PROVEN THAT IN A SQUARE REGION CONSISTING OF UNIFORM SQUARE ZONES, THE RATIO OF INTERNAL LINKS ( LINKS WHICH DO NOT FORM PART OF THE REGION'S BOUNDARY ) TO ZONES APPROACHES TWO AS THE NUMBER OF ZONES APPROACHES INFINITY.

. Ideally, Ideally, TAZ's TAZ's should should be be in in the the shape shape of of regular regular polygons. polygons.

Many times they will will not not be, be, but but extremely extremely elongated elongated shapes shapes and and

"gerrymandering" "gerrymandering" should should be be avoided. avoided. In general, general, zones zones located located

near near the the CBD CBD will will be be smaller smaller than than outlying outlying zones. zones.

. In some some cases cases it it will will be be useful useful to to delete delete or or add add certain certain collec- collec-

tors tors to to improve improve the the compatibility compatibility of of zones zones and and networks. networks. Addi- Addi-

tion tion of of TAZ's TAZ's and and addition addition and and deletion deletion of of links links is is the the mechanism mechanism

used used to to achieve achieve compatibility. compatibility.

6. 6. The The vellum vellum overlay overlay will will be be used used to to draft draft the the formal formal TAZ TAZ maps maps for for the the

study. study. Therefore, Therefore, it it must must be be neat neat and and accurate. accurate.

2.4 2.4 LOCATE LOCATE THE THE CENTROIDS CENTROIDS

The The centroid centroid of of a a TAZ TAZ should should be be at at the the center center of of the the trip trip ends ends for for that that

TAZ. TAZ. In In a a mathematical mathematical sense, sense, if if each each trip trip end end were were given given the the weight weight of of

one, one, the the centroid centroid would would be be the the TAZ's TAZ's trip-end-based trip-end-based center center of of gravity gravity or or

"balance "balance point." point." The The location location of of the the center center of of gravity gravity will will shift shift every every

time time a a change change is is made made in in the the socioeconomic socioeconomic data, data, and and hence hence the the number number

and and location location of of trip trip ends. ends. For For the the purpose purpose of of travel travel modeling, modeling, the the loca- loca-

tion tion of of a a centroid centroid is is fixed fixed unless unless significant significant changes changes in in the the land land use use

pattern pattern of of the the zone zone occur. occur.

Input Input

1. 1. Highway Highway network network maps. maps.

2. 2. TAZ TAZ map. map.

3. 3. Land Land use use map. map.

4. 4. Major Major generator generator map. map.

5. 5. Aerial Aerial photographs. photographs.

6. 6. Knowledge Knowledge of of the the study study area. area.

19 19

Out!3ut

1. 1. Highway Highway network network maps maps showing showing centroids. centroids.

2. 2. TAZ TAZ map map showing showing centroids. centroids.

Method Method

1. 1. Using Using the the land land use use maps, maps, major major generator generator map, map, aerial aerial photographs, photographs,

and and any any other other data data available, available, locate locate a a centroid centroid for for each each TAZ TAZ and and

mark mark it it on the TAZ map. Use your your judgment judgment to to locate locate centroids; centroids; no no

mathematical mathematical process process is is needed. needed. The The actual actual location location of of a a centroid centroid

connector connector is is determined determined by by the the time time and and distance distance assigned assigned to to its its

centroid centroid connectors. connectors.

2. 2. Transfer Transfer the the TAZ TAZ centroid centroid locations locations to to the the highway highway network network map. map.

2.5 2.5 CONNECT CONNECT CENTROIDS CENTROIDS TO TO THE THE HIGHWAY HIGHWAY NETWORK NETWORK

Centroid Centroid connectors connectors represent represent the the local local streets streets that that connect connect trip trip origins origins

and and destinations destinations to to the the highway highway network. network. Centroid Centroid connectors connectors are are idealized idealized

representations representations of of the the local local street street system system and and do do not not represent represent specific specific

streets. streets.

Input Input

1. 1. Highway Highway network network maps maps with with centroids. centroids.

2. 2. Map Map of of facility facility types. types.

3. 3. Aerial Aerial photographs photographs and/or and/or detailed detailed maps maps showing showing physical physical features. features.

output output

1. 1. Highway Highway network network maps maps with with centroid centroid connectors. connectors.

20

Method Method

1. 1. Examine Examine the the aerial aerial photographs photographs and and

has has access access to to the the highway highway network. network.

maps maps to to determine determine where where each each zone zone

2. 2. Draw Draw centroid centroid connectors connectors between between the the centroids centroids and and the the highway highway

work, work, using using dashed dashed lines, lines, according according to to the the following following rules: rules:

. Each Each centroid centroid must must have have at at least least one one and and no no more more than than four four

centroid centroid connectors. connectors.

. Centroid Centroid connectors connectors should should connect connect with with collectors collectors or or the the

net- net-

lowest lowest type type of of facility facility available. available. They They should should never never connect connect

directly directly with with freeways, freeways, and and should should connect connect with with divided divided arterials arterials

only only when when there there is is no no alternative alternative means means of of access. access.

. . Centroids Centroids should should be be connected connected in in as as many many directions directions as as possi- possi-

ble ble (with (with a a maximum maximum of of four four allowed). allowed). However, However, care care should should

be be taken taken to to avoid avoid traversing traversing physical physical barriers barriers or or connecting connecting

a a centroid centroid with with the the highway highway network network if if access access does does not not exist exist

or or is is prohibited. prohibited. In In addition, addition, a a centroid centroid should should not not be be con- con-

nected nected to to the the same same facility facility at at more more than than one one location. location.

. Future Future year year networks networks should should have have a a centroid centroid connector connector system system

that that is is different different from from the the base base year year system system if if access access conditions conditions

change. change.

2.6 2.6 LOCATE LOCATE AND AND DEFINE DEFINE NODES NODES

A A highway highway node node marks marks the the end end of of each each link. link. It It is is the the point point where where two two to to

four four links links are are joined, joined, and and it it usually usually represents represents an an intersection intersection or or a a cen- cen-

troid troid connection. connection. The The process process of of defining defining nodes nodes is is important important because because it it

defines defines many many of of the the details details of of the the highway highway network. network.

21 21

1. 1.

2. 2.

3. 3.

1. 1.

1. 1.

Input Input

Highway Highway network network map. map.

Map Map of of facility facility types. types.

Aerial Aerial photographs photographs or or a a detailed detailed street street map. map.

output output

Highway Highway network network map map with with nodes nodes added. added.

Method Method

Draw Draw nodes nodes on on the the hi hi ghway ghway network network map map as as shaded shaded dots. dots. In In general, general,

nodes nodes should should be be placed placed at at every every intersection. intersection. The The coding coding conventions conventions

listed listed below below should should be be followed: followed:

. A A node node should should be be placed placed at at every every intersection intersection where where traff traff

interchange interchange occurs. occurs.

ic ic

. A A node node can can have have no no more more than than four four legs. legs. If an an intersecti intersecti on on

has has more than four legs, a dummy node node and and link link must must be be in- in-

serted serted as as indicated indicated in in Figure Figure 2-4. 2-4. The The network network map map should should

be be modified modified to to show show the the dummy dummy nodes nodes and and links links where where they they are are

coded. coded. The The word word "dummy" "dummy" should should be be placed placed on on the the link link to to show show

the the true true location location of of the the dummy dummy node. node.

. Freeways Freeways should should be be coded coded as as two-way two-way links. links. This This convention convention

is is less less complicated complicated than than coding coding the the freeway freeway as as one-way one-way links. links.

In general, general, freeway freeway ramps ramps should should not not be be coded. coded. Ramp Ramp volumes volumes

will will appear appear as as turning turning volumes volumes at at nodes nodes representing representing inter- inter-

changes. changes. The UROAD UROAD turn turn prohibitors prohibitors can can be be used used to to represent represent

partial partial interchanges. interchanges. Exceptions Exceptions to to this this rule rule will will be be the the

following following cases: cases:

22 22

NGURE 2 - 4

DUMMY NODES AND LINKS

ACTUAL FIVE-LEGGED INTERSECTION

zero time and distance /Ink

SIMULATED FIVE - LEGGED INTERSECTION

- - The The interchange interchange is is highly highly complex complex and and a a single single node node

will will be be more more confusing confusing than than explicit explicit coding coding of of the the ramps. ramps.

- - A A ramp ramp is is highly highly overloaded, overloaded, but but the the mainline mainline volume volume is is

not not at at capacity capacity and and capacity capacity restraint restraint is is needed needed to to re- re-

flect flect the the actual actual diversion diversion of of traffic. traffic.

. Frontage roads should be be coded coded if if they they have have a a significant significant traffic- traffic-

carrying carrying capacity capacity and and serve serve a a higher higher function function than than that that of of a a local local

street. street.

. All All one-way one-way streets streets should should be be marked marked with with arrows arrows indicating indicating

the the direction direction of of travel. travel.

. Additional Additional plotting plotting nodes nodes should should be be added added so so that that curved curved

roads roads can can be be closely closely approximated approximated by by a a series series of of straight straight

line line segments segments as as plotted plotted by by CALCOMP. CALCOMP. This This is is important important not not

only only from from an an aesthetic aesthetic standpoint, standpoint, but but because because link link distances distances

will will be be measured measured along along the the straight straight line line segments segments rather rather than than

the the actual actual curvilinear curvilinear distance. distance.

2.7 2.7 DRAW DRAW MYLAR MYLAR HIGHWAY HIGHWAY NETWORK NETWORK MAPS MAPS

Mylar Mylar highway highway network network maps maps should should be be drawn drawn in in conformance conformance with with the the pre- pre-

viously viously established established map map plates. plates.

Input Input

1. 1. Highway Highway network network maps. maps.

2. 2. Mylar Mylar drafting drafting film film with with dimensions dimensions of of 36 36 by by 44 44 inches. inches.

output output

1. 1. Mylar Mylar highway highway network network maps. maps.

2. 2. Cover Cover sheet sheet for for network network map map series. series.

24 24

Method Method

1. 1. Trace Trace the the highway highway network network onto onto reproducible reproducible mylar mylar maps. maps. Each Each mylar mylar

sheet sheet should should be be the the standard standard size size (36 (36 x x 44 44 inches) inches) and and should should repre- repre-

sent sent a a plate. plate. The The following following conventions conventions should should be be used: used:

. Matchlines Matchlines should should be be established established at at the the junction junction of of plates, plates,

and and nodes nodes should should be be inserted inserted at at points points where where links links cross cross

matchlines. matchlines.

. A A one-inch one-inch border border should should be be drafted drafted around around each each map, map, making making

the the effective effective area area of of the the map map 34 34 by by 42 42 inches. inches.

. Nodes Nodes should should be be drawn drawn as as solid solid dots. dots. A A 3/16-inch 3/16-inch circle circle

template template is is suggested. suggested.

. Centroids Centroids should should be be drawn drawn as as unshaded unshaded circles circles with with a a diameter diameter

of of 3/16 3/16 of of an an inch. inch.

. Links Links should should be be drawn drawn as as solid solid lines lines (a (a number number 5 5 pen pen is is

suggested). suggested).

. Centroid Centroid connectors connectors should should be be drawn drawn as as broken broken lines. lines.

. All All work work should should be be first first drawn drawn in in pencil pencil and and then then carefully carefully

inked. inked.

. The The plate plate borders borders should should serve serve as as matchlines, matchlines, eliminating eliminating the the

need need for for additional additional nodes nodes at at each each plate plate border. border.

2. 2. A A legend legend should should be be placed placed in in the the one-inch one-inch border, border, as as shown shown in in Figure Figure

2-5. 2-5. This This legend legend should should include: include:

. The The name name of of the the study. study.

25 25

FIGURE 2-5 NETWORK MAP LEGEND

Tmpa Urban Area Transportation Study Standard Highway Network Map

Adopted Plan IN = 2000’

PJate 3of 6

. The The phrase phrase "Standard "Standard Highway Highway Network Network Map." Map."

. The The name name of of the the network network (existing-plus-committed, (existing-plus-committed, adopted adopted

plan, plan, etc.); etc.);

. Scale. Scale.

. . Plate Plate number. number.

Other Other identifying identifying information information will will not not be be required required if if the the maps maps are are

drawn drawn in in conformance conformance with with the the standard standard procedures procedures described described herein. herein.

3. 3. A A cover cover sheet sheet 36 36 by by 44 44 inches inches should should be be made made for for the the series series of of net- net-

work work map map plates. plates. It It should should display display the the coverage coverage of of the the plates plates

comprising comprising the the study, study, similar similar to to that that showed showed in in Figure Figure 2-2. 2-2. The The

map map shown shown on on the the cover cover sheet sheet should should be be drawn drawn or or copied copied from from the the

county county maps maps with with a a scale scale of of one one inch inch to to one one mile mile (a (a different different scale scale

would would be be appropriate appropriate if if the the entire entire study study area area will will not not fit fit on on a a

single single sheet sheet at at this this scale). scale). The The coverage coverage map map should should show show the the name name

of of the the study, study, map map scales, scales, plate plate coverage, coverage, plate plate numbers, numbers, and and the the zone zone

numbers numbers contained contained on on each each plate. plate.

2.8 2.8 DRAW DRAW MYLAR MYLAR TAZ TAZ MAPS MAPS

Mylar Mylar TAZ TAZ maps maps should should be be

TAZ TAZ maps maps should should be be drawn drawn

standard standard highway highway network network

bration bration of of the the model model and and

drawn drawn so so that that they they overlay overlay the the network network maps. maps. The The

to to conform conform with with the the plates plates and and scales scales of of the the

map. map. These These maps maps will will be be useful useful throughout throughout cali- cali-

development development of of the the long-range long-range transportation transportation plan. plan.

Input Input

1. 1. TAZ TAZ work work map map on on vellum. vellum.

2. 2. Mylar Mylar drafting drafting material material with with dimensions dimensions of of 34 34 by by 46 46 inches. inches.

3. 3. Blue-line Blue-line prints prints of of highway highway network network inset inset plates plates at at a a scale scale of of one one

inch inch to to 400 400 feet. feet.

27 27

output output

1. 1. Mylar Mylar TAZ TAZ maps. maps.

Method Method

1. 1. Outline Outline the the area area covered covered by by each each highway highway network network plate plate on on the the vellum vellum

TAZ TAZ map. map.

2. 2. Overlay Overlay the the area area covered covered by by each each plate plate with with a a mylar mylar sheet sheet and and

trace trace the the TAZ TAZ boundaries boundaries onto onto the the mylar mylar in in pencil. pencil. In In areas areas where where

the the network network is is displayed displayed on on inset inset plates plates at at a a scale scale of of one one inch inch

to to 400 400 feet, feet, the the TAZ TAZ boundaries boundaries should should first first be be established established on on

the the blue-line blue-line copies copies of of the the highway highway network network inset inset plates plates and and then then

traced traced in in pencil pencil onto onto the the corresponding corresponding mylars. mylars.

3. 3. Ink Ink one-inch one-inch borders borders on on the the mylar mylar TAZ TAZ maps. maps.

4. 4. Ink Ink the the TAZ TAZ boundaries. boundaries.

5. 5. Label Label each each plate plate with with the the following following information information (see (see Figure Figure 2-4): 2-4):

. Name Name of of study. study.

. The The phrase phrase "Standard "Standard Zone Zone Map." Map."

. Scale. Scale.

. Plate Plate number. number.

2.9 2.9 NUMBER NUMBER THE THE NODES NODES

TAZ's TAZ's and and highway highway nodes nodes should should be be numbered numbered according according to to a a systematic systematic

scheme. scheme. Any Any number number of of schemes schemes could could be be devised, devised, but but the the following following scheme scheme

is is suggested. suggested.

Input Input

1. 1. Mylar Mylar TAZ TAZ maps. maps.

2. 2. Mylar Mylar highway highway network network maps. maps.

28 28

output output

1. 1. Mylar Mylar TAZ TAZ maps maps with with zone zone numbers. numbers.

2. 2. Mylar Mylar highway highway network network maps maps with with centroid centroid and and node node numbers. numbers.

Method Method

1. 1. Number Number the the TAZ TAZ and and highway highway network network map map plates. plates. The The plate plate containing

the the CBD CBD should should be be numbered numbered 1, 1, and and the the plates plates should should be be numbered numbered in in

order order moving moving away away from from the the CBD. CBD. Plates Plates should should receive receive consecutive consecutive

integers integers as as identifying identifying numbers. numbers.

2. 2. Centroids Centroids (TAZ'S) (TAZ'S) should should be be numbered. numbered. The The numbers numbers should should be be inked inked

on on the the highway highway network network map map plates plates and and on on the the TAZ TAZ map map plates plates (centroid (centroid

numbers numbers must must be be consecutive consecutive integers integers beginning beginning with with number number 1). 1). The The

numbering numbering should should begin begin on on plate plate 1. 1. All All centroids centroids on on the the first first plate plate

should should be be numbered numbered before before the the second second plate plate is is numbered, numbered, and and so so on. on.

All All possible possible node node numbers numbers should should be be listed listed and and numbers numbers should should be be

marked marked off off as as they they are are used. used. This This will will help help eliminate eliminate duplicate duplicate

numbers numbers and and allow allow early early identification identification of of unused unused numbers. numbers. After After

all all of of the the centroids centroids have have been been numbered, numbered, skip skip a a number number of of centroid centroid

numbers numbers equal equal to to five five percent percent of of the the number number of of TAZ's TAZ's before before number- number-

ing ing the the external external stations stations (external (external stations stations are are actually actually centroids). centroids).

The The extra extra centroid centroid numbers numbers will will be be used used if if it it becomes becomes necessary necessary in in

the the future future to to split split zones zones because because of of an an unusually unusually large large amount amount of of

growth. growth. External External stations stations (nodes (nodes on on the the study study area area boundary boundary through through

which which autos autos may may enter enter and and leave leave the the study study area) area) should should then then be be

numbered. numbered.

3. 3. Nodes Nodes should should be be numbered. numbered. Node Node numbers numbers should should begin begin with with 1,001 1,001

(or (or a a higher higher number number if if there there are are more more than than 1,000 1,000 TAZ's TAZ's and and external external

stations). stations). The The highest highest allowable allowable node node number number is is 8,191. 8,191. The The most most

29 29

significant significant digit digit (thousands) (thousands) should should be be the the plate plate number. number. Each Each

plate plate should should be be divided divided into into ten ten bands bands (Figure (Figure 2-6), 2-6), numbered numbered 0 0

through through 9, 9, with with the the band band number number becoming becoming the the digit digit in in the the hundreds hundreds

column. column. Bands Bands should should be be numbered numbered from from the the bottom bottom to to the the top top of of the the

plate. plate. Band Band widths widths should should be be varied varied so so that that each each contains contains approxi- approxi-

mately mately the the same same number number of of nodes. nodes. Tick Tick marks marks delineating delineating the the bands bands

should should be be placed placed on on the the right right and and left left border border lines, lines, and and band band numbers numbers

should should be be drawn drawn in in the the right right border border area. area. The The right right two two digits digits should should

indicate indicate the the position position in in the the band; band; they they should should range range from from 1 1 to to 99, 99,

beginning beginning at at the the left left edge edge of of the the map map and and increasing increasing as as they they approach approach

the the right right edge. edge. The The nodes nodes should should not not be be numbered numbered consecutively; consecutively; gaps gaps

should should be be left left so so that that nodes nodes can can be be added added in in the the future future without without depart- depart-

ing ing from from the the geographical geographical numbering numbering scheme. scheme.

Node Node and and centroid centroid numbers numbers must must be be carefully carefully placed placed and and lettered. lettered.

The The former former should should be be placed placed so so that that the the numbers numbers point point to to the the node node

(Figure (Figure 2-7). 2-7). In In such such a a case, case, a a line line connecting connecting the the center center of of each each

numeral numeral would would pass pass through through the the center center of of the the node. node. Node Node numbers numbers

can can be be lettered lettered by by hand hand or or Leroyed Leroyed (a (a 140 140 CL CL template template would would be be appro- appro-

priate). priate). Hand Hand lettering lettering must must be be skillfully skillfully done done to to ensure ensure uniform uniform

size size and and a a legible legible style style (closed (closed fours fours and and flowing flowing sixes sixes and and nines nines

must must be be used). used). Machine Machine lettering lettering (such (such as as the the Kroy Kroy type) type) in in which which

an an adhesive adhesive is is used used to to affix affix the the number number to to the the map map should should not not be be

employed employed except except on on work work maps maps that that will will be be photographed photographed because because the the

adhesive adhesive may may not not last. last.

30 30

FIGURE 2- 6

NODE NUMBERING

I

-..- .._.___ __._____I._______ I I

I

--.-. .____-_ ..--.

I

I --______ .I_~~ ~_ ______

I

I

position of numbers in the bond I

I position 72

99

Band number

Tick marks delineating the bands

Band lines are NOT to

be drawn on the mylar

EXAMPLE NODE

FIGURE 2 - 7 NODE NUMBER

PLACEMENT AND LETTERING

2.10 2.10 BEGIN BEGIN NETWORK NETWORK CODING

In In the the initial initial network network coding, coding, highway highway links, links, as as defined defined by by node node numbers, numbers,

and and facility facility types types will will be be placed placed in in a a computer computer file. file. Other Other network network data data

will will be be added added in in later later steps. steps.

Input Input

1. 1.

2. 2.

1. 1.

2. 2.

1. 1.

2. 2.

Maps Maps of of facility facility types. types.

Mylar Mylar highway highway network network maps. maps.

Initial Initial highway highway network network

Computer Computer listing listing of of the the

output output

link link file file on on computer computer disk. disk.

highway highway network network link link file. file.

Method Method

The The following following data data should should be be coded coded in in the the initial initial effort: effort:

. A-node A-node in in columns columns 3 3 through through 6. 6.

. B-node B-node in in columns columns 9 9 through through 12. 12.

. . S S in in column column 18. 18.

. . X X or or blank blank in in column column 41. 41.

. Type Type of of facility facility in in column column 66. 66.

All All data data should should be be right right justified justified and and there there should should be be no no leading leading

zeros. zeros.

Code Code all all network network links. links. Coding Coding should should begin begin with with centroid centroid connectors, connectors,

but but all all other other links links can can be be coded coded in in any any order order desired. desired. Except Except for for

one-way one-way links, links, the the A-node A-node should should always always be be the the node node with with the the lowest lowest

number. number. In the the case case of of one-way one-way links, links, the the link link should should be be coded coded in in

the the direction direction of of permitted permitted traffic traffic flow. flow.

33 33

3. 3. Code Code one-way one-way and and two-way two-way indicators. indicators. In In all all cases, cases, S S should should appear appear

in in column column 18. 18. An An X X should should be be placed placed in in column column 41 41 in in the the case case of of two- two-

way way links, links, and and left left blank blank in in the the case case of of one-way one-way links. links.

4. 4. In column column 66, 66, code code the the facility facility types, types, as as determined determined from from the the facility facility

type type maps maps used used to to develop develop the the network. network. The The codes codes are are as as follows: follows:

. 1 1 - - Freeway. Freeway.

. 2 2 - - Divided Divided arterial. arterial.

. 3 3 - - Undivided Undivided arterial. arterial.

. 4 4 - - Collector. Collector.

. 5 - Centroid Centroid connector. connector.

. 6 6 - - One-way One-way arterial. arterial.

5. 5. Keypunch Keypunch these these data data and and place place them them on on an an on-line on-line disk disk file, file, using using

the the standard standard conventions conventions for for naming naming data data sets sets (see (see Chapter Chapter 5). 5). The The

links links should should then then be be sorted sorted in in ascending ascending order; order; the the primary primary sorting sorting

should should occur occur on on the the A-node A-node and and the the secondary secondary sorting sorting on on the the B-node. B-node.

The The %SORT %SORT procedure procedure should should be be used. used. A A "hard "hard copy" copy" list list of of the the file file

should should then then be be produced produced by by entering entering the the PRINTOFF PRINTOFF command. command.

2.11 2.11 INSERT INSERT TOLL TOLL LINKS LINKS AND AND EXTERNAL EXTERNAL STATION STATION CONNECTORS CONNECTORS

A A toll toll link link is is a a zero-distance zero-distance link link in in the the network network that that can can be be assigned assigned

a a delay delay time time and and a a toll toll value value (which (which in in turn turn is is converted converted to to a a time). time). The The

time, time, or or "impedence," "impedence," on on the the toll toll links links is is used used in in the the pathfinding pathfinding and and

skimming skimming procedures procedures of of the the model. model. Toll Toll links links have have a a "$" "$" in in column column 15 15 and and

toll toll codes codes in in columns columns 16 16 and and 17. 17. Toll Toll codes codes can can range range from from 1 1 through through 20, 20,

and and their their use use is is explained explained in in the the UROAD UROAD documentation. documentation.

34 34

External External station station connectors connectors are are zero-distance zero-distance dummy dummy links links that that should should be be

inserted inserted between between facilities facilities that that cross cross the the boundary boundary of of the the study study area area

and and external external stations. stations. These These connectors connectors prevent prevent some some transportation transportation plan- plan-

ning ning programs programs from from considering considering facilities facilities that that cross cross study study area area boundaries boundaries

as as centroid centroid connectors. connectors.

1. 1.

2. 2.

1. 1.

2. 2.

3. 3.

1. 1.

2. 2.

Input Input

Mylar Mylar highway highway network network maps. maps.

Toll Toll link link locations locations and and codes. codes.

output output

Mylar Mylar highway highway network network maps, maps, including including toll toll links. links.

Updated Updated highway highway network network file file on on computer computer disk. disk.

Computer Computer listing listing of of the the file. file.

Method Method

Insert Insert nodes nodes defining defining each each toll toll link link in in the the appropriate appropriate location location on on

the the mylar mylar highway highway network network maps. maps. Number Number the the nodes nodes in in accordance accordance with with

the the previously previously described described scheme. scheme. Since Since the the toll toll links links are are zero- zero-

distance distance 1 1 inks inks and and appear appear on on the the mylar mylar for for purposes purposes of of display display only, only,

they they should should be be drawn drawn as as short short as as possible, possible, while while still still allowing allowing node node

numbers numbers to to be be

"TOLL" "TOLL" and and an an

(Figure (Figure 2-8). 2-8).

clearly clearly displayed. displayed. The The toll toll links links should should be be labeled labeled

arrow arrow should should show show the the true true location location of of the the dummy dummy node node

Correct Correct all all previously previously coded coded links links that that were were altered altered by by the the insertion insertion

of of the the toll toll links. links. These These changes changes can can be be made made directly directly on on the the link link

file file by by means means of of TSO. TSO.

35 35

FIGURE 2- 8

INSERTION OF A TOLL LINK

TOLL BOOTH

DELETE LINKt 5104 5108 t CC--3 CC:18 CC--41 CC66

ADD LINKS, 5104 5106 s x 3

5106 5107 $12 s x 3

5107 5108 rf sx3 cc-15 cc:17

3. 3. Code Code the the toll toll links links and and insert insert them them into into the the link link file file using using TSO. TSO.

Toll Toll links links are are coded coded in in the the same same way way as as other other links, links, except except a a "$" "$" is is

placed placed in in column column 15 15 and and the the toll toll code code is is placed placed in in columns columns 16 16 and and 17. 17.

4. 4. External External station station connector connector

should should be be inserted inserted between between

dummy dummy links links (coded (coded as as facility facility type type 5) 5)

external external stations stations and and facilities facilities crossing crossing

the the boundary boundary of of the the study study area. area. These These links links will will have have zero zero distance. distance.

An An additional additional node node should should be be coded coded and and numbered numbered near near the the external external

station, station, and and an an arrow arrow should should be be placed placed on on the the network network map map so so that that

the the added added node node is is given given the the same same coordinates coordinates as as the the external external station. station.

5. Sort Sort and and list list the the link link file, file, as as explained explained in in section section 2.10. 2.10.

2.12 2.12 DIGITIZE DIGITIZE THE THE NETWORK NETWORK

The The highway highway network network must must be be digitized; digitized; that that is, is, each each node node and and centroid centroid

must must be be assigned assigned X X and and Y Y coordinates. coordinates. Digitization Digitization will will allow allow the the network network

to to be be plotted plotted by by applying applying computer computer plotting plotting techniques, techniques, thereby thereby easing easing the the

"debugging," "debugging," analysis, analysis, and and evaluation evaluation of of the the network. network. Accuracy Accuracy in in this this

step step is is important important because because highway highway distances distances will will be be calculated calculated from from the the

coordinates coordinates of of the the nodes. nodes.

Input Input

1. 1.

1. 1.

1. 1.

Mylar Mylar highway highway network network maps. maps.

output output

Highway Highway network network coordinate coordinate file. file.

Method Method

A A rectangular rectangular coordinate coordinate system system should should be be established established so so that that the the

network network can can be be digitized. digitized. The The origin origin should should be be placed placed in in the the lower lower

37 37

2. 2.

left left corner corner so so that that the the entire entire study study area area lies lies within within the the coordinate coordinate

geometry geometry first first quadrant. quadrant. The The coordinate coordinate system system should should be be aligned aligned in in

true true north-south north-south and and east-west east-west directions directions so so that that the the coordinates coordinates

can can later later be be referenced referenced to to the the state state plain plain coordinate coordinate system. system.

Each Each centroid centroid and and node node should should be be assigned assigned coordinates. coordinates. The The X X coor- coor-

dinate dinate should should be be the the number number of of miles miles east east of of the the origin, origin, and and the the Y Y

coordinate coordinate the the number number of of miles miles north north of of the the origin, origin, each each measured measured

to to the the nearest nearest hundredth hundredth of of a a mile. mile. FDOT's FDOT's digitization digitization equipment equipment

should should be be employed employed to to measure measure coordinates coordinates from from the the network network maps. maps.

To To align align each each plate plate in in the the digitizing digitizing machine, machine, a a point point with with known known

coordinates coordinates and and a a true true direction direction must must be be established established on on each each plate. plate.

Coordinate Coordinate cards cards (which (which will will be be keypunched keypunched by by the the digitization digitization

equipment) equipment) must must be be coded coded in in the the following following format: format:

. Node Node number number in in columns columns 1 1 through through 6, 6, 16 16 format. format.

. X X coordinate coordinate (miles (miles in in columns columns 7 7 through through 14, 14, 18 18 format, format, with with

an an implied implied decimal decimal point point between between columns columns 12 12 and and 13. 13.

. Y Y coordinate coordinate (miles) (miles) in in columns columns 15 15 through through 22, 22, 18 18 format, format,

with with an an implied implied decimal decimal point point between between columns columns 20 20 and and 21. 21.

Using Using the the above above format, format, an an X X coordinate coordinate of of 2,174 2,174 would would represent represent

a a point point 21.74 21.74 miles miles east east of of the the origin. origin.

2. 2. Place Place the the coord coord

conventions conventions for for

inates inates on on an an on-l on-l ine ine d d isk isk file, file, using using the the standard standard

naming naming data data sets sets ( ( see see Chapter Chapter 5). 5). This This must must be be done done

in in the the batch batch mode mode with with punched punched cards cards and and the the program program BPRCOPY BPRCOPY to to trans- trans-

fer fer the the cards cards to to disk. disk. After After transfer transfer of of the the file file to to disk, disk, it it should should

38 38

be be sorted sorted in in ascending ascending order order of of the the nodes nodes using using the the %SORT %SORT procedure. procedure.

The The PRINTOFF PRINTOFF command command should should then then be be entered entered to to produce produce a a "hard "hard copy" copy"

list list of of the the coordinate coordinate file. file.

2.13 2.13 PLOT PLOT THE THE NETWORK NETWORK

The The highway highway network network should should be be plotted plotted at at the the same same scale scale as as the the mylar mylar high- high-

way way network network maps. maps. Errors Errors in in networks networks and and coordinates coordinates can can then then be be easily easily

identified identified by by overlaying overlaying the the plots plots on on the the mylar mylar base base maps. maps.

1. 1.

2. 2.

3. 3.

1. 1.

2. 2.

1. 1.

Highway Highway network network link link file. file.

Coordinate Coordinate file. file.

Mylar Mylar highway highway network network maps maps (or (or prints). prints).

output output

Highway Highway network network plots plots overlaying overlaying the the mylar mylar maps maps at at the the correct correct scale. scale.

Identification Identification of of network network errors. errors.

Method Method

Build Build an an unloaded unloaded historical historical record record in in the the following following steps: steps:

. Place Place the the coordinate coordinate and and link link files files in in FDOT's FDOT's XYDIST XYDIST program, program,

which which uses uses the the coordinates coordinates to to calculate calculate link link distances distances and and

inserts inserts the the distances distances on on a a new new link link file. file.

. Use Use the the XHNET XHNET UTPS UTPS procedure procedure to to build build an an unloaded unloaded historical historical

record record with with coordinates. coordinates.

2. 2. Calculate Calculate the the appropriate appropriate scale scale and and coordinate coordinate ranges ranges for for each each plate, plate,

which which should should correspond correspond to to the the mylar mylar network network map map plates. plates.

Input Input

39 39

3. 3. Use Use the the %PLOT %PLOT routines routines to to plot plot the the network network according according to to the the follow- follow-

ing ing specifications: specifications:

. As As mentioned mentioned earlier, earlier, set set up up plates plates that that will will directly directly over- over-

lay lay the the mylar mylar base base maps. maps. The The data data that that will will be be needed needed to to set set

up each plate plate include include the the maximum maximum and and minimum minimum X X and and Y Y coordinate coordinate

values, values, the the scale scale factors factors (0.01 (0.01 for for a a scale scale of of 1 inch inch to to 1 mile, mile,

0.0264 0.0264 for for a a scale scale of of 1 1 inch inch to to 2,000 2,000 feet, feet, and and 0.1320 0.1320 for for a a

scale scale of of 1 inch inch to to 400 400 feet), feet), and and the the maximum maximum and and minimum minimum X X and and

Y Y coordinate coordinate values values of of the the area area of of no no annotation. annotation. It It is is suggested suggested

that that areas areas on on a a plate plate with with a a scale scale of of one one inch inch to to 2,000 2,000 feet feet

that that are are covered covered by by an an inset inset plate plate at at a a scale scale of of one.inch one.inch to to

400 400 feet feet not not be be annotated; annotated; the the same same recommendation recommendation is is made made for for

the the areas areas on on a a plate plate with with a a scale scale of of one one inch inch to to one one mile mile that that

are are covered covered by by an an inset inset plate plate at at a a scale scale of of one one inch inch to to 2,000 2,000

feet. feet. These These data data should should be be carefully carefully determined determined and and saved saved in in

the the PLOTMEM PLOTMEM partitioned partitioned data data set set member member (DSN (DSN = = D552093l.GEPLOT. D552093l.GEPLOT.

DATA) DATA) for for the the study study for for use use in in subsequent subsequent plotting plotting application application

(see (see the the FDOT FDOT Standard Standard Model Model Tech Tech Memos Memos for for further further documentation). documentation).

. Specify Specify two two plotting plotting colors; colors; black black for for highway highway links links and and red red for for

centroid centroid connectors. connectors.

. Annotate Annotate all all node node and and centroid centroid numbers. numbers.

4. 4. Compare Compare the the plots plots with with the the mylar mylar base base highway highway network network maps. maps. Note Note all all

errors errors and and correct correct the the link link and/or and/or coordinate coordinate files files as appropriate. appropriate.

The The only only difference difference between between the the highway highway network network map map and and the the plot plot will will

be be at at dummy dummy links; links; the the links links will will be be plotted plotted as as they they appear appear on on the the

ground ground rather rather than than the the way way they they are are represented represented on on the the highway highway network network

maP* maP*

40 40

5. 5. Execute Execute the the BUILDHR BUILDHR CLIST CLIST procedure procedure to to build build the the historical historical record, record,

using using the the PLANPAC PLANPAC program program BUILDHR. BUILDHR. The The purpose purpose of of this this step step is is to to

identify identify errors. errors. BUILDHR BUILDHR will will identify identify unconnected unconnected TAZ's TAZ's and and will will

flag flag toll toll links links as as errors. errors. These These messages messages will will not not be be produced produced by by

the the %HNET %HNET UTPS UTPS procedure. procedure.

6. 6. Repeat Repeat the the procedure procedure until until all all errors errors have have been been eliminated. eliminated.

2.14 2.14 DRAFT DRAFT THE THE NUMBER NUMBER OF OF LANES LANES AND AND TYPE TYPE OF OF FACILITY FACILITY ON ON THE THE MYLAR MYLAR HIGH- HIGH- WAY WAY NETWORK NETWORK MAP MAP

All All network network data data should should be be inked inked on on the the mylar mylar highway highway network network maps. maps. These These

data data will will be be coded coded from from these these maps, maps, and and the the maps maps will will serve serve as as the the permanent permanent

record record of of these these data. data.

Input Input

1. 1. Color-coded Color-coded work work map map of of facility facility types. types.

2. 2. An An inventory inventory of of the the number number of of lanes lanes on on each each highway highway (a (a map, map, aerial aerial

photograph, photograph, or or other other list list describing describing the the street street system). system).

3. 3. Mylar Mylar highway highway network network maps maps and and a a blue-line blue-line copy. copy.

Outout

1. 1. Mylar Mylar highway highway network network map map with with data data on on lanes lanes and and facility facility types. types.

2. 2. Color-coded Color-coded blue-line blue-line maps maps of of facility facility types. types.

Method Method

1. 1. Determine Determine the the type type of of facility facility (refer (refer to to the the color-coded color-coded facility facility

type type map map from from section section 2.2) 2.2) and and the the number number of of lanes lanes on on each each highway highway

link, link, which which should should be be the the sum sum of of the the number number of of lanes lanes in in both both direc- direc-

tions. tions. The The following following abbreviations abbreviations should should be be used: used:

41 41

. FWY FWY - - Freeway. Freeway.

. DA DA - - Divided Divided Arterial. Arterial.

. UA UA - - Undivided Undivided Arterial. Arterial.

. COL COL - - Collector. Collector.

. Centroid Centroid connector connector - - not not needed. needed.

. ow - One-Way One-Way Arterial. Arterial.

2. 2. Ink Ink the the lane lane and and facility facility type type data data onto onto the the mylar. mylar. These These data data

should should be be carefully carefully hand hand lettered lettered or or Leroyed Leroyed (a (a 120 120 CL CL template template is is

suggested). suggested). The The designation designation should should first first show show the the number number of of lanes lanes

and and then then the the facility facility type type (for (for example, example, 6-DA 6-DA indicates indicates a a six-lane six-lane

divided divided arterial). arterial).

3. 3. Using Using pens pens or or markers, markers, color-code color-code the the blue-line blue-line maps maps according according to to

type type of of facility. facility. Freeways Freeways and and one-way one-way streets streets should should be be shown shown in in

red, red, divided divided arterials arterials and and

in in blue, blue, and and collectors collectors in in

networks. networks.

2.15 2.15 ESTABLISH ESTABLISH AREA AREA TYPES TYPES

expressways expressways in in green, green, undivided undivided arterials arterials

black. black. These These maps maps will will be be used used in in debugging debugging

Each Each link link in in the the highway highway network network must must be be assigned assigned an an area area type type that that describes describes

the the characteristics characteristics of of the the surrounding surrounding land. land. Area Area types types should should be be carefully carefully

specified specified because because they, they, along along with with type type of of facility facility and and number number of of lanes, lanes,

determine determine the the link's link's speed speed and and capacity. capacity.

Input Input

1. 1. Mylar Mylar highway highway network network maps. maps.

2. 2. Blue-line Blue-line print print of of the the highway highway network network map. map.

3. 3. Existing Existing (base (base year) year) land land use use maps. maps.

42 42

1. 1.

2. 2.

1. 1.

2. 2.

3. 3.

4. 4.

output output

Mylar Mylar highway highway network network maps maps with with area area

Color-coded Color-coded maps maps showing showing area area types. types.

Method Method

type type designations. designations.

Examine Examine the the land land use use maps maps and and classify classify each each land land use use as as one one of of the the

area area types types defined defined in in Table Table 2-2. 2-2.

Sketch Sketch the the boundaries boundaries of of each each area area type type on on the the blue-line blue-line print print of of

the the network network map. map. To To be be consistent consistent with with the the definitions definitions in in Table Table 2-2, 2-2,

outlying outlying business business districts districts (OBD) (OBD) should should be be wholly wholly contained contained within within

rural rural or or residential residential areas. areas. The OBD OBD is is the the only only area area type type that that can can

be be facil facil ity-specific; ity-specific; that that i i s, s, a a roadway roadway with with strip strip commercial commercial de- de-

velopment velopment on on both both sides sides in in the the midst midst of of a a residential residential area area would would be be

considered considered OBD. OBD. There There should should be be only only one one closed closed CBD CBD area area unless unless the the

study study area area contains contains more more than than one one central central city. city. All All fringe fringe areas areas

must must abut abut the the CBD. CBD. Figure Figure 2-9 2-9 illustrates illustrates some some considerations considerations that that

pertain pertain to to area area type. type.

Shade Shade each each area area type type on on the the blue-line blue-line maps maps with with a a different different color. color.

These These maps maps will will serve serve as as a a reference reference for for debugging debugging networks. networks.

Trace Trace the the area area type type boundaries boundaries onto onto the the mylar mylar network network maps maps (it (it is is

suggested suggested that that a a 00 00 pen pen be be used). used). The The boundaries boundaries should should be be inked inked in in

a a thin thin dashed dashed line. line. The The following following designations designations should should be be placed placed

on on either either side side of of the the boundary boundary lines lines to to label label the the area area types: types:

. CBD CBD - - Central Central business business district district (type (type 1). 1).

. . FRN FRN - - Fringe Fringe area area (type (type 2). 2).

. . RES RES - - Residential Residential area area (type (type 3). 3).

. . OBD OBD - - Outlying Outlying business business district district (type (type 4). 4).

. . RUR RUR - - Rural Rural area area (type (type 5). 5).

43 43

TABLE TABLE 2-2 2-2

DEFINITIONS DEFINITIONS OF OF AREA AREA TYPE TYPE

Type Type of of Facility Facility Definition Definition

Central Central Business Business District District (CBD) (CBD) An An area area where where the the predominant predominant land land use use is is intense intense business business activity. activity. Charac- Charac- terized terized by by large large numbers numbers of of pedestrians, pedestrians, commercial commercial vehicles, vehicles, loadings loadings of of goods goods and and people, people, a a large large demand demand for for parking parking space, space, and and a a high high degree degree of of turnover turnover in in parking. parking.

Fringe Fringe Area Area

Residential Residential Area Area

The The portion portion of of a a municipality municipality immediately immediately outside outside the the CBD. CBD. Exhibits Exhibits a a wide wide range range of of business business activities activities (small (small businesses, businesses, light light industry, industry, warehousing, warehousing, automobile automobile service service centers, centers, and and intermediate intermediate strip strip development, development, with with some some concentrated concentrated resi- resi- dential dential areas). areas). Traffic Traffic in in these these areas areas generally generally involves involves trips trips that that do do not not have have an an origin origin or or destination destination within within the the area. area. Less Less pedestrian pedestrian traffic traffic and and lower lower parking parking turnover turnover than than in in CBD. CBD. However, However, large large parking parking areas areas serving serving the the CBD CBD might might be be present. present.

An An area area within within the the influence influence of of a a munici- munici- pality pality in in which which the the predominant predominant land land use use is is residential residential development development (small busi- busi- nesses nesses may may be be present). present). Characterized Characterized by by few few pedestrians pedestrians and and low low parking parking turnover. turnover.

Outlying Outlying Business Business District District (OBD) (OBD)

An An area area within within the the influence influence of of a a munici- munici- pality pality that that is is normally normally separated separated by by some some distance distance from from the the CBD CBD and and its its fringe fringe area, area, but but that that has has the the intense intense activity activity charac- charac- teristic teristic of of a a central central area. area. The The principal principal land land use use is is business, business, and and there there may may be be heavy heavy traffic traffic or or through through movements, movements, caus- caus- ing ing vehicles vehicles to to operate operate at at lower speeds speeds than than in in fringe fringe areas. areas. Also Also characterized characterized by by large large demand demand for for parking parking and and high high turn- turn- over, over, and and moderate moderate pedestrian pedestrian traffic. traffic. This This category category does does not not include include off-street off-street shopping shopping on on one one side side of of a a street street only. only. Moderate Moderate to to heavy heavy strip strip development development on on both both sides sides of of a a street street should should be be coded coded OBD. OBD.

Rural Rural Area Area A A sparsely sparsely developed developed area area within within the the in- in- fluence fluence of of a a municipality municipality in in which which the the pre- pre- dominant dominant land land use use is is other other than than those those de- de- scribed scribed in in the the four four preceding preceding categories. categories.

Source: Source: Florida Florida Department Department of of Transportation. Transportation.

44 44

FIGURE 2 -9 AREA TYPE EXAMPLE

\

\

---7

\

\

\

f

I

I / /

STUDY AREA ‘BOUWARY

5. 5. Area Area type type designations designations for for future future year year networks networks should should conform conform to to the the

land land use use plan plan for for the the year year in in question. question.

2.16 2.16 ESTABLISH ESTABLISH SCREENLINE SCREENLINE AND AND CUTLINE CUTLINE LOCATIONS LOCATIONS

Screenlines Screenlines and and cutlines cutlines used used in in highway highway network network analyses analyses should should be be drawn drawn

on on the the mylar mylar highway highway network network maps maps to to make make coding coding easier easier and and to to form form a a perman- perman-

ent ent record. record.

1. 1.

2. 2.

1. 1.

2. 2.

1. 1.

Input Input

Mylar Mylar highway highway network network maps. maps.

Blue-line Blue-line print print of of the the network network maps. maps.

output output

Mylar Mylar highway highway network network maps maps with with screenlines screenlines and and cutlines. cutlines.

Blue-line Blue-line prints prints with with screenlines screenlines and and cutlines. cutlines.

Method Method

Sketch Sketch screenlines screenlines and and cutlines cutlines on on the the blue-line blue-line prints prints of of the the high- high-

way way network network maps. maps. In In general, general, screenlines screenlines should should completely completely divide divide

the the study study area, area, beginning beginning and and ending ending at at its its boundary, boundary, and and should should follow follow

some some physical physical barrier barrier such such as as a a river, river, canal, canal, or or railroad railroad track track to to

minimize minimize doulbe-crossings doulbe-crossings of of the the screenline. screenline. Cutlines Cutlines are are used used to to de- de-

termine termine traffic traffic volumes volumes in in corridors corridors and and need need only only span span major major corridors. corridors.

A A screenline screenline can can be be divided divided into into two two or or more more cutlines cutlines if if convenient, convenient,

or or can can be be composed composed of of two two or or more more cutlines cutlines to to minimize minimize coding. coding. In

most most study study areas, areas, two two screenlines screenlines (a (a north-south north-south and and an an east-west east-west one) one)

will will suffice. suffice. A A few few more more can can be be added added if if there there are are convenient convenient physical physical

barriers. barriers. The The study study area area boundary boundary (cordon (cordon line) line) should should be be coded coded as as a a

46 46

cutline. cutline. Similarly, Similarly, it it is is useful useful to to draw draw a a closed closed cutline cutline around around the the

CBD. CBD. All All major major travel travel corridors corridors should should contain contain cutlines cutlines if if travel travel in in

the the corridor corridor could could take take place place on on more more than than one one facility. facility. Although Although

the the number number of of cutlines cutlines will will vary vary according according to to the the characteristics characteristics of of

the the study study area area and and street street system, system, twelve twelve is is a a good good average. average.

2. 2. Trace Trace the the screenlines screenlines and and cutlines cutlines onto onto the the mylar mylar highway highway network network

maps. maps. They They should should be be drawn drawn in in a a line line style style that that differentiates differentiates them them

from from area area type type boundaries. boundaries. Screenline Screenline and and cutline cutline numbers, numbers, which which

can can range range from from 1 1 through through 98, 98, should should be be inked inked in in at at both both ends ends of of the the

line line on on each each map map plate. plate.

2.17 2.17 ESTABLISH ESTABLISH DISTRICTS DISTRICTS

Districts, Districts, or or other other analysis analysis areas areas such such as as planning planning sectors, sectors, should should be be

established established and and drawn drawn on on a a blue-line blue-line copy copy of of the the mylar mylar highway highway network network

maps. maps. To To avoid avoid clutter, clutter, they they should should not not be be drawn drawn on on the the mylars. mylars.

Inouts Inouts

1. 1.

2. 2.

1. 1.

2. 2.

1. 1.

Blue-line Blue-line copy copy of of the the mylar mylar TAZ TAZ maps. maps.

Blue-line Blue-line copy copy of of the the mylar mylar highway highway network network maps. maps.

output output

Blue-line Blue-line highway highway network network map map with with district district boundaries. boundaries.

Zone-district Zone-district equivalency equivalency table. table.

Method Method

Using Using a a colored colored marker, marker, draw draw the the district district boundaries boundaries on on the the blue- blue-

line line TAZ TAZ map. map. Label Label the the districts districts that that can can have have numbers numbers between between

1 1 and and 49. 49. Districts Districts should should be be composed composed of of a a number number of of TAZ's; TAZ's; dis- dis-

trict trict boundaries boundaries should should coincide coincide with with TAZ TAZ boundaries. boundaries.

47 47

2. 2. Construct Construct an an equivalency equivalency table, table, listing listing the the TAZ's TAZ's comprising comprising each each

district. district. This This equivalency equivalency table table will will be be useful useful in in network network analysis analysis

and and planning. planning. In In many many cases, cases, the the district district boundaries, boundaries, which which are are also also

TAZ TAZ boundaries, boundaries, will will be be highway highway links. links. This This means means that that when when a a dis- dis-

trict trict number number is is assigned assigned to to a a boundary boundary link, link, the the district district number number to to

be be assigned assigned must must be be decided decided upon. upon. The The links links should should be be assigned assigned the the

number number of of the the district district with with the the greatest greatest access access to to the the link. link. If If

this this cannot cannot be be determined, determined, east-west east-west links links should should be be assigned assigned the the

north north district district number, number, while while north-south north-south links links should should be be assigned assigned

the the east east district district number. number. In most most instances, instances, this this is is not not a a critical critical

decision decision and and should should not not receive receive undue undue attention. attention.

3. 3. Trace Trace the the district district boundaries boundaries onto onto the the blue-line blue-line highway highway network network

maP* maP* This This map map will will serve serve as as a a reference reference for for network network coding coding and and de- de-

bugging. bugging.

2.18 2.18 POST POST TRAFFIC TRAFFIC COUNTS COUNTS

If If the the network network is is an an existing existing year year network, network, traffic traffic counts counts should should be be

posted posted on on blue-line blue-line prints prints of of the the network network maps. maps. Counts Counts could could also also be be

posted posted on on a a future future year year network network to to allow allow a a future future volumes volumes and and existing existing

counts counts to to be be compared. compared.

Input Input

1. 1. Blue-line Blue-line print print of of the the network network maps. maps.

2. 2. Validation Validation year year traffic traffic counts. counts.

output output

1. 1. Blue-line Blue-line print print of of the the network network with with posted posted traffic traffic counts. counts.

48 48

1. 1.

2. 2.

3. 3.

Method Method

Obtain Obtain traffic traffic counts counts for for as as many many highway highway links links as as possible possible in in the the

validation validation year. year.

Post Post them them in in their their correct correct location location on on a a print print of of the the highway highway network network

maps. maps.

Refer Refer to to FDOT's FDOT's Procedures Procedures Manual, Manual, Validation Validation Procedures Procedures (forthcoming) (forthcoming)

for for possible possible revisions revisions in in the the method method used used for for obtaining obtaining up-to-date up-to-date

traffic traffic counts. counts.

2.19 2.19 ESTABLISH ESTABLISH CONSTRUCTION CONSTRUCTION CODES CODES

If If the the network network is is a a future future year year network network and and the the transportation transportation study study

methodology methodology is is employing employing a a network-based network-based procedure procedure to to estimate estimate con- con-

struction struction costs, costs, construction construction codes codes should should be be placed placed on on the the network. network.

The The methodology methodology for for assigning assigning construction construction codes codes is is beyond beyond the the scope scope

of of this this paper, paper, but but will will depend depend on on the the methodology methodology of of the the individual individual

study study until until a a standard standard FDOT FDOT procedure procedure can can be be developed. developed.

1. 1.

2. 2.

3. 3.

4. 4.

Input Input

A A construction construction code code procedure procedure that that assigns assigns construction construction codes codes rang- rang-

ing ing from from 1 1 through through 99 99 to to specific specific types types of of construction. construction.

Blue-line Blue-line prints prints of of the the network network maps. maps.

Description Description of of proposed proposed highway highway improvement improvement projects. projects.

List List of of the the link link file. file.

output output

1. 1. Blue-line Blue-line highway highway network network map map with with construction construction codes. codes.

2. 2. List List of of highway highway links links and and construction construction codes. codes.

49 49

Method Method

1. 1. Identify Identify each each highway highway construction construction project project and and determine determine the the con- con-

struction struction code code describing describing it. it. Most Most construction construction code code schemes schemes will will

associate associate a a cost cost per per mile mile of of construction construction with with each each possible possible type type

of of construction. construction. Types Types of of construction construction are are usually usually defined defined by by the the

characteristics characteristics of of the the old old and and new new typical typical sections sections of of the the highway. highway.

2. Write Write the the construction construction codes codes on on the the list list of of the the network network file file in in

preparation preparation for for updating updating the the file. file.

2.20 2.20 CODE CODE NETWORK NETWORK DATA DATA

The The network network data data established established in in sections sections 2.14 2.14 through through 2.19 2.19 should should be be

coded coded on on the the network network list list obtained obtained in in section section 2.11. 2.11. These These data data should should

then then be be entered entered into into the the highway highway network network link link file file by by means means of of TSO. TSO.

Input Input

1. 1. Mylar Mylar highway highway network network maps maps with with the the following following data data inked inked on on the the

maps: maps:

. Number Number of of lanes. lanes.

. Type Type of of facility. facility.

. Type Type of of area. area.

. Screenlines Screenlines and and cutlines. cutlines.

2. 2. Blue-line Blue-line highway highway network network maps maps with with the the following following data data marked marked on on

them: them:

. Districts Districts or or planning planning sectors. sectors.

. Traffic Traffic counts counts (existing (existing year year networks networks only). only).

. Construction Construction codes codes (future (future year year networks networks only). only).

3. 3. Highway Highway network network link link file. file.

50 50

4. 4.

1. 1.

2. 2.

1. 1.

2. 2.

List List of of the the highway highway network network link link file. file.

output output

Complete Complete highway highway network network link link file. file.

List List of of the the highway highway network network link link file. file.

Method Method

Code Code all all link link data data on on the the list list of of the the highway highway link link file. file. It It is is

suggested suggested that that all all data data for for each each link link be be coded, coded, in in the the order order in in

which which the the links links are are encountered encountered on on the the list, list, to to ensure ensure that that no no

data data items items are are omitted. omitted. It It will will be be easier easier to to accomplish accomplish this this if if

the the list list of of the the highway highway link link file file is is double-spaced. double-spaced.

Using Using TSO, TSO, enter enter the the link link data data into into the the highway highway network network link link file. file.

Care Care should should be be taken taken to to enter enter the the data data in in the the correct correct columns columns (see (see

below): below):

. Traffic Traffic counts: counts: columns columns 32 32 through through 36. 36.

. Number Number of of lanes: lanes: column column 37. 37.

. Construction Construction code code (future (future year year network): network): columns columns 53 53 through through 54. 54.

. Area Area type: type: column column 68. 68.

. Screenlines Screenlines and and cutlines: cutlines: columns columns 69 69 through through 70. 70.

. District District or or sector: sector: columns columns 71 71 through through 72. 72.

If the the FDOT FDOT Traffic Traffic Count Count Telemetry Telemetry System' System' is is to to be be used used to to place place counts counts

on on the the link link records, records, the the count count station station number number should should be be placed placed in in columns columns

48 48 through through 51, 51, the the count count source source code code (rather (rather than than construction construction code) code)

should should be be placed placed in in columns columns 53 53 through through 54, 54, and and the the county county code code should should

be be placed placed in in columns columns 62 62 through through 63. 63. A A four-column four-column count count date date code code should should

be be placed placed in in columns columns 77 77 through through 80 80 as as follows: follows:

ISee ISee FDOT's FDOT's "UTP "UTP Tech Tech Memo" Memo" discussing discussing validation validation link link card card coding, coding, March March 28, 28, 1980. 1980.

51 51

. Day Day number number (l-7, (l-7, Sunday-Saturday): Sunday-Saturday): column column 77. 77.

. Month Month number number (1-12): (1-12): columns columns 78 78 and and 79. 79.

. Year Year (last (last digit): digit): column column 80. 80.

While While entering entering these these data, data, the the operator operator should should depress depress the the "enter" "enter" key key

at at least least once once every every five five minutes minutes to to avoid avoid being being logged logged off off by by the the system, system,

and and the the file file should should be be "saved" "saved" periodically periodically to to minimize minimize the the amount amount of of data data

that that would would be be lost lost if if the the computer computer system system should should "crash." "crash." The The complete complete

network network link link card card format format is is shown shown in in Table Table 2-3. 2-3.

2.21 2.21 CODE CODE TURN TURN PROHIBITORS PROHIBITORS

Turn Turn prohibitors prohibitors should should be be coded coded at at locations locations where where specific specific turning turning

movements movements are are prohibited. prohibited. The The most most common common location location for for turn turn prohibitors prohibitors

will will be be at at partial partial freeway freeway interchanges interchanges and and along along arterials arterials at at which which

access access is is controlled controlled to to some some extent. extent. Turn Turn prohibitors prohibitors should should be be noted noted

on on the the mylar mylar highway highway network network maps. maps. Turn Turn prohibitors prohibitors are are not not part part of of the the

highway highway network network link link file. file. They They are are included included in in the the UROAD UROAD program program con- con-

trol trol cards. cards. Turn Turn penalties penalties should should not not be be coded. coded.

1. 1.

2. 2.

1. 1.

2. 2.

1. 1.

Input Input

Mylar Mylar highway highway network network maps. maps.

Map Map or or tabulation tabulation of of prohibited prohibited turns. turns.

output output

Mylar Mylar highway highway network network maps maps with with arrows arrows showing showing turn turn prohibitors. prohibitors.

A A file file of of turn turn prohibitor prohibitor trailer trailer cards. cards.

Method Method

Draw Draw turn turn prohibitors prohibitors (Figure (Figure Z-10) Z-10) on on the the mylar mylar highway highway network network

maps. maps.

52 52

FIGURE 2-/O

TURN PROHIBITORS

PROHIBITED TURIVS : 200/- 2003 -2004 2005- 2003 - 2002

TABLE TABLE 2-3 2-3

NETWORK NETWORK CODING CODING SUMMARY SUMMARY

Columns Columns Content Content Default Default

3-6 3-6

9-12 9-12

14-17 14-17

18 18

19-21 19-21

32-36 32-36

37 37

41 41

53-54 53-54

66 66

68 68

69-70 69-70

71-72 71-72

48-51a 48-51a

53-54a 53-54a

62-63a 62-63a

77-80a 77-80a

A A node node number number

B B node node number number

Link Link distance distance or or "$xx" "$xx" where where xx xx is is the the toll toll class class

11 11 II II S S

Toll booth service time

Two-way Two-way count count

Two-way Two-way number number of of lanes lanes (O-9) (O-9)

"X" "X" if if the the link link is,two-way is,two-way

Construction Construction code code (O-99) (O-99)

Type Type of of facility facility (l-6) (l-6)

Type Type of of area area (l-5) (l-5)

Screenline Screenline (l-99) (l-99)

District District or or sector sector (l-49) (l-49)

Count Count station station number number

Count Count source source code code (in (in place place of of construction construction code) code)

County County code code

Count Count date date code code

None None

None None

None None

None None

None

0

9

None None

0 0

5 5

5 5

99 99

49 49

None None

0 0

None None

None None

aThese aThese columns columns must must be be used used to to use use the the FDOT FDOT Traffic Traffic Count Count Telemetry Telemetry System System (see (see FDOT FDOT UTP UTP Tech Tech Memo, Memo, Validation Validation Link Link Card Card Coding, Coding, March March 28, 28, 1980). 1980).

Source: Source: Florida Florida Department Department of of Transportation Transportation and and Schimpeler.Corradino Schimpeler.Corradino Associates. Associates.

54 54

2. 2. Code Code the the turn turn prohibitor prohibitor cards. cards. Three Three prohibitors prohibitors can can be be coded coded

on on each each card card according according to to the the following following format: format:

. "T" "T" in in column column 1. 1.

. First First “from" “from" node node in in columns columns 2 2 through through 6. 6.

. First First intersection intersection node node in in columns columns 7 7 through through 11. 11.

. . First First "to" "to" node node in in columns columns 12 12 through through 16. 16.

. Second Second "from" "from" node node in in columns columns 22 22 through through 26. 26.

. Second Second intersection intersection node node in in columns columns 27 27 through through 31. 31.

. Second Second "to" "to" node node in in columns columns 32 32 through through 36. 36.

. Third Third "from" "from" node node in in columns columns 42 42 through through 46. 46.

. Third Third intersection intersection node node in in columns columns 47 47 through through 51. 51.

. Third Third "to" "to" node node in in columns columns 52 52 through through 56. 56.

3. 3. Enter Enter these these data data into into the the &DATA &DATA deck deck in in all all applications applications of of

UROAD. UROAD.

2.22 2.22 PLOT PLOT THE THE NETWORK NETWORK DATA DATA

The The network network data data should should be be plotted plotted to to find find errors. errors. A A series series of of four- four-

color color plots plots with with various various degrees degrees of of annotation annotation will will be be developed. developed. The The

plots plots will will be be made made at at the the same same scale scale as as the the mylar mylar highway highway network network map map

plates plates so so that that data data items items can can be be checked checked by by overlaying overlaying the the plots plots on on

prints prints of of the the maps. maps. The The CALCOMP CALCOMP plotter, plotter, through through the the %PLOT %PLOT procedures, procedures,

will will be be used used to to create create the the plots plots (refer (refer to to FDOT's FDOT's technical technical memos memos on on the the

standard standard model model for for complete complete documentation documentation of of the the %PLOT %PLOT procedure). procedure).

The The XPLOT XPLOT procedure procedure uses uses the the PLANPAC PLANPAC programs programs GEPREP GEPREP and and GEPLOT; GEPLOT; the the

control control cards cards are are stored stored in in partitioned partitioned data data set set members members PREP PREP (D5520931. (D5520931.

). The The %PLOT %PLOT procedure procedure allows allows GEPREP.DATA) GEPREP.DATA) and and PLOT PLOT (D552093 (D552093 l.GEPLOT.DATA l.GEPLOT.DATA

55 55

the the user user to to modify modify these these members members while while executing executing the the procedure. procedure. There There is is

a a PLOT PLOT member member for for each each urban urban area area and and a a PREP PREP member member for for each each type type of of

plot plot

1. 1.

2. 2.

1. 1.

2. 2.

3. 3.

1. 1.

2. 2.

(e.g., (e.g., lanes, lanes, facility facility type, type, area area type, type, district, district, and and screenline). screenline).

Input Input

Blue-line Blue-line prints prints of of network network maps maps with with annotation, annotation, color color coding, coding,

and and other other symbols symbols displaying displaying the the network network data data developed developed and and coded coded

in in the the previous previous steps. steps.

List List of of the the highway highway network network link link file. file.

output output

Computer Computer plots plots displaying displaying the the highway highway network network data. data.

A A corrected corrected and and edited edited highway highway network network link link file. file.

An An unloaded unloaded highway highway historical historical record. record.

Method Method

Rebuild Rebuild the the historical historical record record using using the the %HNET %HNET UTPS UTPS procedure. procedure.

Use Use %PLOT %PLOT to to create create a a four-color, four-color, non-annotated non-annotated set set of of plots plots dis- dis-

playing playing types types of of facilities. facilities. The The PLOT PLOT member member should should suppress suppress all all

annotation annotation and and the the facility facility type type PREP PREP member member should should specify specify the the

following following colors: colors:

. Red Red - - freeways freeways (type (type 1) 1) and and one-way one-way arterials arterials (type (type 6). 6).

. Green Green - - divided divided arterials arterials and and expressways expressways

. Blue Blue - - undivided undivided arterials arterials (type (type 3). 3).

. Black Black - - collectors collectors (type (type 4). 4).

(type 2).

56 56

The The low low node node number number in in the the PLOT PLOT member member should should be be set set equal equal to to the the first first

noncentroid noncentroid node node number number to to suppress suppress the the plotting plotting of of centroid centroid connectors. connectors.

Compare Compare the the plots plots to to the the color-coded color-coded maps maps described described in in section section 2.14 2.14 and and

note note all all errors errors on on the the list list of of the the network network link link file. file.

3. 3. Using Using %PLOT, %PLOT, create create a a four-color, four-color, non-annotated non-annotated set set of of area area type type

plots. plots. The The PLOT PLOT member member should should suppress suppress all all annotation annotation and and the the area area

type type PREP PREP member member should should specify specify the the following following colors: colors:

. Red Red - - CBD CBD (type (type 1) 1) and and rural rural (type (type 5). 5).

. Green Green - - residential residential (type (type 3). 3).

. Blue Blue - - OBD OBD (type (type 4). 4).

. Black Black - - fringe fringe (type (type 2). 2).

The The low low node node number number in in the the PLOT PLOT member member should should be be set set equal equal to to the the first first

noncentroid noncentroid node node number number to to suppress suppress the the plott plott ing ing of of centroid centroid connectors. connectors.

Compare Compare the the plots plots to to the the

2.15 2.15 and and note note all all errors errors

area area type type boundaries boundaries established established .in .in section section

on on the the list list of of the the network network link link file. file.

4. 4. Using Using XPLOT, XPLOT, create create a a four-color, four-color, non-annotated non-annotated set set of of plots plots dis- dis-

playing playing the the number number of of lanes lanes in in the the A-B A-B direction. direction. The The PLOT PLOT member member

should should suppress suppress all all annotation annotation and and the the PREP PREP member member signifying signifying number number

of of lanes lanes should should specify specify the the following following colors: colors:

. . Red Red - - one one lane. lane.

. Green Green - - two two lanes. lanes.

. Blue Blue - - three three lanes. lanes.

. Black Black - - four four or or more more lanes. lanes.

The The low low node node numbers numbers in in the the PLOT PLOT member member should should be be set set equal equal to to the the

first first noncentroid noncentroid node node number number to to suppress suppress the the plotting plotting of of centroid centroid

57 57

connectors. connectors. Compare Compare the the plot plot to to the the mylar mylar highway highway network network map, map,

checking checking the the plotted plotted colors colors with with the the number number of of lanes. lanes. Note Note all all errors errors

on on the the list list of of the the network network link link file. file.

5. 5. Assign Assign the the color color red, red, green, green, blue, blue, or or black black to to each each district district (or (or

sector) sector) so so that that no no districts districts with with a a common common boundary boundary are are the the same same

color; color; using using %PLOT, %PLOT, edit edit the the district district PREP PREP member member to to assign assign these these

colors colors to to the the districts. districts. To To do do this, this, a a temporary temporary link link file file must must

be be created created so so that that all all red red districts districts become become district district 1, 1, all all blue blue

districts districts become become district district 2, 2, all all green green districts districts become become district district 3, 3,

and and all all black black districts districts become become district district 4. 4. Edit Edit the the PLOT PLOT member member to to

suppress suppress all all annotation annotation and and plotting plotting of of centroid centroid connectors. connectors. Com- Com-

pare pare the the plots plots to to the the district district map map that that was was drawn drawn in in section section 2.17, 2.17,

and and note note all all errors errors on on the the list list of of the the highway highway network network link link

file. file.

6. 6. Plot Plot screenline screenline and and cutline cutline links links using using %PLOT. %PLOT. The The screenline screenline

PREP PREP member member should should specify specify that that screenlines screenlines numbered numbered 1 1 through through 98 98

should should be be plotted plotted in in red red and and screenline screenline 99 99 (the (the default default value value

for for no no screenline screenline coded) coded) should should be be plotted plotted in in black. black. Edit Edit the the

PLOT PLOT member member to to suppress suppress all all annotation annotation and and plotting plotting of of centroid centroid

connectors. connectors. The The plots plots should should be be compared compared to to the the base base highway highway network network

maps, maps, and and any any screenline screenline and and cutline cutline errors errors should should be be noted noted on on the the

list list of of the the highway highway network network link link file. file.

7. 7. Using Using TSO, TSO, enter enter all all network network corrections corrections into into the the computer. computer. If

the the corrections corrections are are few few and and uncomplicated, uncomplicated, it it will will not not be be necessary necessary

to to replot replot the the network network data. data. However, However, if if it it is is desired desired to to repeat repeat

any any of of the the plots plots after after network network corrections corrections have have been been made, made, %HNET %HNET

should should be be run run again again to to rebuild rebuild the the historical historical record. record.

58 58

8. 8. Upon Upon completion completion of of this this step, step, the the network network is is ready ready for for use use in in the the

standard standard model. model.

59 59

3. 3. COMPATIBILITY COMPATIBILITY OF OF ZONES ZONES AND AND NETWORKS NETWORKS

3.1 3.1 GENERAL GENERAL DISCUSSION DISCUSSION

The The network network development development procedures procedures described described in in this this report report should should pro- pro-

duce duce a a highway highway network network and and TAZ TAZ system system that that are are compatible. compatible. The The methodology methodology

first first established established a a highway highway network network and and then then a a TAZ TAZ system system that that would would pro- pro-

duce duce

tion tion

Once Once

load load i i

will will

incr incr

a a level level of of interzonal interzonal trips trips required required for for correct correct loading loading of of a a valida- valida-

network network (e.g., (e.g., replication replication of of traffic traffic counts). counts).

a a trip trip table, table, a a TAZ TAZ system, system, and and a a network network that that produce produce correct correct link link

ngs ngs have have been been established, established, the the addition addition of of links links to to the the network network

reduce reduce the the average average link link loading, loading, while while the the deletion deletion of of links links will will

ease ease

creased. creased.

viously viously

Similarly, Similarly,

intrazonal intrazonal w w i i

the the loading loading in in both both cases, cases, the the accuracy accuracy of of the the model model will will be be de- de-

if if a a TAZ TAZ is is divided divided in in two, two, some some trips trips that that were were pre- pre-

11 11 become become interzonal interzonal and and will will be be loaded loaded on on the the net- net-

work, work, thereby thereby increasing increasing the the average average link link load. load. The The converse converse is is also also true; true;

if if two two TAZ's TAZ's are are combined, combined, the the number number of of interzonal interzonal trips trips will will be be decreased, decreased,

thereby thereby reducing reducing link link loads. loads. These These examples examples show show that that there there must must be be a a

balance balance between between three three elements: elements: the the trip trip table, table, the the network, network, and and the the TAZ TAZ

system. system. Checks Checks on on the the compatibility compatibility of of zones zones and and networks networks should should be be made made

so so that that the the models models can can be be adjusted adjusted to to achieve achieve this this balance. balance.

Careful Careful review review of of a a plot plot of of a a validation validation highway highway assignment assignment may may reveal reveal

areas areas where where improper improper loadings loadings occur, occur, usually usually because because of of a a "point" "point" loading loading

at at a a centroid centroid connector connector from from a a major major generator. generator. Such Such a a situation situation might might be be

corrected corrected by by adding adding additional additional centroid centroid connectors, connectors, but but if if this this is is not not

a a reasonable reasonable solution, solution, the the analyst analyst should should at at least least recognize recognize this this deficiency deficiency

60 60

when when evaluating evaluating future future year year assignments. assignments. In In some some cases, cases, these these links links should should

be be eliminated eliminated from from comparisons comparisons of of volumes volumes and and counts, counts, and/or and/or screenlines screenlines

and and cutlines cutlines should should be be restructured restructured to to avoid avoid these these known known problem problem areas. areas.

3.2 3.2 TRIP TRIP GENERATION GENERATION AND DISTRIBUTION CONSIDERATIONS

As As stated stated earlier, earlier, the the trip trip table table must must be be in in balance balance with with the the TAZ TAZ system system

and and the the network. network. This This means means that that the the compatibility compatibility of of zones zones and and networks networks

is is dependent dependent on on the the trip trip generation generation and and distribution distribution models. models.

Before Before screenlines screenlines and and cutlines cutlines are are checked, checked, the the procedures procedures for for building building

the the trip trip table table should should be be examined. examined. If If the the model model was was calibrated calibrated with with the the

benefit benefit of of a a home-interview home-interview survey survey of of origins origins and and destinations, destinations, one one of of the the

first first checks checks should should be be to to compare compare the the trip trip table table as as expanded expanded from from the the sur- sur-

vey vey and and assigned assigned to to the the network network with with the the ground ground counts counts on on the the network network at at

screenlines. screenlines. If the the screenlines screenlines do do not not closely closely match match even even after after errors errors

such such as as multiple multiple crossings crossings of of screenlines screenlines have have been been accounted accounted for, for, it it is is

usually usually assumed assumed that that the the survey survey was was underreported underreported or or overreported, overreported, and and the the

trip trip table table is is modified modified to to correct correct the the error error in in the the survey survey expansion expansion rates. rates.

The The calibration calibration of of trip trip generation, generation, distribution, distribution, modal modal split, split, auto auto occu- occu-

pancy, pancy, and and assignment assignment models models can can then then proceed, proceed, assuming assuming the the number number of of trips trips

being being produced produced is is appropriate appropriate for for the the fineness fineness or or coarseness coarseness of of the the highway highway

network. network.

If If the the model model is is being being validated validated to to a a new new base base year year using using trip trip generation generation

rates rates and and friction friction factors factors developed developed from from an an old old survey survey (or (or borrowed borrowed from from

another another urban urban area), area), this this check check cannot cannot be be made. made. This This will will likely likely result result

in in a a less less accurate accurate model, model, but but the the error error will will be be minimized minimized if if the the validation validation

year year network network is is of of the the same same fineness fineness or or coarseness coarseness as as the the survey survey year year net- net-

work. work. For For example, example, it it is is not not reasonable reasonable to to assume assume that that a a trip trip generation generation

61 61

and and distribution distribution model model calibrated calibrated to to build build a a trip trip table table for for a a network network con- con-

taining taining only only facilities facilities classified classified as as major major arterials arterials or or higher higher would would be be

suitable suitable for for a a network network that that also also contains contains a a substantial substantial number number of of collectors collectors

and and local local streets. streets. If the the survey survey year year and and validation validation year year networks networks are are of of

significantly significantly different different fineness fineness or or coarseness coarseness levels, levels, the the trip trip generation generation

and and distribution distribution models models will will probably probably have have to to be be adjusted, adjusted, complicating complicating

the the model model development development process. process. The The other other options options would would be be to to adjust adjust the the

TAZ TAZ system system or or the the network network to to bring bring it it in in line line with with the the validation validation year year

network network or or to to adjust adjust the the validation validation year year network network so so that that it it is is comparable comparable

to to the the survey survey year year network. network.

3.3 3.3 SCREENLINE SCREENLINE AND AND CUTLINE CUTLINE CHECKS CHECKS

Even Even though though network network development development procedures procedures were were designed designed to to produce produce a a

compatible compatible TAZ TAZ system system and and highway highway network, network, additional additional checks checks for for com- com-

patibility patibility should should be be made made after after the the initial initial traffic traffic assignments assignments for for the the

validation validation year year have have been been made. made. For For each each screenline screenline and and cutline, cutline, the the number number

of of crossings crossings indicated indicated from from ground ground counts counts should should be be compared compared to to the the number number

indicated indicated by by the the validation validation year year traffic traffic assignment. assignment. If the the assignment assignment

volumes volumes are are higher higher than than the the ground ground counts counts at at screenlines, screenlines, other other roadway roadway

(collectors) (collectors) should should be be added added or or zones zones should should be be deleted. deleted. Similarly, Similarly, if if

the the counts counts are are higher higher than than the the assignment, assignment, roadways roadways should should be be deleted deleted or or

zones zones should should be be added. added. Since Since it it is is difficult difficult to to change change the the zone zone structure, structure,

adjustments adjustments are are usually usually made made by by adding adding or or deleting deleting roadways. roadways.

Screenline Screenline problems problems could could also also stem stem from from inaccuracies inaccuracies in in the the trip trip

generation generation or or distribution distribution models. models. Adjustment Adjustment of of these these models models is is a a

part part of of model model validation validation that that is is beyond beyond the the scope scope of of this this report. report.

62 62

4. 4. NETWORK NETWORK UPDATING UPDATING

Chapter Chapter 2 2 described described the the development development of of a a highway highway network network from from scratch. scratch.

This This chapter chapter explains explains the the methodology methodology for for updating updating a a network network that that was was

developed developed in in accordance accordance with with the the standard standard procedure procedure described described in in Chapter Chapter

2. 2. This This updating updating procedure procedure should should be be used used when when developing developing a a future future year year

alternative alternative from from a a validation validation or or existing existing network, network, or or when when developing developing

a a variation variation of of a a future future year year network. network. The The procedure procedure described described herein herein

assumes assumes that that the the base base network network has has been been completely completely debugged debugged and and that that all all

changes changes (updates) (updates) represent represent physical physical changes changes in in the the highway highway system, system, not not

corrections corrections of of errors. errors.

All All network network criteria criteria were were described described in in Chapter Chapter 2; 2; they they are are not not repeated repeated

here. here. The The following following steps steps define define a a procedure procedure to to be be interfaced interfaced with with the the

information information contained contained in in Chapter Chapter 2 2 in in an an updating updating process. process.

4.1 4.1 OBTAIN OBTAIN HIGHWAY HIGHWAY NETWORK NETWORK MAPS MAPS

Most Most of of the the data data appearing appearing in in the the highway highway network network link link file file are are illustrated illustrated

by by the the mylar mylar highway highway network network maps. maps. The The first first step step in in the the updating updating process process

will will be be to to obtain obtain blue-line blue-line prints prints and and duplicate duplicate mylar mylar or or film film copies copies of of

the the network network maps. maps. The The blue-lines blue-lines will will serve serve as as work work maps maps for for developing developing

the the new new alternative. alternative. Mylars Mylars should should be be made made only only if if the the alternative alternative being being

developed developed is is the the existing existing system, system, the the needs needs plan, plan, the the adopted adopted plan, plan, or or an an

interim interim network. network. The The mylars mylars will will serve serve as as the the permanent permanent network network maps maps for for

the the new new alternative alternative and and thus thus should should be be printed printed on on a a material material that that will will

allow allow the the lettering lettering and and line line work work to to be be changed. changed.

63 63

4.2 4.2 OBTAIN OBTAIN A A LIST LIST OF OF THE THE HIGHWAY HIGHWAY NETWORK NETWORK LINK LINK FILE FILE

Changes Changes to to be be made made in in the the network network link link file file will will be be noted noted on on a a copy copy of of

the the link link file file before before they they are are entered entered into into the the computer. computer. A A list list of of the the

file, file, preferably preferably double-spaced, double-spaced, on on which which to to note note the the changes changes must must be be

obtained. obtained.

4.3 4.3 DRAW DRAW THE THE NETWORK NETWORK CHANGES CHANGES ON ON THE THE BLUE-LINE BLUE-LINE WORK WORK MAP MAP

Additions Additions to to the the base base network network should should be be sketched sketched on on the the blue-line blue-line maps maps

and and links links to to be be deleted deleted should should be be marked marked through. through. The The data data items items that that

will will be be inked inked on on the the mylar mylar later later should should be be noted noted on on the the prints; prints; direc- direc-

tional tional arrows arrows should should be be shown shown in in the the case case of of one-way one-way streets; streets; facility facility

type type and and number number of of lanes lanes should should be be marked, marked, and and construction construction codes codes should should

be be indicated indicated if if they they are are being being used used in in the the study. study. Node Node numbers numbers should should be be

written written on on the the prints; prints; they they should should conform conform with with the the systematic systematic numbering numbering

scheme. scheme. If nodes nodes are are eliminated, eliminated, their their numbers numbers should should not not be be reused. reused.

4.4 4.4 PREPARE PREPARE THE THE MYLAR MYLAR NETWORK NETWORK MAPS MAPS

If If the the alternative alternative is is important important enough enough to to justify justify a a mylar mylar base base map, map, the the

changes changes indicated indicated on on the the blue-line blue-line print print should should be be carefully carefully transfered transfered

to to the the mylar. mylar. The The descriptions descriptions of of alternatives alternatives that that appear appear in in the the bottom bottom

margin margin should should also also be be changed changed (see (see Chapter Chapter 5). 5).

4.5 4.5 CODE CODE THE THE NETWORK NETWORK CHANGES CHANGES

All All network network changes changes should should be be coded coded on on a a list list of of the the highway highway network network

link link file. file. Most Most of of the the data data will will already already be be marked marked on on the the blue-line blue-line

work work maps. maps. District District numbers numbers should should be be determined determined by by comparing comparing the the blue- blue-

line line work work map map with with the the blue-line blue-line district district map. map. After After the the network network data data

64 64

have have been been coded, coded, the the modifications modifications should should be be entered entered into into a a duplicate duplicate of of

the the highway highway network network link link file file data data set. set. The The standard standard conventions conventions for for

naming naming data data sets sets should should be be followed followed in in creating creating the the duplicate duplicate file. file.

In addition addition to to modifying modifying the the link link file, file, coordinate coordinate card card images images for for each each

new new node node must must be be added added to to the the coordinate coordinate file. file. Unless Unless there there is is a a very very

large large number number of of new new nodes, nodes, the the digitization digitization should should be be done done manually. manually.

The The new new coordinate coordinate card card images images should should be be added added to to the the coordinate coordinate file file

using using TSO. TSO. Since Since node node numbers numbers are are not not reused reused and and since since nodes nodes that that appear appear

in in the the coordinate coordinate file file but but not not in in the the link link file file are are not not flagged flagged as as errors, errors,

a a single single coordinate coordinate file file can can be be maintained maintained for for each each urban urban area. area.

4.6 4.6 PLOT PLOT THE THE NETWORK NETWORK

The The network network should should be be plotted plotted to to show show 1 1 inks inks and and nodes, nodes, node node numbers, numbers, and

centroid centroid connectors, connectors, as as explained explained in in section section 2.13. 2.13. After After errors errors in in the the

network network have have been been corrected, corrected, the the network network data data should should be be plotted plotted as as ex- ex-

plained plained in in section section 2.2.1 2.2.1 With With the the correction correction of of all all errors errors and and plotting plotting

of of data, data, the the network network is is ready ready for for use use in in the the travel travel demand demand models. models.

65 65

5. 5. STANDARD STANDARD DATA DATA SET SET NAMES NAMES

The The FDOT FDOT Urban Urban Transportation Transportation Planning Planning Procedure Procedure T-3 T-3 defines defines conven- conven-

tions tions for for naming naming data data sets. sets. These These conventions conventions simplify simplify the the understand- understand-

ing ing of of data data set set names names by by different different users, users, and and they they must must be be applied applied if if

the the Driver Driver command command procedures procedures are are to to be be used. used. This This chapter chapter describes describes

the the conventions conventions in in detail. detail.

5.1 5.1 COMPONENTS COMPONENTS OF OF DATA DATA SET SET NAMES NAMES

Data Data set set names names can can be be constructed constructed from from the the components components presented presented in in Ta- Ta-

bles bles 5-l 5-l through through 5-6. 5-6. These These components components are are called called fields, fields, and and are are com- com-

posed posed of of up up to to eight eight characters. characters. A A word word can can have as many as eight char-

acters and can be made from from one one or or more more fields. fields. A A data data set set name name com- com-

prises prises one one or or more more words words separated separated by by decimal decimal points. points. A A data data set set name name

describes describes the the contents contents of of the the data data set, set, and and each each data data storage storage device device

has has different different requirements requirements for for the the format format of of the the name. name.

The The most most often often used used string string of of characters characters is is "PL931," "PL931," an an identification identification

for for the the Bureau Bureau of of Urbanized Urbanized Area Area Systems Systems Planning. Planning. The The other other fields fields

serve serve the the following following functions: functions:

. Study Study area area ID ID - - These These two-character two-character fields fields identify identify the the

urban urban area area transportation transportation study study for for which which the the data data are are

used used (Table (Table 5-l). 5-l).

. Standard Standard data data descriptions descriptions - - These These fields fields provide provide a a techni- techni-

cal cal description description of of the the kind kind of of data data in in the the data data set set (Table (Table

5-2). 5-2).

. Standard Standard optional optional words words - - These These words words can can be be used used to to clarify clarify

the the contents contents of of the the data data set set (Tab?e (Tab?e 5-3). 5-3).

66 66

TABLE TABLE 5-l 5-l

STANDARD STANDARD TWO-CHARACTER TWO-CHARACTER STUDY STUDY AREA AREA IDENTIFICATION IDENTIFICATION

Abbreviation Abbreviation Urban Urban Area Area Transportation Transportation Study Study

BA BA

BE BE

BO BO

FP FP

FT FT

FT FT

GA GA

JA

LE LE

MI

NA

OC

PA

PB PB

PE PE

PI

PO

SM

TB

TL TL

TM TM

vo vo

Bay Bay County County Transportation Transportation Study Study

Brevard Brevard Area Area Transportation Transportation Study Study

Broward Broward Area Area Transportation Transportation Study Study

Ft. Ft. Pierce Pierce Transportation Transportation Study Study

FTOWN FTOWN (test (test data data set) set)

Ft. Ft. Walton Walton Transportation Transportation Study Study

Gainesville Gainesville Urban Urban Area Area Transportation Transportation Study Study

Jacksonville Jacksonville Urban Urban Area Area Transportation Transportation Study Study

Lee County Transportation Study

Miami Miami Urban Urban Area Area Transportation Transportation Study Study

Naples Naples Transportation Transportation Study Study

Ocala Ocala Transportation Transportation Study Study

Pasco Pasco Transportation Transportation Study Study

West West Palm Palm Beach Beach Urban Urban Area Area Transportation Transportation Study Study

Pensacola Pensacola Urban Urban Area Area Transportation Transportation Study Study

Pinellas Pinellas Area Area Transportation Transportation Study Study

Polk Polk County County Transportation Transportation Study Study

Sarasota-Manatee Sarasota-Manatee Area Area Transportation Transportation Study Study

Tampa Tampa Bay Bay Regional Regional Transportation Transportation Study Study (com- (com- bines bines Pinellas Pinellas and and Tampa Tampa studies studies plus plus Pasco Pasco County) County)

Tallahassee Tallahassee Urban Urban Area Area Transportation Transportation Study Study

Tampa Tampa Urban Urban Area Area Transportation Transportation Study Study

Volusia Volusia County County Area Area Transportation Transportation Study Study

Source: Source: Florida Florida Department Department of of Transportation. Transportation.

67 67

TABLE TABLE 5-2 5-2

STANDARD STANDARD NETWORK-RELATED NETWORK-RELATED DATA DATA DESCRIPTIONS DESCRIPTIONS

Abbreviation Abbreviation Definition Definition

AT AT Area Area Type Type

EVAL EVAL Evaluation Evaluation

FT FT Facility Facility Type Type

HASSIGN HASSIGN HNET HNET HR HR HRLD HRLD HRLDXY HRLDXY HRXY HRXY HWY HWY

Highway Highway Assignment Assignment Highway Highway Network Network Highway Highway Historical Historical Record Record Loaded Loaded Highway Highway Historical Historical Record Record Loaded Loaded Historical Historical Record Record with with Coordinates Coordinates Highway Highway Historical Historical Record Record with with Coordinates Coordinates Highway Highway

LINKS LINKS LN LN LS LS

Link Link Cards Cards Lanes Lanes Level Level of of Service Service

PLOT PLOT Plots Plots

TAZ TAZ Traffic Traffic Analysis Analysis Zone Zone

VCAP VCAP VCNT VCNT

Volume Volume and and Capacity Capacity Volume Volume and and County County

XY XY Coordinate Coordinate

Y Year Year

Source: Source: Florida Florida Department Department of of Transportation:-* Transportation:-*

68 68

TABLE TABLE 5-3 5-3

STANDARD STANDARD NETWORK-RELATED NETWORK-RELATED OPTIONAL OPTIONAL WORDS WORDS

Abbreviation Abbreviation Definition Definition

ALT ALT Alternate Alternate AP AP Adopted Adopted

EDIT EDIT Edit Edit EPA EPA Existing Existing Plus Plus Assured Assured EPC EPC Existing Existing Plus Plus Committed Committed EXTG EXTG Existing Existing

INTM INTM Interim Interim

REV REV Revised Revised RP RP Recommended Recommended Plan Plan

UPD UPD Update Update

Source: Source: Florida Florida Department Department of of Transportation. Transportation.

69 69

. Category Category fields fields - - These These one-digit one-digit fields fields describe describe the the con- con-

tents tents of of a a magnetic magnetic tape tape data data set, set, and and are are used used to to save save space space

because because a a tape tape data data set set can can contain contain only only seventeen seventeen characters characters

(Table (Table 5-4). 5-4).

. Data Data type type words words - - Data Data type type words words (Table (Table 5-5) 5-5) describe describe the the

data data processing processing characteristics characteristics of of the the data. data.

. Year/alternative/version Year/alternative/version field field - - This This field field describes describes the the

planned planned years years and and alternative alternative designation designation of of the the network network

(Table (Table 5-6). 5-6).

DATA DATA is is usually usually information information read read or or written written by by another another program. program. CNTL CNTL

data data sets sets contain contain job job control control language, language, are are usually usually job job set-ups, set-ups, and and are are

the the data data sets sets submitted submitted using using the the TSO TSO QSUB QSUB command. command. CLIST CLIST data data sets sets are are

TSO TSO command command procedures procedures that that are are executed executed in in the the foreground. foreground. FORT FORT data data

sets sets contain contain only only FORTRAN FORTRAN statements statements and and are are called called by by the the foreground foreground

FORTRAN FORTRAN compiler compiler or or by by a a batch batch job job FORTRAN FORTRAN compiler compiler step. step. LOAD LOAD data data

sets sets are are produced produced by by a a FORTRAN FORTRAN compiler compiler and and cannot cannot be be edited edited with with the the

TSO TSO full-screen full-screen editor editor (QED). (QED).

5.2 5.2 ON-LINE ON-LINE DISK DISK DATA DATA SET SET NAMES NAMES

Frequently Frequently used used data data sets sets are are usually usually stored stored on on the the on-line on-line disk disk packs. packs.

Data Data sets sets must must be be on-line on-line if if they they are are to to be be edited edited with with QED. QED.

On-line On-line data data set set names names take take the the general general form form shown shown in in Table Table 5-7. 5-7. Fields Fields

1, 1, 2, 2, 3, 3, and and 9 9 must must be be included included in in the the data data set set name. name. Field Field 2 2 identifies identifies

the the study study area. area. Fields Fields 3 3 through through 5 5 describe describe the the data. data. Fields Fields 6 6 and and 7 7

70 70

TABLE TABLE 5-4 5-4

CATEGORY CATEGORY FIELD FIELD DEFINITIONS DEFINITIONS

Category Category Definition Definition

Survey Survey records records Inactive Inactive land land use/socioeconomic use/socioeconomic data data Inactive Inactive link/coordinate link/coordinate data data Trip Trip tables tables Other Other zonal zonal matrices matrices (not (not used) used) (not (not used) used) (not (not used) used) Miscellaneous Miscellaneous

Source: Source: Florida Florida Department Department of of Transportation. Transportation.

TABLE TABLE 5-5 5-5

DATA DATA TYPE TYPE WORDS WORDS

Word Word

DATA DATA CNTL CNTL CLIST CLIST FORT FORT LOAD LOAD

Description Description

General General data data (EBCDIC (EBCDIC or or machine machine code) code) A A file file containing containing Job Control Control Language Language A A file file containing containing TSO TSO commands commands A A file file containing containing only only FORTRAN FORTRAN statements statements A A file file containing containing a a FORTRAN FORTRAN load load module module in in machine machine code code

Source: Source: Schimpeler.Corradino Schimpeler.Corradino Associates. Associates.

TABLE TABLE 5-6 5-6

YEAR/ALTERNATIVE/VERSION YEAR/ALTERNATIVE/VERSION WORDS WORDS

Field Field

Year Year

Description Description Columns Columns

"Y" "Y" and and the the last last two two digits digits of of 3 3 the the year year

Alternative A A single single letter letter (A-Z) (A-Z) 1 1

Version Version A A single single integer integer (l-9) (l-9) 1 1

TOTAL TOTAL 5 5

Source: Source: Schimpeler*Corradino Schimpeler*Corradino Associates. Associates.

71 71

TABLE TABLE 5-7 5-7

ONLINE ONLINE DISK DISK DATA DATA SET SET NAMES NAMES

PLg31 PLg31 Xx Xx . . TTAB TTAB l HWY HWY . . TRN TRN . . Y80 Y80 Al Al l $V_ e DATA DATA 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

Source Source Field Field Description Description Table Table

1 1 PL931 PL931 (no (no options) options) None None

2 2 Study Study area area ID (mandatory) (mandatory) 5-l 5-l

3 3 Primary Primary data data description description word word (mandatory) (mandatory) 5-2 5-2

4 4 Secondary Secondary data data description description word word 5-2 5-2

5 5 Tertiary Tertiary data data description description word word 5-2 5-2

6 6 Y Y (year) (year) and and last last two two digits digits of of the the year year 5-6 5-6

7 7 Two-character Two-character alternative/version alternative/version designation designation 5-6 5-6

8 8 Optional Optional word word 5-3 5-3

9 9 Data Data type type word word (mandatory) (mandatory) 5-5 5-5

Note: The The entire entire data data set set name, name, including including decimals, decimals, may may con- con- tain tain a a maximum maximum of of 41 41 characters. characters. Data Data set set names names cannot cannot contain contain imbedded imbedded blanks; blanks; the the blanks blanks in in the the example example above above show show the the division division between between fields fields and and words. words.

Source: Source: Florida Florida Department Department of of Transportation. Transportation.

72 72

designate designate the the year year and and alternative, alternative, respectively. respectively. Field Field 8 8 contains contains the the

optional optional description description word. word. Fields Fields 4 4 and and 8 8 are are optional. optional. An An on-line on-line disk disk

data data set set name name cannot cannot be be more more than than 41 41 characters characters long. long.

5.3 5.3 OFF-LINE OFF-LINE DISK DISK DATA DATA SET SET NAMES NAMES

Less Less frequently frequently used used data data sets sets are are stored stored on on off-line off-line disk disk packs. packs. These These

data data sets sets must must be be moved moved on-line on-line before before they they can can be be edited edited with with QED QED or or

used used in in a a foreground foreground procedure. procedure. An An off-line off-line disk disk data data set set can can be be

accessed accessed only only by by a a background background job. job.

Off-line Off-line disk disk data data set set names names are are very very similar similar to to on-line on-line names, names, with with two two

exceptions exceptions (Table (Table 5-8): 5-8): off-line off-line disk disk data data set set names names can can contain contain as as

many many as as 44 44 characters, characters, and and all all off-line off-line names names contain contain "PL931OL" "PL931OL" in in field field

1 1 (the (the study study area area identification identification appears appears as as a a second second word word in in field field 2). 2).

73 73

TABLE TABLE 5-8 5-8

OFFLINE OFFLINE DISK DISK DATA DATA SET SET NAMES NAMES

PL93lOL PL93lOL . . XX XX . . TTAB TTAB . . TRN TRN . . YOO YOO Al Al . . . . DATA DATA 2 2

HwJ. HwJ. 1 1 3 3 4 4 5 5

REV_ REV_ 6 6 7 7 8 8 9 9

Field Field Description Description Source Source Table Table

1 1 PL931OL PL931OL (no (no options) options)

2 2 Study Study area area ID (mandatory) (mandatory)

3 3 Primary Primary data data description description word word (mandatory) (mandatory)

4 4 Secondary Secondary data data description description word word

5 5 Tertiary Tertiary data data description description word word

6 6 Y Y (year) (year) and and last last two two digits digits of of the the year year

None None

5-l 5-l

5-2 5-2

5-2 5-2

5-2 5-2

5-6 5-6

7 7 Two-character Two-character alternative/version alternative/version designation designation 5-6 5-6

8 8 Optional Optional word word 5-3 5-3

9 9 Data Data type type word word (mandatory) (mandatory) 5-5 5-5

Note: Note: The The entire entire data data set set name, name, including including decimals, decimals, may may contain contain a a maximum maximum of of 44 44 characters. characters. Data Data set set names names cannot cannot contain contain imbedded imbedded blanks; blanks; the the blanks blanks in in the the example example above above show show the the division division between between fields fields or or words. words.

Source: Source: Schimpeler.Corradino Schimpeler.Corradino Associates. Associates.

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