Urbanization in the Brazilian Hinterland’s ‘Forgotten Century’ — Growth Patterns in...
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URBANISATION IN THE BRAZILIAN HIGHLAND’S ‘FORGOTTEN CENTURY’: GROWTH PATTERNS IN PLANALTINA Pedro Paulo Palazzo Assistant Professor Laboratório de Estudos da Urbe — LabeUrbe University of Brasilia School of Architecture [email protected]
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Transcript of Urbanization in the Brazilian Hinterland’s ‘Forgotten Century’ — Growth Patterns in...
URBANISATION IN THE BRAZILIAN HIGHLAND’S ‘FORGOTTEN CENTURY’: !GROWTH PATTERNS IN PLANALTINAPedro Paulo Palazzo Assistant Professor Laboratório de Estudos da Urbe — LabeUrbe University of Brasilia School of Architecture [email protected]
THE FORGOTTEN CENTURYEconomic and demographic stagnation in mining regions, c. 1780–1880 !New agricultural settlements in Goiás known from c. 1845 onwards
• Ridge-top towns • Streets as roads • Monuments on prominent
topographical situation !
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• Ouro Preto (inhabited 1697, incorporated 1711)
CANONICAL MODEL OF PORTUGUESE-BRAZILIAN URBANISM
• Urbanisation around river valleys • Narrow and deep lots
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• Goiás, incorporated 1727
CANONICAL MODEL OF PORTUGUESE-BRAZILIAN URBANISM
• Attached houses, no setbacks • One-story or two-story colonial
types (“casa de meia morada”) !
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• Goiás, incorporated 1727
CANONICAL MODEL OF PORTUGUESE-BRAZILIAN URBANISM
CANONICAL MODEL OF PORTUGUESE-BRAZILIAN URBANISM• Even planned towns with regular
street grids follow similar patterns !
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• Mariana, incorporated 1712
Location of Goiás state and Planaltina
Highways through Goiás, 1736–1938 Redrawn after a map by Ana Laterza
Saint Sebastian Chapel Built 1811, enlarged 1880, renovated 1911
SITE• Not on a major ridge, but near
swampy stream • Away from main road • But critical passage • Chapel built mid-slope, not
prominent location • Urban growth away from church
and stream, not around them
PUBLIC SPACE• First main street follows
secondary ridge, other streets roughly parallel to contour lines
• Urban growth away from church
PUBLIC SPACE• First main street follows
secondary ridge, other streets roughly parallel to contour lines
• Urban growth away from church • Goiás Avenue: around 1880–1895,
parallel to first and aligned with a stream ford
PUBLIC SPACE• First main street follows
secondary ridge, other streets roughly parallel to contour lines
• Urban growth away from church • Goiás Avenue: around 1880–1895,
parallel to first and aligned with a stream ford
• Cemetery 1893
PUBLIC SPACE• First main street follows
secondary ridge, other streets roughly parallel to contour lines
• Urban growth away from church • Goiás Avenue: around 1880–1895,
parallel to first and aligned with a stream ford
• Cemetery 1893 • Major urban expansion 1921
PUBLIC SPACE• First main street follows
secondary ridge, other streets roughly parallel to contour lines
• Urban growth away from church • Goiás Avenue: around 1880–1895,
parallel to first and aligned with a stream ford
• Cemetery 1893 • Major urban expansion 1921 • Public Buildings 1929–1942
Town Hall
School Town Council
Parish Church
PUBLIC SPACE• First main street follows
secondary ridge, other streets roughly parallel to contour lines
• Urban growth away from church • Goiás Avenue: around 1880–1895,
parallel to first and aligned with a stream ford
• Cemetery 1893 • Major urban expansion 1921 • Public Buildings 1929–1942 • Road to south-east 1938
PUBLIC SPACE• First main street follows
secondary ridge, other streets roughly parallel to contour lines
• Urban growth away from church • Goiás Avenue: around 1880–1895,
parallel to first and aligned with a stream ford
• Cemetery 1893 • Major urban expansion 1921 • Public Buildings 1929–1942 • Road to south-east 1938 • Regular subdivision
Treze de Maio Street looking west, 2012
Praça da República (now Salviano Monteiro Square), c. 1935 Author unknown, Federal District Public Archive
Goiás Avenue, c. 1945 Author unknown, holdings of the Federal District Culture Department
Salvador Coelho Avenue looking north, c. 1925–1965 Author unknown, holdings of the Federal District Culture Department
PARCELLING• Income for church holdings
PARCELLING• Income for church holdings • First stage: wide, shallow and
irregular lots
PARCELLING• Income for church holdings • First stage: wide, shallow, and
irregular lots • Second stage: wide, shallow, and
somewhat regular lots
PARCELLING• Income for church holdings • First stage: wide, shallow, and
irregular lots • Second stage: wide, shallow, and
somewhat regular lots • Third stage: regular and repetitive
land subdivision
PARCELLING• Income for church holdings • First stage: wide, shallow, and
irregular lots • Second stage: wide, shallow, and
somewhat regular lots • Third stage: regular and repetitive
land subdivision • Fourth stage: infill and
subdivision within preexisting blocks
Two land subdivision plans for Planaltina Left: Velusiano Antônio da Silva, 1958 (Public Archive of the Federal District) Right: Paulo Magalhães, 1966 (Federal District Culture Department)
BUILDING TYPES• Traditional colonial housing plans • Transitional and eclectic plans • Side yards everywhere
BUILDING TYPES• Traditional colonial housing types
(blue) • Transitional and eclectic types
(green) • Post-1969 affordable houses
(brown)
“House of Dona Negrinha” in Planaltina, c. 1896 Photo: 2010 Plan: as surveyed in 2010 (Leandro Peredo)
“Blue House” in Planaltina, 1926 Photo: author unknown, c. 1926–1938 (Federal District Culture Department) Plan: as surveyed in 2009
Houses (c. 1940–1965) on Hugo Lobo Street Photo: Alessio Gallizio, 2012
URBANISATION IN THE BRAZILIAN HIGHLAND’S ‘FORGOTTEN CENTURY’: !GROWTH PATTERNS IN PLANALTINAPedro Paulo Palazzo Assistant Professor Laboratório de Estudos da Urbe — LabeUrbe University of Brasilia School of Architecture [email protected]
