Urbanisation- sensitive Programming
Transcript of Urbanisation- sensitive Programming
Virtual Meeting, 15th April 2021
Urbanisation-sensitive Programming:
Urbanise your thinking
Relevance of the two strategic directions
I. Promoting more inclusive, resilient and sustainable
urban systems
• Cities are becoming key actors for development
policies• Inclusive development of small- and middle sized
cities in LMIC
II. Strengthening the positive linkages and dynamics of
rural-urban systems
• Increasingly interrelated dynamics between urban and
rural areas• Potential of small- and middle-sized cities for poverty
reduction and interconnection with bigger cities
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SDC’s current urban engagement | Learning Journey on urban-rural linkages
in September 2019…
68%100%
by 2050
urban
urbanised
urban development
⇳development in
an urbanising context
“urbanise your thinking”
urban system
Big Center Small Center Intermediate Center Sub Center
Christaller’s Central Place Theory
urban system > ∑(all cities)
Bright lights of the city → Harris & Todaro (1970)
https://wallhere.com/en/wallpaper/629514
Conditio Urbana
where ?⮑ geo-referencing
Geo-referencingspatial character of data
and information, understanding of spatial characteristics of places and connections/ links
Locationbeing in a space, using
a space
Density spatial presence of
people, infrastructure, forms of capital, interactions, movements, ideas
Habitat spatial morphologies
with all their attributes
Territory spatial demarcations with
legal implications, ownership (tenure) & rights linked to a space
Mobility spatial movement of
people, capital, service, goods, finances, information
through spaceAccessibility spatial determination of
opportunity, proximity & affordability of locations and interlinkage between locations
Transaction along spatial dimensions,
like trade, exchange and sharing, connectivity/ connections, transit
Systemsspatial organisation
among different entities like metropolitan areas, corridors, inter-city systems
“Space” changes everything
Thinking through dimensions of urbanisation
densification
economic engines
spatial justice
spat
ial d
ata/
info
informal system
stransactions
land
acce
ssib
ility
basic services
innovation
10 dimensions driving/ driven by
urbanisation
****
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2
3
4
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8
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spa$al data/ informa$on
1
economicengines
2
intensifica)on3
spa$al jus$ce
4*
https://www.learning.uclg.org/public-space-right-city
informal systems
5*
Respond instantly & flexibly to situational
change
Exploit marginal space to
manoeuvre
Accumulate marginal profits/
benefits
Feed on near-subsistence levels of “productivity”/
livelihoods
Turn voids/ gaps in systems into
opportunities
Informal Systems
Informal Sector
(Economy)
Informal Settlements
Informal Governance
Informal Entitlements
& rights
accessibility
Rode, P., Heeckt, C., da Cruz, N.F. 2019. National Transport Policy and Cities
6*
THE URBAN ACCESSIBILITY NEXUS
Rode, P., Heeckt, C., da Cruz, N.F. 2019. National Transport Policy and Cities
land7*
transac$ons8
Information
Supplying & selling (produce, water, bioenergy, …) with or without processing/ value addition
Delivering services
Rural migration (permanent)
Family/ social bonds/ relationships
Short-term mobility (consumption, labour, market access, urban services, infrastructure, …)
Leisure/ recreation
Remittances
Economic growth & job creation
basic services
Connecting Systems of Secondary Cities | 21
Collaboration between cities, especially industry clusters, helps to overcome scale issues for some economic activities and reduce common-user costs of infrastructure and services. It could also help sub-national systems of secondary cities to create sub-markets and value-adding opportunities to compete against the dominance of goods and services produced and supplied by metropolitan regions. In some instances, the combined populations and markets of collaborative networks of regional cities are larger than the largest metropolitan region. For example, the UK Core Cities Network (Core Cities, 2010) was established to compete against the market power and dominance of London.
Figure 2.2 shows two models used in supporting the development of systems of secondary cities. The traditional hierarchical model is shown on the left — the orientation of trade, investment, political systems, and transportation is towards the capital city. There are lateral connections between the systems of cities along the corridors, and the focus of value-adding and supply chains is oriented to the country’s largest city. In European and some East Asian countries, such as Japan and Korea, the spatial concentration and range of cities are much more closely knit, and there are significant historical city-to-city links based on trade and manufacturing. Today, with the hollowing out of manufacturing, the orientation of economic activities is much stronger in the capital cities or large metropolitan regions. This is very apparent in the USA, showing significant widening of regional disparities within systems of cities (Florida, 2018).
SUB SYSTEMS OF INDUSTRY SECTORS AND CLUSTERS OF ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES
Inte
rnat
ion
Bord
er
Small Cities
Small Cities
Small Cities
Small Cities
Small Cities
Secondary City
MetropolitanRegion City
MetropolitanRegion City
Secondary City
Secondary City FUNCTIONAL
LINKAGES
AB
CE
F
AB
CE
F
AB
CE
F
Traditional hierarchical linksLateral and non hierarchical linksValue and cluster supply chain linksIndustry clusters engaged in value adding to supply chainst
AB
CE
F
Secondary City
Secondary City
Secondary City
Small Cities
Small Cities
Small Cities
Small Cities
Small Cities
Small Cities
Small Cities
Small Cities
Small Cities
FIGURE 2.1 Emerging systems of cities and connectivity.
Source: AuthorCities Alliance (2019), Connecting Systems of Secondary Cities
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innova$on10
urbanisationdevelopment work
… along those 10 dimensions