Upgrades of Particle Factories - lnf.infn.it filee+e- in the 1-2 GeV range - September 2003 Upgrades...

e+e- in the 1-2 GeV range -September 2003

Upgrades of Particle Factories

C. BiscariLNF - INFN

e+e- in the 1-2 GeV range: -September 2003

1029

1030

1031

1032

1033

1034

1035

1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

DAFNE

ADONE

VEPP2M

BEPC

SPEAR

KEK B

PEP II

DORIS

CESR

VEPP4M

LEPTRISTAN

LUMINOSITY / TIME until 2003 e+ e- circular colliders

PETRA


1029

1030

1031

1032

1033

1034

1035

1 10 100

DAFNE

ADONE

VEPP2M

BEPCSPEAR

KEK BPEP II

DORIS

CESR

VEPP4M

LEPTRISTAN

LUMINOSITY / ENERGY CM (GeV) at present

PETRA

E (GeV)

The annihilation production cross section in e+e- collisions and the necessary integrated luminosity scale with Energy:

21 EL ∝∝∝∝∝∝∝∝σσσσ

Integrated luminosity by KEKB, PEPII and DAΦΦΦΦNE

0

50

100

150

200

1999 2000 2001 2002 2003

KEK LtPEP II LtDAFNE Lt

2000

1500

1000

50

0

fb-1 pb-1

-> factor 100

1

10

100

1000

104

2000 2004 2008 2012 2016 2020

KEK LtPEP II LtDAFNE Lt

105

104

1000

100

10

fb-1 pb-1

> 100fb-1< 1 fb-11ΦΦΦΦ

500pb-1< 10pb-12light quarks

>100fb-1< 1 fb-13.9ττττ

10ab-1~ 300 fb-110.6B

requested

∫∫∫∫ Llogged

∫∫∫∫ L

Ecm

GeV requested ∫∫∫∫L for next collider generations


1029

1030

1031

1032

1033

1034

1035

1036

1037

1 10 100 1000

VLLC

ADONE

VEPP2000

KEK B and PEP II

KEK BPEP II

CESR

DAFNE

DAFNEBEPCII

CESRc

Ecm

(GeV)

L (cm-2sec-1)

VEPP2M

LEPTRISTAN

PETRA

VEPP4MDORIS

SPEARBEPC

COLLIDERSFACTORIES

SUPER FACTORIES

PAST, PRESENT AND FUTURE


1032_2DAFNE2>10337.8 10311DAΦΦΦΦNE

1032_1 - 2VEPP2000103310312 – 5.6BEPC

0.15-1.3 10331.3 10333-10.6CESR10366.6 103310.6PEP-II10361.06 103410.6KEK-B

LfutureLnowEcm (GeV)

B-Factories


present status

1.06 1034 May03KEKB

6.6 1033 June03 PEP II

Design

super B factories

952476476509509fRF (MHz)2.354.82.07.84.1I - (A) 10.311.04.517.29.4I+ (A)70003400170050185018N bunches0.100.100.080.20.05ξξξξ

(v)

0.100.100.080.10.068ξξξξ

(h )

15100 - 4015θθθθ (mrad)

0.440.440.440.332εεεε (n rad) (v)

4444443333εεεε (n rad) (h)0.00150.00370.00650.0030.003ββββ* (m) (v)

0.150.30.51530ββββ* (m) (h)

100202.5 - 440-10010L (1034 cm-2s-1 )21992199219930163016C (m)8.08.09.08.08.0E - (GeV)3.53.53.13.53.5E + (GeV)

HyperSupernextHyperSuperPEP IIKEK-B


1034 PEP II

increase n. of bunchesincrease currents

feedback – substitute longitudinal kickeradd solenoids - ECI

MIA (correction algorithm)

2-4 1034 PEP IIlowering ββββy

increase rf powershortening bunch length

increase nb (4 nsec spacing) ->1700 (x2)small θθθθ

∼∼∼∼ 4444 mrad


1035 PEP II

Increase n of bunches x 2feedback upgrade (2 nsec)diminish beam asymmetry

lowering ββββy : nearer quads IPincrease N+ N-

increase εεεεxincrease θθθθ

∼ 10 mrad

−−−−++++==== EEEcm 4

++++

−−−−

−−−−

++++

====EN

EN

++++−−−− ≈≈≈≈ ρρρρρρρρ 10

101

44 −−−−−−−−++++++++

++++∝∝∝∝EIEIUo

2

2,5

3

3,5

4

320

325

330

335

340

345

350

355

360

7,5 8 8,5 9 9,5

E+ (GeV) Uo (a.u.)

E- (GeV)


1035 KEK-B

Increase n of bunches x4lowering ββββy

increase N+ N-increase εεεεx

increase rf power

vacuum chamber designrfshields

beam energy switch for ECI

Beam

SR Cooling water

Pump

LER arc section


0 0.5 1m

��H��

��

��

��

��

(LBP)

��

�� SBP)

��

��

� ��

��

��

Superconducting Damped Cavity for KEKB��


Higher acceleration field scheme for 8 GeV e+

��

HER� � � � ��

e- Gun

DampingRing1.7-GeV

J-arc for e–

LER

e+ target

E(e–)=3.5 GeV, Q(e–)=10 nC to targetQ(e–)=5 nC for Injection

E(e+)=1.0 GeV

E(e–)=3.5GeV, Q(e–)=5 nC

E(e+)=8.0 GeV, Q(e+)=1.2 nC

Q(e+)=1.2nC

��

2-Bunches for Simultaneous Injection1-st bunch -> e- Injection2-nd bunch -> e+ production

S-band accl. units are replacedwith C-band units.Accl. Field 21 -> 41 MV/m

e+ Damping Ring for loweremittance•


Layout of beam lines at IR

Half crossing angle : 15 mrad

Final focusing quadrupoles (QCS) locate at the position as close to the IP as possible.Pos. from the IP Super-KEKB KEKB

QCS-R 1163.3 mm 1920 mmQCS-L 969.4 mm 1600 mm

The QCS magnets are overlaid with the compensation solenoids (ES).compact & short in z

N. Ohuchi et al.


1036 PEP II

Increase n of bunches x 2 : 7000

frf x2 : 950 MHZfeedback upgrade (<1 nsec)

lowering ββββy nearer quads iPdecrease N+ N-

increase θθθθ ∼∼∼∼ 15151515

mrad


PEP-II IR for L = 1036


1036 KEK-B

Increase bunch current x 2(I+ 17A, I-8A)

same nb

b-b with crab crossing 0 crossing anglelower coupling

high b-b tune shift

θθθθx = 0 mradθθθθx = 15 mrad

w-s

Crab crossing

• Bunches are tilted by crab cavities.

Crabcavity

Crabcavity

Crabcavity

Crabcavity

Tiltedbunch

Effectivehead-on collision

finite crossingangle

Ohnishi - 1036 Workshop at SLAC, May 8, 2003

Crab cavity• Squashed cell operating in

TM2-1-0 (x-y-z)• Coaxial beam pipe +

HOM dampers• Designed for 1– 2A beam

• Squashed cell operating in TM2-1-0

• HOM damping using wave guides without coaxial beam pipe damper

K. Hosoyama and K. Akai et al.

Absorbing materialNotch filter

Absorbing material

Squashed Crab cavity for B-factories

Coaxial beam pipeCooling for inner conductor

(axial view)

inner conductor

"Squashed cell"

(K. Akai et al., Proc. B-factories, SLAC-400 p.181 (1992).)

New design for SuperKEKB, 10A beam

Present design for KEKBtest before 2005

super B factories

952476476509509fRF (MHz)2.354.82.07.84.1I - (A) 10.311.04.517.29.4I+ (A)70003400170050185018N bunches0.100.100.080.20.05ξξξξ

(v)

0.100.100.080.10.068ξξξξ

(h )

15100 - 4015θθθθ (mrad)

0.440.440.440.332εεεε (n rad) (v)

4444443333εεεε (n rad) (h)0.00150.00370.00650.0030.003ββββ* (m) (v)

0.150.30.51530ββββ* (m) (h)

100202.5 - 440-10010L (1034 cm-2s-1 )21992199219930163016C (m)8.08.09.08.08.0E - (GeV)3.53.53.13.53.5E + (GeV)

HyperSupernextHyperSuperPEP IIKEK-B


1032_2DAFNE2>10337.8 10311DAΦΦΦΦNE

1032_1 - 2VEPP2000103310312 – 5.6BEPC II

0.15-1.3 10331.3 10333-10.6CESR10365.2 103310.6PEP-II10369.7 103310.6KEK-B


ττττ-charm factories

ττττ-charm factories

21rings

1.510V (MV)

499.8500.0fRF (MHz)

0.91.18I (A)

9345N bunches

0.04 / 0.040.03 / 0.03ξξξξ

(h / v)

4.86.4Nb (1010)

1.51.0σσσσz (cm)

0.40.07φφφφ

(rad)

±±±± 11±±±±2.8θθθθ (mrad)

0.17 / 0.0020.22εεεε (µµµµ rad) (h / v)

1 / .0150.7/0.7/0.7/0.7/

0.0110.0110.0110.011ββββ* (m) (h / v)

11IPs

103L (1032 cm-2s-1 )

237.5768C (m)

1.891.88E (GeV)

in constructionoperatingstatus

BEPC II [3]CESRc[2 ]Collider


CESRc6 wigglers installed and in

commissioning Run @ 3 GeV since April ‘03

Other 6 wigglers will be installed in one year and CESR will run until 2008 at three energies between 3.1

and 4.1 GeV


Commissioning by 2006


1032_2DAFNE2>10337.8 10311DAΦΦΦΦNE

1032_1 - 2VEPP2000103310312 – 5.6BEPC

0.15-1.3 10331.3 10333-10.6CESR10365.2 103310.6PEP-II10369.7 103310.6KEK-B


Light Quark Factories

Light Quark Factories

0.250.12V (MV)

368.3172fRF (MHz)

0.450.20I (A)

301N bunches

0.014 / 0.0240.1 / 0.1ξξξξ

(h / v)

310Nb (1010)

1.13σσσσz (cm)

0.260φφφφ

(rad)

± 150θθθθ (mrad)

0.5 / 0.00250.136 / 0.136εεεε (µµµµ rad) (h / v)

1.5 / 0.0250.1 / 0.1ββββ* (m) (h / v)

12IPs

11L (1032 cm-2s-1 )

9724C (m)

1.1.E (GeV)design studyin constructionstatus

DAFNE 2VEPP2000Collider


Experimental testing of RCB should verify predictions on extremely high attainable space charge parameters for the round beams.

DAFNE2 (2 GeV, Frascati)Feasibility study

“Easier” luminosity than at ΦΦΦΦNaturally increase radiation damping and lifetime

b-b tune shifts / 2shorter bunch length (Ithrs *10) -> lower ββββy

roughly same L with I/2 and Nb = 3/5

hardware: dipoles, splitters, 20% of quads, IR


1032_2DAFNE2>10337.8 10311DAΦΦΦΦNE

1032_1 - 2VEPP2000103310312 – 5.6BEPC

0.15-1.3 10331.3 10333-10.6CESR10365.2 103310.6PEP-II10369.7 103310.6KEK-B


ΦΦΦΦ-Factories


DAΦΦΦΦNE

Restarting now with two solenoidal

detectors after a long shutdown

3 fb-1 by end 2005

L = 7.7 10 31

Φ - factories

0.2V (MV)368.3fRF (MHz)

1.8I (A) 100N bunches

0.027 / 0.043ξξξξ

(h / v)

3.6Nb (1010)2σσσσz (cm)

0.39φφφφ

(rad)

± 16θθθθ (mrad)

0.6 / 0.006εεεε (µµµµ rad) (h / v)

1 / 0.025ββββ* (m) (h / v)

1IPs> 1L (1032 cm-2s-1 )97C (m).51E (GeV)

until 2005statusDAΦΦΦΦNECollider


Super Φ factory

1033 attainable stressing present design1034 needs new ideas


‘non conventional’ L

Four beams• Why four beams ?

– Four beams is one method to compensate beam-beam effect to increase luminosity.

– The colliding bunches have neutral net charges and produce no beam-beam forces.

– This scheme was studied at DCI (Orsay) in ~1971(?).• Beam-beam limit was not significantly different from two beams. (G.

Arzelia et al.)

beam 2 e-beam 1 e-

beam 3 e+ beam 4 e+

8 GeV 3.5 GeV

collision

Ohnishi - 1036 Workshop at SLAC, May 8, 2003

Ohmi-Ohnishi et alKEKB

�We observe coherent motion in horizontal and incoherent motion in

vertical.�Stable region for tunes is very

small.�Vertical incoherent motion seems

to be correlated with horizontal coherent dipole motion.

�Feedback system may help to damp coherent dipole motions.

�Beam-beam compensation is not so good compared with four beams. ( Quadrupole and octupole motions

near resonance )


negative momentum compaction

ring against linac

monochromators

…


Dedicated to:

HIGH LUMINOSITYE+ E- COLLIDERS


CONCLUSIONS

2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014

KEK-B

PEP-II

CESRc

BEPC-II

VEPP200

DAFNE NOM

NOMNOM

NOM

X 4

X 4

X 10

X 10

X 10

X 100

X 100

X 100

X 100

CONSTR

CONSTR

NOM

NOM

LOW ENERGY

LIGHT QUARKS

Upgrades of Particle Factories - lnf.infn.it filee+e- in the 1-2 GeV range - September 2003 Upgrades...

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