T he Government of Indonesia has announced that PNPM Mandiri Rural will begin operating

in the same sub-districts as PNPM Generasi in 2010. Additional block grants have been approved to fund PNPM Mandiri Rural activities and facilitators are being recruited and trained for PNPM Mandiri Rural.

In May 2009, the second year of PNPM Generasi implementation wrapped up in all 176 existing sub-districts. Second year block grants have been fully disbursed in all sub-districts. The results from the second year of implementation will be finalized over the next few months.

In June 2009, the third cycle of PNPM Generasi be-gan in all 164 sub-districts across all five provinces. Due to local government budget constraints, all 14 sub-districts in Majalengka, West Java will not par-ticipate in the program in 2009. Sub-district facilita-tors have been demobilized and will be re-deployed to fill vacant PNPM Mandiri and Generasi positions elsewhere in West Java.

Also in June 2009, the first round of PNPM Generasi district and sub-district refresher training was con-ducted in all five provinces. This was the first time that refresher training has been conducted with PNPM Generasi facilitators since the program be-gan. The purpose of the training was to evaluate the program’s achievements to date and review the changes to the Program Manual in 2009 prior to the start of the new cycle.

Anticipating the 2010 implementation of PNPM Mandiri alongside PNPM Generasi, existing PNPM Generasi facilitators are undertaking informal so-cialization of PNPM Mandiri Rural in all 164 sub-districts. Supplementary guidelines on joint plan-ning and implementation arrangements have been sent to the field to ensure the smooth integration of PNPM Mandiri Rural activities.

Updates

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P NPM Generasi is social protection program launched by the Government of Indonesia in

July 2007 designed to address three of Indone-sia’s most critical health and education issues: universal basic education, reduction in child mor-tality, and improvement in maternal health. PNPM Generasi Sehat dan Cerdas means “A Healthy and Bright Generation.” A total of 2,144 villages and 3.1 million villagers have benefited from the program to date.

PNPM Generasi seeks to improve 12 basic health and education indicators. Villagers, with assis-tance from trained facilitators, use a participatory planning process to identify problems. The com-munity then uses its block grant funds to create local solutions. PNPM Generasi is part of the Government’s flagship poverty alleviation program, Program Nasional Pemberdayaan Masyarakat (PNPM) Mandiri or the National Program for Community Empowerment. PNPM Generasi is supported by the World Bank and PNPM Support Facility.

What is PNPM Generasi?

Also in this issue . . .

• Summary of Second Year Implementation p. 2

• Report from the Field: An Innovative Part-nership in East Nusa Tenggara (NTT)

p. 3

• First Round In-Service Training for PNPM Generasi Facilitators

p. 4

• Upcoming Activities p. 4

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O verall, the activities selected in 2009 were similar to those selected in the first year,

with most of the funds allocated for health and education activities.

In the second year of implementation, started in September 2008 to May 2009, PNPM Generasi required that 10% of the total funds for each vil-lage in Java and 25% of those outside of Java specifically target those not yet receiving the relevant health and education services and who are performing poorly against the 12 health and education indicators.

Funds Disbursement

During the second year approximately USD25 million in block grants were disbursed or 100% of the total funds. Approximately USD 4,6 million of this was allocated to those not yet receiving the relevant health and education services, equal to 15% of the total block grants across Java and outside of Java.

In addition, villages contributed roughly USD 815,000 of their own funds, equal to 3% of the total block grants. A total of 2,144 villages and 3,1 million villagers benefited from the program in the second year.

Activities Funded

Educational activities consumed USD13 million or 53% of the total funds, while USD 12 million or 47% was spent on health activities (see Diagram 1). Comparing to the first year implementation, the total funds in the second year allocated for health activities increased by 4% while the funds allocated for education activities decreased by 3% narrowing the gap between health and edu-cation spending.

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Summar y of Second Year Implementation

Education Educational activities funded in the second year fall into five categories: materials, equipment and school uniforms (53%); financial assistance for school costs and other needs (31%); infrastructure (11%); financial incentives for education workers (5%); and workshops and training (0.5%). In the second year the most notable changes were fund-ing for education infrastructure activities which increased by 6% while funding for equipment, materials and school uniforms decreased by 6%. (See Diagram 2).

Health Health activities funded in the second year fall into six categories: supplementary feeding for un-derweight or malnourished children (42%); finan-cial assistance for pregnant women and mothers to access health services (23%); infrastructure (19%); facilities & equipment (9%); incentives for health workers (4%); and workshops and training (2%). In the second year the most notable changes were funding for health infrastructure activities which increased by 8% while funding for financial assistance for pregnant women and mothers de-creased by 7%. (See Diagram 3) Diagram 1: Funds Disbursement for Health and Education Activities

Diagram 2: Funds Disbursement for Education Activities

Diagram 3: Funds Disbursement for Health Activities

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Innovative Partnership Works to End Malnutrition in NTT

Report from the Field

Malnutrition is so normal here, many mothers don’t realize that it’s a problem.” Estin Karofa, Midwife, Ilebura, East Flores

In East Nusa Tenggara province, a local charity is working in partnership with mulitiple donors, including PNPM Generasi, to promote food security and stop malnutrition.

Delegatus Sosial (DelSos) is a non-proselytizing social service division of the Catholic Church. Their food security program in East Flores District seeks to improve harvests and nutrition levels in some of the district’s poorest communities. DelSos’ activities are funded by Catholic Relief Services and AusAID. The program began working with PNPM Generasi in 2009.

DelSos’ “Local Harvest” program works to help farmers raise harvest yields, and teaches families basic nutrition information and the importance of a bal-anced diet. DelSos had a nutritionist develop new, tasty recipes for cooking locally grown food. The program holds regular training events to teach women how to cook the recipes. Three collections of recipes have been pub-lished with assistance from AusAid.

Rural poverty rates in East Nusa Tenggara are estimated to be 64 percent. An estimated 32 percent of children in East Nusa Tenggara are malnourished or severely malnourished, a condition that will permanently impact their cogni-tive and physical development.

According to Head of DelSos in East Flores, Father Rosarius Yansen Raring (known as Father Yansen), addressing malnutrition in NTT requires a para-digm shift.

“In the past, communities always misunderstood government and NGO pro-grams and thought that improved nutrition had to come from outside assis-tance,” says Father Yansen. “We are changing that paradigm saying that good nutrition can come from the food we grow ourselves…this is part of empowering communities.”

The DelSos and PNPM Generasi collaboration teaches women about nutrition and provides supplementary feed-ing to malnourished children. “Local Harvest” recipes are now being used for supplementary feeding at all PNPM Generasi health center activities in East Flores, and over 200 women have been taught to cook “Local Harvest” recipes. In addition, PNPM Generasi’s monthly health center activities are strongly emphasizing nutrition and explaining the link between health and intelligence.

In 2009, communities used PNPM Generasi funding to provide intensive feeding with “Local Harvest” recipes to 93 malnourished children. Of these, 50 children are no longer malnourished and the program continues to pro-vide intensive feeding to the remaining 43 children.

With children highly vulnerable to malnutrition in poor villages, PNPM Gen-erasi also uses provision of supplementary food to as an incentive for moth-ers to bring their children to the monthly health center activities, thus ena-bling regular monitoring of children’s health. Mothers’ also receive informa-tion on what constitutes good nutrition and its importance to their child’s development as well as individual health counseling. Over 600 vulnerable children have received supplementary feeding through PNPM Generasi.

According to village women and health center workers, one of the biggest causes of malnutrition was children not wanting to eat. Many women say their children preferred expensive proc-essed foods, like instant noodles, to their cooking, which often consisted of boiled or steamed yams—it isn’t dif-ficult to imagine why a 3-year-old child would prefer a package of Indomie to a plate of boiled yams.

“We like these recipes,” says Fransiska Muda. “They don’t take longer to cook (than traditional homecooking) and they provide variety so our children want to eat. Before we just steamed or boiled our yams and added some salt, or cooked our greens in the traditional way. Now we have varied menus.”

“This is a lot cheaper, I spend Rp 2,000-3,000 per meal with the DelSos recipes. If we buy food the cost can be Rp. 5,000 or Rp. 10,000. I put the extra money away for our household needs, but also for our children’s school-ing” says Stefania Tukan.

Cooking “Local Harvest” recipes at a DelSos/PNPM Generasi training activity.

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“We have to have multi-stakeholder coordination. We all have limited resources—PNPM, DelSos and CRS, the government, and the commu-nity. If we don’t collaborate, then change will come slowly, or only in small amounts.”

- Father Rosarius Yansen Raring

Month Activities

October 2009 Begin fielding Wave III survey to measure impact in PNPM Generasi and PKH locations. Planning and preparation process for addition PNPM Mandiri Rural activities in PNPM Generasi locations.

November 2009 Recapitulation of village performance against 12 indicators from the first month of PNPM Generasi activity implementation in all 164 sub-districts.

December 2009 National evaluation workshop for PNPM Generasi.

First Round In-Service Refresher Training

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For more information on PNPM Generasi, contact:

National Management Consultant (NMC) Komplek PEMDA DKI, Graha Pejaten

Jl. Raya Pasar Minggu, Jakarta Selatan 12510 Ph: 62-21-7988-840 Fax: 62-21-797-7412

Emal: generasi@nmc.ppk.or.id or kontak@ppk.or.id

Secretariat PNPM Mandiri-Perdesaan Directorate General Pemberdayaan Masyarakat dan Desa,

Ministry of Home Affairs Jl. Pasar Minggu Km. 19, Jakarta Selatan 12520 Phone:62-21-79191648 Fax:62-21-79196118

ppkpmd@yahoo.com http://www.ppk.or.id

D uring June 2009 staff from the National Management Consultant traveled to all five PNPM Generasi provinces to conduct the first round of in-service refresher training with district and

sub-district facilitators. This was the first time refresher training had been conducted since PNPM Generasi began. The training was an opportunity to evaluate the programs achievements to date and review the changes to the Program Manual in 2009 before the new cycle began. Facilitators discussed lessons learned from the first two years of activity implementation and shared strategies for addressing common problems. Trainers emphasized the need for early identification of those not yet receiving the relevant health and education services to prioritize for funding and activities. Facilitators analyzed the results from the first two years of program implementation and discussed how this information could be used to guide village activity selection in the third year. Trainers also demonstrated how the PNPM Generasi Management Information System (MIS) could assist facilitators in guiding villages to achieve results. Further refresher training will be conducted later in the year.

Scenes from Generasi

Posyandu event in Kelurahan Haufo’o, Kota Kefamenanu, North Central Timor

Haufo’o’s posyandu is held in a lopo, a traditional Timorese meeting structure.

Infant getting his shots.

Measuring a boy in Haufo’o

Weighing under 5’s in Haufo’o

Charting a little girl’s progress in buku KIA

Upcoming Activities

In line at the Posyandu