Unveiling the Global Matrix
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Transcript of Unveiling the Global Matrix
Mark Tremblay, Ph.D., D.Litt. (hons), FACSM, CSEP-CEPDirector, Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research GroupChildren’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute
Chief Scientific Officer, Active Healthy Kids CanadaProfessor, Department of Pediatrics, University of Ottawa
Unveiling the “Global Matrix”:A comparison of childhood physical activity across 15 countries
Active Healthy Kids Canada Report Card
Objectives
•Describe, explain and unveil the Global Matrix•Acknowledge and integrate country leaders into the presentation
•Provide a foundation for the rest of the Summit with international comparison evidence to stimulate new ideas and partnerships
The Report Card serves as...
• A public awareness mechanism and call to action through a nationwide media advocacy strategy
• An accountability index for all Canadians
• A surveillance synthesis mechanism
• An advocacy tool for physical activity leaders and organizations
• A policy driver
• A process for identifying research and surveillance needs
• A challenge to other countries and jurisdictions to implement similar processes to allow comparisons and facilitate improvements
Common indicators determined• Five behaviours
– Overall physical activity– Organized sport participation– Active play– Active transportation– Sedentary behaviours
• Four settings and sources of influence– Family and peers– School– Community and the built environment– Government strategies and investments
Grade Interpretation
A We are succeeding with a large majority of children and youth (≥ 80%).
B We are succeeding with well over half of children and youth (60-79%).
C We are succeeding with about half of children and youth (40-59%).
D We are succeeding with less than half but some children and youth (20-39%).
F We are succeeding with very few children and youth (< 20%).
Grading Framework
Common benchmarks used to guide grade assignmentsExpert groups established in each country to assign grades
Limitations vs Opportunities
• Common benchmarks were established although countries were limited by the availability of data
• The best available evidence, often from multiple sources, were used by expert work groups to assign grades
• Despite variation in country data sources it is believed that the grades across all indicators are comparable and informative of global variation in important factors related to PA among children and youth.
• The focus was on the possibilities of learning from one another and work of addressing the limitations going forward
Global Matrix
Who is leading and who is lagging?
Overall Physical Activity
Organized Sport Participation
Active PlayActive
TransportationSedentary
BehavioursFamily and
PeersSchool
Community and the Built
Environment
Government Strategies and Investments
“Perhaps the most notable finding from the global matrix is the substantial variation in the grades assigned to the nine indicators
of PA. This is encouraging for at least three reasons. First, it demonstrates that at least some countries are succeeding in each of the important indicators examined in the global matrix. Second,
such international variation consolidated in this fashion presents an opportunity for cross-fertilization of ideas for improving the grades. Third, the global matrix provides a framework for research aimed
at understanding the differences between and within different nations.”
Tremblay et al. JPAH, 2014
Overall Physical Activity
• Benchmark: % of children and youth who meet physical activity guidelines
• All countries graded this indicator
• Grades ranged from F to B
video: overall physical activity
Organized Sport Participation
Active PlayActive
TransportationSedentary Behaviour
Family and Peers
SchoolCommunity. &
Built Environment
Government Strat. &
Investments
Overall Physical Activity
Scotland F
United States D-
Ireland D-
Canada D-
Australia D-
South Africa D
Finland D
Ghana D
Colombia D
England D+
Nigeria C
Kenya C
Mexico C+
New Zealand B
Mozambique B
Organized Sport Participation
• Benchmark: % of children and youth who participate in organized sport and/or physical activity programs
• 13 of 15 countries graded this indicator
• Grades ranged from F to B
Video: Organized Sport Participation
Organized Sport Participation
Active PlayActive
TransportationSedentary Behaviour
Family and Peers
SchoolCommunity. &
Built Environment
Government Strat. &
Investments
Scotland INC
Nigeria INC
Mozambique F
Mexico D
Colombia D
United States C-
Ireland C-
England C-
South Africa C
Kenya C
Ghana C
Finland C
Canada C+
Australia B-
New Zealand B
Overall Physical Activity
Scotland F
United States D-
Ireland D-
Canada D-
Australia D-
South Africa D
Finland D
Ghana D
Colombia D
England D+
Nigeria C
Kenya C
Mexico C+
New Zealand B
Mozambique B
Active Play
• Benchmark: % of children and youth who engage in unstructured/unorganized active play for several hours a day
• 5 of 15 countries graded this indicator
• Grades ranged from D to B
Video: Active Play
Organized Sport Participation
Active PlayActive
TransportationSedentary Behaviour
Family and Peers
SchoolCommunity. &
Built Environment
Government Strat. &
Investments
Scotland INC
United States INC
Nigeria INC
South Africa INC
Mozambique FScotland INC
Mexico D
Mexico INC
Colombia D
Ireland INC
United States C-Ghana INC
Ireland C-
England INC
England C-
Colombia INC
South Africa C
Canada INC
Kenya C
Australia INC
Ghana C
Finland D
Finland C
Nigeria C-
Canada C+
Mozambique C
Australia B-
Kenya C
New Zealand B New Zealand B
Overall Physical Activity
Scotland F
United States D-
Ireland D-
Canada D-
Australia D-
South Africa D
Finland D
Ghana D
Colombia D
England D+
Nigeria C
Kenya C
Mexico C+
New Zealand B
Mozambique B
Active Transportation
• Benchmark: % of children and youth who use active transportation to get to and from places (school, park, mall, friend’s place)
• 14 of 15 countries graded this indicator
• Grades ranged from F to B
Video: Active Transportation
Organized Sport Participation
Active PlayActive
TransportationSedentary Behaviour
Family and Peers
SchoolCommunity. &
Built Environment
Government Strat. &
Investments
Scotland INC
United States INC
Colombia INC
Nigeria INC
South Africa INC
United States F
Mozambique FScotland INC
Ireland D
Mexico D
Mexico INC
Ghana D
Colombia D
Ireland INC
Canada D
United States C-Ghana INC
Australia D
Ireland C-
England INC
New Zealand C-
England C-
Colombia INC
South Africa C
South Africa C
Canada INC
Scotland C
Kenya C
Australia INC
England C
Ghana C
Finland D
Mexico B-
Finland C
Nigeria C-
Nigeria B
Canada C+
Mozambique C Mozambique B
Australia B-
Kenya C
Kenya B
New Zealand B New Zealand BFinland B
Overall Physical Activity
Scotland F
United States D-
Ireland D-
Canada D-
Australia D-
South Africa D
Finland D
Ghana D
Colombia D
England D+
Nigeria C
Kenya C
Mexico C+
New Zealand B
Mozambique B
Sedentary Behaviours
• Benchmark: % of children and youth who meet sedentary behavior or screen-time guidelines
• 13 of 15 countries graded this indicator
• Grades ranged from F to B
Insert video clip(s)Video: Sedentary Behaviour
Organized Sport Participation
Active PlayActive
TransportationSedentary Behaviour
Family and Peers
SchoolCommunity. &
Built Environment
Government Strat. &
Investments
Scotland INC
United States INC
Colombia INC
Mozambique INC
Nigeria INC
South Africa INC
United States FEngland INC
Mozambique FScotland INC
Ireland D
South Africa F
Mexico D
Mexico INC
Ghana D
Scotland F
Colombia D
Ireland INC
Canada D
Nigeria F
United States C-Ghana INC
Australia D
Canada F
Ireland C-
England INC
New Zealand C-Australia D-
England C-
Colombia INC
South Africa C
United States D
South Africa C
Canada INC
Scotland C
Mexico D
Kenya C
Australia INC
England C
Finland D
Ghana C
Finland D
Mexico B-
Colombia D
Finland C
Nigeria C-
Nigeria B
Ireland C-
Canada C+
Mozambique C Mozambique B New Zealand C
Australia B-
Kenya C
Kenya B
Kenya B
New Zealand B New Zealand BFinland B
Ghana B
Overall Physical Activity
Scotland F
United States D-
Ireland D-
Canada D-
Australia D-
South Africa D
Finland D
Ghana D
Colombia D
England D+
Nigeria C
Kenya C
Mexico C+
New Zealand B
Mozambique B
Family & Peers
• Benchmarks:– % of parents who facilitate physical activity and sport opportunities for their children – % of parents who meet the physical activity guidelines for adults– % of parents who are physically active with their kids– % of children and youth with friends and peers who encourage and support them to be
physically active– % of children and youth who encourage and support their friends and peers to be
physically active
• 6 of 15 countries graded this indicator• Grades ranged from D- to C
Video: Family and Peers
Organized Sport Participation
Active PlayActive
TransportationSedentary Behaviour
Family and Peers
SchoolCommunity. &
Built Environment
Government Strat. &
Investments
Scotland INC
United States INC
Colombia INC
Mozambique INCUnited States INC
Nigeria INC
South Africa INC
United States FEngland INC
South Africa INC
Mozambique FScotland INC
Ireland D
South Africa F
Nigeria INC
Mexico D
Mexico INC
Ghana D
Scotland F
Mozambique INC
Colombia D
Ireland INC
Canada D
Nigeria F
Mexico INC
United States C-Ghana INC
Australia D
Canada F
Ireland INC
Ireland C-
England INC
New Zealand C-Australia D-
Ghana INC
England C-
Colombia INC
South Africa C
United States DEngland INC
South Africa C
Canada INC
Scotland C
Mexico D
Colombia INC
Kenya C
Australia INC
England C
Finland D
Scotland D-
Ghana C
Finland D
Mexico B-
Colombia D
New Zealand C
Finland C
Nigeria C-
Nigeria B
Ireland C-
Kenya C
Canada C+
Mozambique C Mozambique B New Zealand CFinland C
Australia B-
Kenya C
Kenya B
Kenya B
Canada C
New Zealand B New Zealand BFinland B
Ghana B
Australia C
Overall Physical Activity
Scotland F
United States D-
Ireland D-
Canada D-
Australia D-
South Africa D
Finland D
Ghana D
Colombia D
England D+
Nigeria C
Kenya C
Mexico C+
New Zealand B
Mozambique B
• Benchmarks:– % of schools with active school policies– % of schools where the majority (≥ 80%) are taught by a PE specialist– % of schools where the majority (≥ 80%) are offered at least 150 minutes of PE per week– % of schools that offer physical activity opportunities (excluding PE) to the majority (≥ 80%)
of their students– % of parents with children and youth who have access to physical activity opportunities at
school in addition to PE– % of schools with students who have regular access to facilities and equipment that support
physical activity
• 13 of 15 countries graded this indicator• Grades ranged from F to A-
School
Video: School
Organized Sport Participation
Active PlayActive
TransportationSedentary Behaviour
Family and Peers
SchoolCommunity. &
Built Environment
Government Strat. &
Investments
Scotland INC
United States INC
Colombia INC
Mozambique INCUnited States INC
Scotland INC
Nigeria INC
South Africa INC
United States FEngland INC
South Africa INC
Nigeria INC
Mozambique FScotland INC
Ireland D
South Africa F
Nigeria INC
Colombia F
Mexico D
Mexico INC
Ghana D
Scotland F
Mozambique INCSouth Africa D
Colombia D
Ireland INC
Canada D
Nigeria F
Mexico INC
Mexico D
United States C-Ghana INC
Australia D
Canada F
Ireland INC
Ghana D
Ireland C-
England INC
New Zealand C-Australia D-
Ghana INC
United States C-
England C-
Colombia INC
South Africa C
United States DEngland INC
Ireland C-
South Africa C
Canada INC
Scotland C
Mexico D
Colombia INC
Mozambique C
Kenya C
Australia INC
England C
Finland D
Scotland D-
Kenya C
Ghana C
Finland D
Mexico B-
Colombia D
New Zealand CCanada C+
Finland C
Nigeria C-
Nigeria B
Ireland C-
Kenya C
New Zealand B-
Canada C+
Mozambique C Mozambique B New Zealand CFinland C
Australia B-
Australia B-
Kenya C
Kenya B
Kenya B
Canada C
Finland B
New Zealand B New Zealand BFinland B
Ghana B
Australia C
England A-
Overall Physical Activity
Scotland F
United States D-
Ireland D-
Canada D-
Australia D-
South Africa D
Finland D
Ghana D
Colombia D
England D+
Nigeria C
Kenya C
Mexico C+
New Zealand B
Mozambique B
Community & the Built Environment
• Benchmarks:– % of children or parents who perceive their community is doing a good job at promoting physical
activity – % of communities that report they have policies promoting PA– % of communities that report infrastructure geared toward promoting PA– % of children or parents with facilities, programs, parks and playgrounds available to them in their
community– % of children living in a safe neighborhood where they can be active– % of children or parents reporting well-maintained facilities, parks/playgrounds in their community
that are safe– % of children and youth who report being outdoors for several hours a day
• 12 of 15 countries graded this indicator• Grades ranged from F to A-
(
Video: Community and the Built Environment
Organized Sport Participation
Active PlayActive
TransportationSedentary Behaviour
Family and Peers
SchoolCommunity. &
Built Environment
Government Strat. &
Investments
Scotland INC
United States INC
Colombia INC
Mozambique INCUnited States INC
Scotland INC
Nigeria INC
Nigeria INC
South Africa INC
United States FEngland INC
South Africa INC
Nigeria INC
Kenya INC
Mozambique FScotland INC
Ireland D
South Africa F
Nigeria INC
Colombia F
Colombia INC
Mexico D
Mexico INC
Ghana D
Scotland F
Mozambique INCSouth Africa D
Mozambique F
Colombia D
Ireland INC
Canada D
Nigeria F
Mexico INC
Mexico D
Mexico F
United States C-Ghana INC
Australia D
Canada F
Ireland INC
Ghana D
South Africa D
Ireland C-
England INC
New Zealand C-Australia D-
Ghana INC
United States C-Ghana D
England C-
Colombia INC
South Africa C
United States DEngland INC
Ireland C-
New Zealand C
South Africa C
Canada INC
Scotland C
Mexico D
Colombia INC
Mozambique C United States B-
Kenya C
Australia INC
England C
Finland D
Scotland D-
Kenya C
Scotland B
Ghana C
Finland D
Mexico B-
Colombia D
New Zealand CCanada C+
Ireland B
Finland C
Nigeria C-
Nigeria B
Ireland C-
Kenya C
New Zealand B-Finland B
Canada C+
Mozambique C Mozambique B New Zealand CFinland C
Australia B-
England B
Australia B-
Kenya C
Kenya B
Kenya B
Canada C
Finland B
Canada B+
New Zealand B New Zealand BFinland B
Ghana B
Australia C
England A-
Australia A-
Overall Physical Activity
Scotland F
United States D-
Ireland D-
Canada D-
Australia D-
South Africa D
Finland D
Ghana D
Colombia D
England D+
Nigeria C
Kenya C
Mexico C+
New Zealand B
Mozambique B
Government Strategies & Investments
• Benchmarks:– Evidence of leadership and commitment in providing physical activity opportunities for all
children and youth– Allocated funds and resources for the implementation of physical activity promotion
strategies and initiatives for all children and youth– Demonstrated progress through the key stages of public policy making (i.e., policy
agenda, policy formation, policy implementation, policy evaluation and decisions about the future)
• 10 of 15 countries graded this indicator• Grades ranged from D to B
Video: Government
Strategies and
Investments
Organized Sport Participation
Active PlayActive
TransportationSedentary Behaviour
Family and Peers
SchoolCommunity. &
Built Environment
Government Strat. &
Investments
Scotland INC
United States INC
Colombia INC
Mozambique INCUnited States INC
Scotland INC
Nigeria INC
Nigeria INC
Nigeria INC
South Africa INC
United States FEngland INC
South Africa INC
Nigeria INC
Kenya INC
United States INC
Mozambique FScotland INC
Ireland D
South Africa F
Nigeria INC
Colombia F
Colombia INC
New Zealand INC
Mexico D
Mexico INC
Ghana D
Scotland F
Mozambique INCSouth Africa D
Mozambique FIreland INC
Colombia D
Ireland INC
Canada D
Nigeria F
Mexico INC
Mexico D
Mexico F
England INC
United States C-Ghana INC
Australia D
Canada F
Ireland INC
Ghana D
South Africa D
Ghana D
Ireland C-
England INC
New Zealand C-Australia D-
Ghana INC
United States C-Ghana D
Mozambique C
England C-
Colombia INC
South Africa C
United States DEngland INC
Ireland C-
New Zealand CMexico C
South Africa C
Canada INC
Scotland C
Mexico D
Colombia INC
Mozambique C United States B-Kenya C
Kenya C
Australia INC
England C
Finland D
Scotland D-
Kenya C
Scotland B
Canada C
Ghana C
Finland D
Mexico B-
Colombia D
New Zealand CCanada C+
Ireland B
Australia C+
Finland C
Nigeria C-
Nigeria B
Ireland C-
Kenya C
New Zealand B-Finland B
South Africa B
Canada C+
Mozambique C Mozambique B New Zealand CFinland C
Australia B-
England B
Scotland B
Australia B-
Kenya C
Kenya B
Kenya B
Canada C
Finland B
Canada B+
Finland B
New Zealand B New Zealand BFinland B
Ghana B
Australia C
England A-
Australia A-
Colombia B
Overall Physical Activity
Scotland F
United States D-
Ireland D-
Canada D-
Australia D-
South Africa D
Finland D
Ghana D
Colombia D
England D+
Nigeria C
Kenya C
Mexico C+
New Zealand B
Mozambique B
Organized Sport Participation
Active PlayActive
TransportationSedentary Behaviour
Family and Peers
SchoolCommunity. &
Built Environment
Government Strat. &
Investments
Scotland INC
United States INC
Colombia INC
Mozambique INCUnited States INC
Scotland INC
Nigeria INC
Nigeria INC
Nigeria INC
South Africa INC
United States FEngland INC
South Africa INC
Nigeria INC
Kenya INC
United States INC
Mozambique FScotland INC
Ireland D
South Africa F
Nigeria INC
Colombia F
Colombia INC
New Zealand INC
Mexico D
Mexico INC
Ghana D
Scotland F
Mozambique INCSouth Africa D
Mozambique FIreland INC
Colombia D
Ireland INC
Canada D
Nigeria F
Mexico INC
Mexico D
Mexico F
England INC
United States C-Ghana INC
Australia D
Canada F
Ireland INC
Ghana D
South Africa D
Ghana D
Ireland C-
England INC
New Zealand C-Australia D-
Ghana INC
United States C-Ghana D
Mozambique C
England C-
Colombia INC
South Africa C
United States DEngland INC
Ireland C-
New Zealand CMexico C
South Africa C
Canada INC
Scotland C
Mexico D
Colombia INC
Mozambique C United States B-Kenya C
Kenya C
Australia INC
England C
Finland D
Scotland D-
Kenya C
Scotland B
Canada C
Ghana C
Finland D
Mexico B-
Colombia D
New Zealand CCanada C+
Ireland B
Australia C+
Finland C
Nigeria C-
Nigeria B
Ireland C-
Kenya C
New Zealand B-Finland B
South Africa B
Canada C+
Mozambique C Mozambique B New Zealand CFinland C
Australia B-
England B
Scotland B
Australia B-
Kenya C
Kenya B
Kenya B
Canada C
Finland B
Canada B+
Finland B
New Zealand B New Zealand BFinland B
Ghana B
Australia C
England A-
Australia A-
Colombia B
Overall Physical Activity
Scotland F
United States D-
Ireland D-
Canada D-
Australia D-
South Africa D
Finland D
Ghana D
Colombia D
England D+
Nigeria C
Kenya C
Mexico C+
New Zealand B
Mozambique B
Global Findings
• Wide global variation exists for most indicators, allowing potential for global learning transference
• Most countries are BOTH leading and lagging in some indicators
• In developed countries it seems we have built it but they are not coming
• when children are given the opportunity/freedom, they like to move
• a mix of physical activity opportunities are need to reach desired levels: sport, play, chores, active transportation
Disparities and inequities
• In all countries disparities and inequities exist for physical activity opportunities, but the direction of the gradient in some cases varies by country (e.g. urban vs rural and SES)
• Around the world boys are more active than girls• Very little evidence is available on physical activity
levels of children with a disability• We need to both raise the and level the bar for PA
Research and surveillance gaps
• Global matrix is a start but many areas of the world not represented - we need to expand this process
• More global comparative research is needed on PA and SB correlates and determinants
• Better (especially more representative) and standardized measures of all indicators are required
• Data on young children (toddlers and preschoolers) needed
• Research on play and light activity particularly needed
Recommendations for improving the grade
• Expand international collaborations, cross-fertilizations and capacity building
• developing countries should learn from developed countries and vice versa
• The Global Matrix should be exploited to provoke greater policy efforts aimed at improving the grade
• The Global Matrix findings should be used to challenge, assist and inform future strategies and solutions
Supplemental Issue of theJournal of Physical Activity and Health
Supplemental Issue of theJournal of Physical Activity and Health
Country Report Cards
The global comparisons remind us of the importance of habitual physical activity, pervasive throughout the day – not simply planned and structured doses of movement. Physical activity is not an item to
check off your list of things to do – it is a way of life – this is the message I glean from the global comparisons. Together, with our domestic stakeholders and our global partners, we have new and
compelling evidence that can guide innovative and novel solutions to power the movement to get kids moving – and inform our work to
improve the grades in the years ahead.
Conclusion