Unsupervised Learning of Hierarchical Spatial Structures Devi Parikh, Larry Zitnick and Tsuhan Chen.

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Unsupervised Learning of Hierarchical Spatial Structures Devi Parikh, Larry Zitnick and Tsuhan Chen

Transcript of Unsupervised Learning of Hierarchical Spatial Structures Devi Parikh, Larry Zitnick and Tsuhan Chen.

Page 1: Unsupervised Learning of Hierarchical Spatial Structures Devi Parikh, Larry Zitnick and Tsuhan Chen.

Unsupervised Learning of Hierarchical Spatial Structures

Devi Parikh, Larry Zitnick and Tsuhan Chen

Page 2: Unsupervised Learning of Hierarchical Spatial Structures Devi Parikh, Larry Zitnick and Tsuhan Chen.

2… hierarchical spatial patterns

Our visual world…

What is an object?

What is context?

Intro

Approach

Results

Conclusion

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Goal

Unsupervised!

Intro

Approach

Results

Conclusion

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Related work

[Todorovic 2008]

[Fidler 2007] [Zhu 2008]

[Sivic 2008]

Fully unsupervised

Structure and parameters learnt

From features to multiple objects

Intro

Approach

Results

Conclusion

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Model

Rule based

c2

c4

c1

c2

c3

r1 0.9

0.1

0.60.7

0.6

Intro

Approach

Results

Conclusion

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c2

r2

c1

c2

c3

r1 0.9

0.1

0.60.7

0.6

Model

Rule based

Intro

Approach

Results

Conclusion

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c2

r2

c1

c2

c3

r1 0.9

0.1

0.60.7

0.6

Model

Hierarchical rule-based

Intro

Approach

Results

Conclusion

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Rules R

Image-parts V

Model

Codewords C

Features F

Intro

Approach

Results

Conclusion

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Model NotationV = {v} instantiated image-parts

rv rule corresponding to instantiated part v

Ch(rv) = {x} children of rule rv

includes instantiated children Ch(v) and un-instantiated children

Intro

Approach

Results

Conclusion

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Model

Intro

Approach

Results

Conclusion

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Inference

Intro

Approach

Results

Conclusion

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Inference

Intro

Approach

Results

Conclusion

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Inference

Intro

Approach

Results

Conclusion

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Inference

Intro

Approach

Results

Conclusion

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Inference

Intro

Approach

Results

Conclusion

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Inference

Intro

Approach

Results

Conclusion

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Inference

Intro

Approach

Results

Conclusion

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Inference

Intro

Approach

Results

Conclusion

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Inference

Intro

Approach

Results

Conclusion

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Inference

Intro

Approach

Results

Conclusion

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21Minimum Cost

Steiner TreeCharikar 1998

Inference

Intro

Approach

Results

Conclusion

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Inference

Intro

Approach

Results

Conclusion

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Generalized distance transform

Felzenszwalb et al. 2001

Inference

Intro

Approach

Results

Conclusion

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EM style

Initialize rules

Infer rules Update parameters Modify rules

Learning

Intro

Approach

Results

Conclusion

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Initialize rules

Learning

Intro

Approach

Results

Conclusion

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Inference

Learning

Intro

Approach

Results

Conclusion

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Inference

Learning

Intro

Approach

Results

Conclusion

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Add children

Learning

Intro

Approach

Results

Conclusion

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Add children

Update parameters

Pruning children

Removing rules

Learning

Intro

Approach

Results

Conclusion

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Adding rules

Randomly add rules

Learning

Intro

Approach

Results

Conclusion

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Behavior Competition among rules Competition with root (noise)

Intro

Approach

Results

Conclusion

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Behavior Competition among rules Competition with root (noise) Dropping children and rules Number of children Structure of DAG and tree # rules, parameters, structure learnt automatically Multiple instantiations of rules Multiple children with same appearance

Intro

Approach

Results

Conclusion

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Experiment 1: Faces & MotorbikesIntro

Approach

Results

Conclusion

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Faces and Motorbikes SIFT (200 words)

Learnt 15 L1 rules, 2 L2 rules Each L1 rule average ~7 children Each L2 rule average ~4 children

Faces & Motorbikes

Intro

Approach

Results

Conclusion

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Example rules

Intro

Approach

Results

Conclusion

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Patches

Intro

Approach

Results

Conclusion

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Localization behavior

Intro

Approach

Results

Conclusion

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Categorization behavior

Faces Motorbikes Faces Motorbikes Faces Motorbikes

occ

urr

ence

code-words first level rules second level rules

Intro

Approach

Results

Conclusion

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Categorization behavior

Words Rules Tree

Words: 94 %

Tree: 100%

KmeansPLSASVM

Intro

Approach

Results

Conclusion

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Edge features

Words: 55 %

Tree: 82%

Intro

Approach

Results

Conclusion

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Experiment 2: Six categoriesIntro

Approach

Results

Conclusion

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Six categories

61 L1 rules (~9 children)12 L2 rules (~3 children)

Kim 2008: 95 %

Words: 87 %

Tree: 95 %

Intro

Approach

Results

Conclusion

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Experiment 3: Scene categoriesIntro

Approach

Results

Conclusion

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Scene categories

Image Segmentation

Mean color Codeword

Intro

Approach

Results

Conclusion

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Outdoor scenes

rule

s

images

Intro

Approach

Results

Conclusion

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Experiment 4: Structured street scenesIntro

Approach

Results

Conclusion

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Windows

Intro

Approach

Results

Conclusion

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Object categories

Intro

Approach

Results

Conclusion

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Object categories

Intro

Approach

Results

Conclusion

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Object categories

Intro

Approach

Results

Conclusion

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Parts of objects

Intro

Approach

Results

Conclusion

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Multiple objects

Intro

Approach

Results

Conclusion

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Street Scenes (PLSA)

Intro

Approach

Results

Conclusion

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Dataset specific rules

irrelevant

relevantIntro

Approach

Results

Conclusion

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Conclusion

Unsupervised learning of hierarchical spatial patterns Low level features, object parts, objects, regions in scene

Rule-based approach Learning: EM style Inference: Minimum cost Steiner tree

Features SIFT, edges, color segments

Intro

Approach

Results

Conclusion

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Summary

I

Root

Scene

Objects

Object Parts

Features

Intro

Approach

Results

Conclusion