Unmanned Aerial Vehicles and their Applications in ...

Unmanned Aerial Vehicles and their Applications in

Exploration and Mining

Peter Dueck

Thomas Stanley-Joneswww.airesources.ca

SEG – Drones Applied to Geophysical Mapping

September 2017

Who We Are

AERIAL IMAGING RESOURCES l 2

Thomas Stanley-Jones Peter Dueck

• Commercial pilot

• Geographic Information

System specialist

• Professional Geophysicist

• Extensive exploration

experience

Unmanned Aerial Vehicles


Aeromao Talon


Quadcopters


RCT750 Quadcopter DJI Phantom

Procyon 800 (Potassium Mag)


Airborne Magnetic Platforms


Spectrem

• A fixed wing platform (DC3) platform specializing in high resolution

electromagnetic surveys.

•Typical surveys have a ~90m flight height with the magnetic bird towed

33.8m below the plane. This is an estimated 56.2m AGL

•Typical flight line spacing is 100m or 200m

•Scintrex CS-3 Sensor


VTEM

•A helicopter platform platform

specializing in high resolution

electromagnetic surveys.

•Mean altitude have a ~80m flight

height with the magnetic bird towed

an estimated 56m AGL

•Typical flight line spacing is 100m

•Geometrics Cesium Magnetometer

used


Quad/Skidoo Magnetics

•Typical line spacing is 25m to 100m (on lakes only)

•Magnetometer towed directly on ground with a non-magnetic sleigh

• GEMS GSMP Potassium Magnetometer


AIRMag System

• Mean altitude was approximately

30-50m AGL typically due to tree

cover.

•The AIRMag bird is towed 15m

vertically below the AUV. Testing

has shown that a tether less than

~10-12m see’s induced noise from

the UAV itself.

•This means that a mean bird height

of 27m was achieved throughout

the grid

•Typical flight line spacing is 25m

•GEMS potassium magnetometer

usedAERIAL IMAGING RESOURCES l 11

UAV Weather Tolerances


High Resolution Advantages


Magnetic Forward Modeling


Base Metals – VMS Exploration


Goldak Tri-Axial Mag

(Processed)

Geotech VTEM Mag

(Processed)

AIRMag (Raw)

Data QA/QC


Government of Canada (Mag-EM, 1988, 300m)


VTEM (100m Spaced Lines)


AIRMag (25m Spaced Lines) - Leveled


AIRMag (25m Spaced Lines) – Structurally Enhanced


Case Studies


Laguna Property – Snow Lake, Manitoba

• The blue lines represent 25m

spaced lines, while the yellow lines

show the areas collected at 50m

spaced lines

•The area required multiple staging

areas to complete the survey within

the restrictions of Transport Canada

•A variety of boat, quad, skidoo and

helicopter access was required to

complete the survey block in its

entirety

• The survey area is approximately

9km x 6km

•The survey was a total of 1161 line-

km’sAERIAL IMAGING RESOURCES l 23

Reduced to Magnetic Pole

• Data collection with an azimuth of

120 degrees, roughly perpendicular

to the regional geological strike

• The average flight speed of the

UAV was 10m/s to 15m/s dependent

on wind speed and turbulence

• With a 10 Hz sampling rate

resulting in a sample record every

0.5 m to 1.5m


Laguna Interpretation

• Mapped veins are approximately

coincident with and parallel to the

gradient between relatively low and high

magnetic amplitudes

• Magnetic data processed to enhance

short-wavelength features highlight

asymmetric folds with NNE-trending

axial traces. Fold domains bound by NE-

trending dextral shears (schist zones?)

• The NNE-trending vein segments are

axial planar to an interpreted fold

closure. Due to overprinting this fold

may be F2a or F3

• The aeromagnetic data nicely

demonstrates the interference between

a NE-trending fold F2a fold structure

and ~N-S trending F3 asymmetric folds


Laguna Veins

The Laguna Vein area is located in the northern section of the claim

block. The Laguna vein is traceable at surface for approximately 500m

and historic records and recent sampling surveys have shown significant

assay results AERIAL IMAGING RESOURCES l 26

Laguna Veins (Spectrem background)

Spectrem Data - Zoomed

AIRMag Raw Data - Zoomed

Kiski Vein

The Kiski Vein area comprises an area of known mineralization within a

quartz vein system where historic records have shown 3-4 known

mineralized veins with significant assay results returned from grab

samples AERIAL IMAGING RESOURCES l 30

Kiski Vein – Analytic Signal

•Notice how one of the Kiski

Veins appears to closely follow

a magnetic gradient.

• Highlighted in blue is a

continuation of this magnetic

gradient which is in interpreted

to be mapping a fault or shear

zone.

•This may indicate the

orientation of an extension of

the Kiski Vein.


Moosehorn Area – Porphyry Potential


AIRMag – First Vertical Derivative Spectrem - First Vertical Derivative

Moosehorn Area – QFP Outlines


AIRMag Spectrem

Geological Mapping


1:200 3D Geological Trench Mapping


General Map of the Area


Easy to See Topography Changes


Same Outcrop, Different Perspective


Zoom of the Outcrop in 3D


Geological 1:500 Mapping Exercise


Geological Mapping (con’t)


Geological Modeling (con’t)

1: This shear zone is a prominent feature in

the mosaic – other map features here are not.

2: The dyke/rhyolite contact shows up as a

colour/terrain-fabric contrast.

3: The rhyolite/Millrock contact – which I’ve

accentuated with blue dots – is very sharply

defined over a distance of around 50 metres.

4: Here and elsewhere, the locally coarse

character of the Millrock is clearly visible. A

closer look at higher resolution might be

worthwhile.

5: Because of lack of any colour contrast

between the dykes and the hosting basalt

flows in this area, contacts do not show up in

the mosaics – but they may show up in the

higher resolution imagery?


Volumetrics Calculations


Elevation Grid


Cut/Fill – Volumetrics


Inspections and Inventory


Inspections


Thank-You


DAPROCK ENTERPRISESAll data contributors for the presentation


Questions?

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