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Scientific Method: Presenting Your Research

How to make a NISL Powerpoint PresentationThe aim of this sectionTo introduce you to PowerPoint, which will enable you to make a PowerPoint presentation according to NISL specifications.

Note:1. This is not intended to be a comprehensive PowerPoint tutorial; only the necessary PowerPoint tools and functions will be covered. This section will follow a logical path, which means that it will follow how anyone would go about creating a PowerPoint presentation, as opposed to an attempt to cover all PowerPoint tools and functions.

2. Even though a novice would be able to follow the steps in this section, a general understanding of the Windows operating system (98, NT, 2000, XP) is assumed. Also prior experience with PowerPoint will make this section easier to understand.

Start of Instructions

Open up PowerPoint by:A. Clicking on the PowerPoint icon on your desktop ORB. Clicking on the Start button and then on the PowerPoint menu item. PowerPoint desktop icon

Start button

PowerPoint menu item

Views in PowerPointPowerPoint will open up (see below), showing the Outline View on the left-hand side, the Notes Area at the bottom, and the Slide View which normally takes up the largest part of the screen.

The aim here is to familiarise you with the three basic work areas when opening up PowerPoint. So, remember, there is an Outline View, a Notes Area, and a Slide View, because I’ll be referring to these areas as we move through this section.

Additional ObjectsSometimes PowerPoint will have additional objects displayed, depending on its setup on a particular computer, for example, the Office Assistant

or the Task Pane (graphic on the right-hand side) might be visible.

PowerPoint might also respond differently depending on the version of you are using. This tutorial was developed using PowerPoint 2002 (PowerPoint Office XP). However, this should not be a major concern as the PowerPoint tools and functions are common to all versions of this software.

PowerPoint Task Pane

Structure of PowerPoint PresentationBefore you start with your PowerPoint presentation, you need to be aware that the structure of your presentation will end up looking as follows:Slide 1. Project Title (TITLE)Slide 2. Introduction (CONTENT)Slide 3. Methodology (TITLE)Slide 4. Methodology (CONTENT)Slide 5. Methodology (CONTENT)Slide 6. Methodology (CONTENT)Slide 7. Results (TITLE)Slide 8. Results (CONTENT)Slide 9. Results (CONTENT)Slide 10. Conclusions (TITLE)Slide 11. Conclusions (CONTENT)

I have used a general example of a research project presentation to show that a presentation consists of title and content slides. Title slides generally have a nice graphic (background) with very little text, whereas content slides will usually have more text. PowerPoint allows you to create templates or masters for your title and content slides. Masters (slide templates) allows you to control and standardise the overall look of your slides (in terms of graphics and text). There is also a good chance that master slides will significantly reduce the size of your final PowerPoint file, by preventing duplication of graphics and text.

The benefits of using master slides will become more apparent as we move through this exercise.

Note: PowerPoint refers to master slides either as (1) master slides or (2) title slides. This can be a bit confusing, and Microsoft should instead have referred to master slides as (1) content slides and/or (2) title slides. So when you read a PowerPoint help file, and it refers to a master slide, it is referring to a content slide.

Open NISL_Template_EI_2.pptThe NISL slides need to have the same look in terms of graphics and text. The specific requirements for the slides have been listed in a template file called “NISL_Template_EI_2.ppt”. Open this file by clicking on the menu bar File|Open and selecting the file in its containing folder, for example, the Desktop or “My Documents”.

Open NISL_Template_EI_2.pptThis template does not use master slides. You can check this by clicking on the menu bar, View|Master|Slide Master (see below).

You will see that the Slide Master is blank.

Click on Close Master View on the Slide Master View to return to Normal View (see below), alternatively, click on the menu bar View|Normal.

In Normal View, you will see that the four slides have a similar look, despite the Slide Master being blank. They look similar because the graphics (background, fly, Africa, etc) have been duplicated on all the slides. This duplication leads to an unnecessary increase in file size. This duplication can be eliminated by setting up master slides, with slide 1 being a title slide, and the rest being content slides. So we will need to create, (1) a title master and (2) a content master.

Display the GridBefore we start creating the master slides, it is useful to have the grid displayed. The grid acts as a visual aid when positioning text or graphics on slides. In Normal View, make the grid visible by clicking on the menu bar, View|Grid and Guides and set the grid size to 0.083 inches (the default setting). You also need to select Display grid on screen, as shown below.

The Snap objects to grid feature is useful as it allows you to easy position (align) elements on the grid in the Slide View area. Sometimes you have to switch this feature off, especially if you want to absolutely position an element on a slide. For now, however, keep this feature on (as shown below).

Then, click OK.

The Grid as a Visual Aid

As mentioned before, the grid is not really necessary, but it is useful because it provides a sense of perspective; allowing you to more easily position elements, such as graphics and text on your slides.

Making Master SlidesWe can now start making the master slides (title and content slides) for the template file “NISL_Template_EI_2.ppt”.The common elements on slide 1 which can be used for all your content slides are:1. Green circle 1 = Main background image2. Green circle 2 = Content background image3. Blue rectangle 1 = Main heading (Research Methodology)4. Blue rectangle 2 = Subheading (How to Create…)5. Blue rectangle 3 = Side text (E=I2)6. Image 1 = Africa7. Image 2 = FruitflyImportant note: Element 4 (the text box), “How to Create a NISL PowerPoint” MUST NOT be copied onto the Master Slide if this subheading changes from slide to slide. So this text box will need to be copied from slide to slide.

Selecting the common elementsSelect all six (6) elements listed above by holding down the shift key and clicking on each element. Notice Element 4 has not been selected (see below).

When you are sure all six (6) elements have been selected, copy them by (1) pressing Ctrl-C on the keyboard, or (2) pressing the Copy button on the Standard Toolbar , or (3) clicking on the menu bar Edit|Copy (see below)

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Once you have done one of the three steps mentioned above, the six (6) elements will be copied into the computer’s memory.

Copying common elements onto the master slideClick on the menu bar View|Master|Slide Master to view the slide master (content slide master).

The slide master is blank. Paste the six (6) elements from the computer’s memory, onto the slide master. You can paste the elements onto the slide master by (1) pressing Ctrl-V on the keyboard, or (2) pressing the Paste button on the Standard Toolbar , or (3) clicking on the menu bar Edit|Paste (see below)

When you have pasted the six (6) elements, the slide master should look as follows:

Normal ViewGo to Normal view by (1) clicking on Close Master View on the Slide Master View to return to Normal View

(see below)

or (2) click on the menu bar View|Normal.or (3) click on the icon in the bottom left corner of your screen .

Content slide 1 will display all six (6) elements from the master content slide. You are only supposed to be able to select and edit these elements in the Slide Master View. However, the elements have been copied form content slide 1, so they are still on slide 1. When you start to delete the six (6) elements from your

content slide, start by deleting the larger background image first, as it might obscure images below it.

Creating a Title Master1You should be able to create a content slide master at this stage. The next step is to create the second master slide, namely, the title master. Go to the Slide Master View by clicking on the menu bar View|Master|Slide Master (see below).

Creating a Title Master2In the Slide Master View, click on the Insert New Title Master.

A new slide gets appended to the Slide Master. If you move the mouse cursor over the two slides, you will see the following two bubble-help boxes appear respectively:

Editing your Title MasterYou can now edit your title master slide, by removing elements which make it look like a content slide.You could end up with a Title Master that looks as follows:


Inserting your Title Slide

In Normal View, select slide number 1. Insert a new slide (menu bar Insert|New Slide or Ctrl-M).

Set Slide as Master Slide1When you insert a new slide, it will insert a content slide below or after the currently selected slide. You need to drag the newly created slide, from slide position 2 to the top position (slide 1 position) in the Outline View. You will also need to change its layout to that of a title slide.

►

Set Slide as Master Slide2With the slide still selected, go to the Slide Layout Pane (the right hand panel), and select Text Layouts: Title Slide (as shown on the graphic).

Set Slide as Master Slide3

Once you have clicked Text Layouts: Title Slide, as shown above your first slide will change as follows:

The content slide has changed into a title slide. You should now know how to create and insert content and title master slides.

Formatting for the NISL Content Slides 1Before I start with the specific formatting for NISL slides in terms of text (size, colour, etc) and custom animations, you should removed duplication of graphics on slides 4-6.

You will see the duplication (in Normal View) when you select and delete the larger white background on any of the slides 4-6. Even though the white background was selected and deleted, it does not disappear. Although, the background image on the content slide was deleted; the background image on the master stays in place. This goes for the other elements (fly, Africa, title text, etc) as well, and these can be deleted from slides 4-6.

Remember: As a rule, always delete the larger background image when doing this as it will obscure the smaller elements on the slide, which you also need to delete (in Normal View).

Slides 4-6 in your presentation have instructions that determine how NISL slides should look. Next, I will show you how to create these slide.

Select Slide 6 and Insert a new slide (menu bar Insert|New Slide or Ctrl-M).

Formatting for the NISL Content Slides 2

The new slide (Slide 7) is empty except for the elements which is on the Content Master Slide. The presentation header, “Research Methodology” can only be edited when you go to view the Master Slide by clicking on the menu bar View|Master|Slide Master.

Formatting for the NISL Content Slides 3The presentation header is a special kind of text called WordArt. When you right-click on the header, “Research Methodology”, select Format WordArt to edit it.

The settings for the presentation header is as follows:

Colors and LinesText FontText SizeFont StyleFont Fill ColourFont Line ColourFont Line DashedFont Line Weight

Arial Black32Italics White (R:255, G:255, B:255)Grey (R:150, G:150, B:150)Solid0.75 pt

SizeHeightWidth Rotation

0.56”6.8”0°

PositionHorizontalVertical

1.46” From Top Left Corner0.44” From Top Left Corner

Note: You can insert your own WordArt by clicking on the Insert WordArt icon on the Drawing toolbar.

Formatting for the NISL Content Slides 4The settings for the side header (EI-2) are as follows:

Colors and LinesText FontText SizeFont StyleFont Fill ColourFont Line ColourFont Line DashedFont Line Weight

Arial Black36Italics White (R:255, G:255, B:255)Grey (R:221, G:221, B:221)Solid0.75 pt


0.24”0.79”90°




Formatting for the NISL Content Slides 5In Normal View: Add a slide header to your slide. Click on the Text Box icon on the Drawing Toolbar, or alternatively click on the menu bar Insert|Text Box. Drag the text box onto your slide and enter your text. Note: Do not worry about the text box size, it will expand as you type text into it.

The settings for the slide header is as follows:

Colors and LinesText FontText SizeFont StyleFont ColourFont Effects

Arial24 up to 39BoldMaroon (R:153, G:0, B:0)Shadow

These settings can be added to the text box, by selecting the text (see below) and then clicking on the menu bar Format|Font.

Formatting for the NISL Content Slides 6

Position the cursor over the text, and then right click to Format Text Box.

Formatting for the NISL Content Slides 7You can now change the Position and Size of your Text Box (or Placeholder) using the following settings:

SizeHeightWidth

0.76”7.78”

Rotation 0°



These changes will give you the following result:

Formatting for the NISL Content Slides 8The next step is to insert a second text. Similarly as with the first text box, Click on the Text Box icon on the Drawing Toolbar, or alternatively click on the menu bar Insert|Text Box. Drag the text box onto your slide and enter your text.

Formatting for the NISL Content Slides 8The specifications for the text of the second text box are as follows:

Colors and LinesText FontText SizeFont StyleFont ColourFont Effects

Arial or VerdanaAt least 16 ptRegularDark Green (R:70, G:70, B:0)None

When applied your slide should look more or less as follows:

I will now convert the three points in the slide to bullets. Select the text in the text box, and click on the menu bar Format|Bullets and Numbering. Select the square buttons and change their colour to a greenish colour R:128, G:128, B:0 (see below).

Click OK. The result should be that your text is dark green and the buttons are grey.

Note: If you get hanging indents when clicking on the Bullets icon

then you need to click set the bullets to numbers and then change them back to bullets .

Right-click on the text box to change its size and position. The specifications for the text box are as follows:


4.46”8.15”0°



Your slide should look like the image above, that is, have greenish bullets (128:128:0), dark green (70:70:0) text, and the text box is within the display area (preventing text from being clipped when the Slide Show is running).

Formatting for the NISL Content Slides 9You need to add animation to the points in the text. Select the text in the text box (see below).

Click on the menu bar Slide Show|Custom Animation (see below).

The right-hand side Task Pane will change or appear as the Custom Animation Task Pane (see below).

Select Add Effect from the Custom Animation Task Pane.

The Custom Animation for text is blinds. Click on Add Effect, then on Entrance and then on 1. Blinds, as shown below:

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After you have clicked on 1. Blinds, your Slide View and Custom Animation Task Pane will look as follows:

You will need to make the following changes to the above settings:

Change the speed of the animation from Very Fast to Fast. The setting can be change on the Custom Animation Task Pane, Modify Blinds: Speed: Fast. Do this for all three (3) points.

Then, double-click Point 1 on the Custom Animation Task Pane (see below).

Change the settings from this (see below):

To this (see below):

Now do the same for Point 2 and Point 3.

You have now set the animation effect for Points 1-3. Next you will need to change the animation sequence for Points 1-3. You do this by right-clicking Point 2 in the Custom Animation Task Pane, and then changing it form Start With Previous to Start On Click.

Repeat this for Point 3. When you have done this you will notice that the grey numbers next to the points have changed from 1-1-1 to 1-2-3 (see below).

Select Slide Show (from current slide) on the bottom left of your screen, to view the animation.

Formatting for the NISL Content Slides 10That concludes inserting headers, text boxes, and custom animation. I will show you how to do some additional text formats that you must use on your NISL slides.

Shadow Text

Select the text from Point 1 (see below).

Click on the menu bar Format|Font.

Change Point 1’s text to Shadow text.

Click OK. Select Slide Show (from current slide) on the bottom left of your screen, to get a better view of the shadow text.

You should know by now how to change font colours. Click on the menu bar Format|Font.

If you want to use other colours on your slides, you can use the following:

Colour RGB (red, green, blue)Secondary 100 : 100 : 0

Tertiary 128 : 128 : 0Emphasis 204 : 153 : 0

You can also refer to slide 7 to see the effect of the above colours on the slide.

Hyperlink colours

Hyperlink colours are different to Primary, Secondary and the other colours that you can apply to your slides. The reason for this is that hyperlink colours (unvisited link and visited link) are set to a default colour (usually corresponding to your web browser’s setting for these colours). You can change the hyperlink colours as follows:

Click on the menu bar Format|Slide Design.

The Slide Design Task Pane will appear on the right-hand side of your screen.

Click on Color Schemes on the Slide Design Task Pane.

Click on Edit Color Schemes, at the bottom of the Slide Design Task Pane.

The Edit Color Scheme dialog (above) allows you to change a number of colours for your slides. However, only the last two in the list is of interest to us, namely, Accent and hyperlink and Accent and followed hyperlink.

Double-click the Accent and hyperlink colour as shown above. The following dialog will appear which will allow you to change the Accent and hyperlink colour.

The colour settings for hyperlinks on NISL slides are:

Colour RGB (red, green, blue)Accent and hyperlink 96 : 132 : 113Accent and followed hyperlink 204 : 102 : 0

After you have inserted the above settings for the two types of hyperlinks, insert a hyperlink onto your slide.

Change the text of Point 2 and 3 as follows:

Select the text as follows:

Click on the menu bar Insert|Hyperlink.

Or click the Insert Hyperlink icon on the Standard toolbar (see below).

Insert http://www.google.co.za. (Do not click on this link!)

Do the same for the text for Point 3 (was been changed to “Google (visited link).

Both points now have hyperlinks.


http://www.goodle.co.za/

Both links are still unvisited, so both shows the unvisited hyperlink colour. While still in Slide Show mode, click now on the link, “Google (visited link)”. You will be taken to Google in your web browser.

Return to the slide show and the link will show the orange visited hyperlink colour (see below).

Formatting for the NISL Content Slides 11Before concluding this section, “How to make a NISL Powerpoint Presentation”, there is just two more things which need to be done, that is insertion of extra text boxes and images.

Additional text boxes can be inserted onto your NISL slide as long as it does not obscure other elements (text or images) on your slide. These textboxes also need to have rounded corners to show that they have been added to the slide (see below).

Insert a rounded text box, by clicking on the AutoShapes icon on the Drawing Toolbar. Go to Basic Shapes and click on the Rounded Rectangle (see below).

Once selected, you can drag the rounded rectangle onto your slide (you can position it later not to obscure other elements on your slide).

Type your text into the rounded rectangle. Make it bigger so that your text fits, by dragging the anchors of the rounded triangle out. Then drag it into the position you want it to take on your slide.

Next, right-click on the rounded triangle to format it (see below, Format AutoShape).

Change the Fill Color to No Fill, and click OK (see below).

Select the text in the rounded rectangle and change the font colour to R:70, G:70, G:0.

Next, you need to add a custom animation to the rounded rectangle, which will allow it to appear in sequence with the other elements on your slide.

Select the rounded rectangle, and then click on the menu bar Slide Show|Custom Animation (see below).

The right-hand side Task Pane will change or appear as the Custom Animation Task Pane (see below).

Select Add Effect from the Custom Animation Task Pane.The Custom Animation for text is blinds. Click on Add Effect, then on Entrance and then on More Effects, as shown below:

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After you have clicked on More Effects, another window will appear.

Select Dissolve In from the above window. Your slide should look as follows:


That concludes inserting additional textboxes to your NISL slide. The insertion of an image is very similar to that of the rounded rectangle. Both have Dissolve In as a custom animation effect, so I will not be repeating this effect. I will instead just show the effect when it is finished.

That concludes this section, “How to make a NISL Powerpoint Presentation”.

University of the Western Capeplanet.uwc.ac.za/nisl/eco_people/word/Making a NISL... · Web...

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