University of Karbala College of pharmacy SECOND...
Transcript of University of Karbala College of pharmacy SECOND...
University of Ahlulbait
College of pharmacy SECOND CLASS
Pharmacognosy
Lab:1
Ass.Lectur : Maryam M. Alhelfy
The scope of Pharmacognosy
Pharmacognosy is the science of drugs of biological
origin ( plant , animal , mineral ).
Or
It can also defined as the obgective study of crude drugs of the natural sources processed scientifically.
-Pharmacognosy gives a sound knowledge of the vegetable drugs under botany and animal drugs under zoology
-It also includes plant taxonomy , plant breeding , plant pathology , plant genetics and by this knowledge one can improve the cultivation methods for both medicinal and aromatic plants .
-There are a number of cards or sheets you have to recognized the botanical name, family name, local name, part used, active compound, basic structure, dosage form, and therapeutic use.
Coffee plant:
Scientific name: Coffea arabica
Family name: Rubiaceae
:Local nameالقهوة
Part used: seeds
Active compound: purine alkaloid like caffeine
Dosage form: tablet, injection.
Therapeutic use: central stimulant.
Cinnamon plant:
Scientific name: Cinnamomum zeylanicum
Family name: Lauraceae
:Local nameالدارسين
Part used: bark
Active compound: aldehyde volatile oil like geranial & neral
Dosage form: solution & ointment
Therapeutic use: flavoring, carminative, has digestive, antibacterial and anti-parasitic properties
Black pepper plant:
Scientific name: piper nigrum
Family name: piperaceae
:Local nameالفلفل األسود
Part used: unripe fruit
Active compound: hydrocarbon volatile oil like alpha-pinene.
Dosage form: powder, ointment
Therapeutic use: stimulant of appetite, febrifuge, aid in weight loss.
Fennel plant:
Scientific name: Foeniculum vulgare
Family name: umbellifera
:Local nameحبة الحلوة
Part used: seeds
Active compound: ethereal volatile oil like anethole
Dosage form: drop, capsule.
Therapeutic use: flavoring and carminative
Anethole
papaver plant:
Scientific name: Papaver somniferum
Family name: Papaveraceae
:Local nameالخشخاش
Part used: ripe capsule
Active compound: opioid alkaloid like morphine, codeine, papaverine.
Dosage form: tablet, syrup.
Therapeutic use: Narcotic, analgesic, antitussive, sedative, muscle relaxant.
Morphine
Belladonna plant:
Scientific name: Atropa belladonna
Family name: Solanaceae
:Local nameست الحسن
Part used: leaves
Active compound: alkaloid like atropine, hyoscyamine, hyoscine.
Dosage form: tablet, injection, drop, syrup.
Therapeutic use: antispasmodic, and mydriatic.
Peppermint plant:
Scientific name: Mentha piperita
Family name: Labiatae
:Local nameالنعناع
Part used: leaves
Active compound: alcoholic volatile oil like menthol
Dosage form: lozenges and syrup
Therapeutic use: flavoring and carminative.