UNIVERSITÉ FERHAT ABBAS SETIF 1

MEDITERRANEAN ARCHITECTUREBY

Professeur Hamza ZEGHLACHE

Laboratory of Mediterranean Architecture

Universite Ferhat Abbas SETIF1

KEYNOTE ADDRESS (ICLC2015)

3rdInternational conference on Liveable Cities

Unversiti Sains Malaysia

The Mediterranean World

PATTERN CLASSIFICATION OF THE ELEMENTARY DWELLING IN THE

MEDITERRANEAN WORLD

Rural and isolated dwelling or a part of a village

With a minimum of complexity

Simple spatial organization

Spatial organization of the trunk (assililedto the tree trunk )

Spatial configuration

DIFINITION OF THE ELEMENTARY DWELLING

A single dwelling(a shelter) that houses a family (an extended family) for the whole year

Constructive system with a vertical walls and a roof

ONE PRIMARY CELL: Shelter for hunters or for Charcoal maker

A juxtaposition of two or three primary cells

Compact or no compact with an open extern space

Form of the elementary dwelling

Circular

Square

Rectangular with a door at the center

Rectangular with the door on the courtyard or patio side

The system of spatial distribution in the basic Mediterranean dwelling typology:

From the single unit to the more complex one.

Essai de Classification de Patterns de Distribution Constructive dans la Typologye Basique de la Demeure

Source: Neus Garcia Inesta and Guillem Oliver

The layout of the village is organized within the site topography

Les habitants cultivent les pentes. Une population très dense vit ainsi de l'exploitation du sol retenu par des murettes en pierre sèche (culture en terrasses sur les versants de montagne).

Ces villages sont formés, de maisons de pierres, dont le toit en tuile est à deux versants.

Houses with two sloping roofs

All the village streets lead to a central space where usually the

village assembly called the DJEMMAA holds its meeting.

La place de la Djamaa adjacente à la salle de prière du village, par sa situation centrale, répond à une configuration basée sur un élément central autour duquel s'organise l'ensemble des groupes de maisons du village.

Architecture students in a fieldwork at the village of Djebla

Meeting space of the DJEMAA..

La maison berbère est divisée en deux parties: une partie réservée aux hommes "Taquast", l'autre pour les bêtes "'Adaynins". Au-dessus de celle-ci se trouve le "Taârict", la chambre à coucher, qui couvre toute l’étable.

The Berber house is divided into two parts. The first part called ‘Taquast’ , the Berber term for space reserved for people, the second part of the house is the stable called “Addaynin” is reserved for animal , such as a goat, sheep etc…

A.Taqaât

B.Adaynin

C.Taâricht

Berber woman in the Village street .

INSIDE OF THE HOUSE

Dry stone wall

dry-stone load bearing walls, made of rustic stones found in the area

CORNER OF HOUSE

The traditional Berber houses are usually built of unmortared irregular stones cleared from the field. Most stone houses have only one opening –the entrance-, a small one. Some houses have a small window in one of their wall

Akoufi: big clay jar for foodstorage

Berber woman inside her house

t1

t2

t =12,5heures *

e

T1

T2

Différence T°oscille entre 8- 13 °C *

Isolation thermique

L’épaisseur des murs et les rideaux d’air permettent à la maison une isolation thermique contre les variations extrêmes de la température extérieure.

• Source: mémoire fin d ’étude architecture M.BAHLOULI, IAST, promotion

2012

Dry stone wall in Marseille International Airport

Dry stone in a House Elevation, Morroco

Dry stone imitation international Airport Dulles, Washington, DC, USA

MUCEM

Musee des Civilisatuons de l’Europe et de la Mediterranee

Marseille, France

..

.

Thank-you