United States - OECD · United States n.a. 183,200 239,400 Annual compensation across central...
Transcript of United States - OECD · United States n.a. 183,200 239,400 Annual compensation across central...
Government at a Glance 2017
Country Fact Sheetwww.oecd.org/gov/govataglance.htm
Government deficit continues to decrease and primary balances are improving faster
After extensive fiscal expansion in 2009 drove the government deficit to 12.7% of GDP, the overall gov-ernment balance has improved significantly, reaching -4.2% of GDP in 2015, yet remaining higher than the OECD average of -2.8% of GDP. The primary balance, which excludes net interest payments on government debt, has improved faster though this period, reaching a deficit of 1.3% of GDP in 2015 after a trough of 9.7% of GDP in 2009.
Chapter 2. Public finance and economics
General government fiscal balance as a percentage of GDPGeneral government primary balance and net interest spending as a percentage of GDP
The regulatory process in the United States is rigorously governed
Agencies have to evaluate costs and benefits of all significant regulatory proposals. All stakeholders have a right to comment on all legislative drafts as well as on the analysis that led to their preparation. The Office of Management and Budget oversees the process, the quality of cost and benefits estimates, making sure that all alternative solutions were duly considered. In addition, the process is safeguarded by judicial review. The United States scored 3.2, on a range between 0 and 4, on the composite indicator related to stakeholder engagement in developing subordinate regulation, above the OECD average of 2.1.
Chapter 8. Regulatory governance
Regulatory Impact Assessment for developing regulationsStakeholder engagement in developing regulations
The financial crisis affected disproportionally the labour incomes of the bottom 10%
Even though the financial crisis of 2009 had a deleterious effect over the whole economy, the real labour incomes of the lowest 10% of earners took a particularly strong drop. Between 2008 and 2013, the year for which the latest comparable data is available, the real incomes of workers earning average income decreased by 4% in the USA, while labour incomes of the top 10% decreased by 2%. However, the decrease in real labour income for the lowest 10% fell by 14%.
Chapter 13. Core government results
Differences in income inequality post-tax and government transfers
United States
Fiscal balance*(2015)
Government expenditures(2015)
Government gross debt*(2015, 2016)
% of GDP % of GDP % of GDP
Source: OECD National Accounts Source: OECD National Accounts
G@G /dataG@G /data
26134,500
88,70052,700
Middle Managers(D3 positions)
Senior Managers(D1 positions)
SeniorProfessionals
SecretarialPositions
2015USD PPP
150,000
300,000
450,000
231,500
n.a.
United States
n.a.
183,200
239,400
Annual compensation across central government positions (2015)
Government investment(2015)
How to read the figures:
U.S.
Country value in blue (not represented if not available)
Average of OECD countries in red
Range of OECD country values in grey
Public Finance and Economics
10% 20% 30% 40% 50%
24.9%27.8%
United States
20% 30% 40% 50% 60%
40.9%37.7%
United States
0% 2% 4% 6% 8%
3.2%3.1%
United States
105.6%2015
107.4% 100%
0%
2016
112%100%
0%
2015
0% 50% 100% 150% 200% 250%
U.S.
Values have been rounded. n.a. refers to
data not available
% of GDP
Public Employment
Source: OECD (2016) Survey on the Composition of the workforce in Central/federal Governments
Source: OECD (2016) Survey on the compensation of employees in central / federal governments
... and in senior positions (2015)
Source: OECD* See Notes National Accounts
Source: OECD* SNA definition, see Notes National Accounts
Public Sector Compensation
53.0%42.6%U.S.
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
32.4%34.4%U.S.
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
Women in the civil service ...
Source: OECD (2016) Survey on the Composition of the workforce in Central/federal Governments
Percentage of central government employees aged 55 years or older
(2015)
General government employmentas % of total employment (2015)
18.1%
15.3%United States
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%
Source: OECD National Accounts
-10% 0%-5% +5% +10%
-2.8%
-4.2%United States
Budgeting
Women in Government
Extent of delegationof HRM practicesin line ministries
0.63 0.64
Extent of the useof performance
assessmentsin HR decisions
0.81
0.64
Extent of the useof performance
related pay
0.80
0.66
Use of separateHRM practices
for seniorcivil servants
0.90
0.55
Collectionof administrative
data
0.800.68
Composite indexfrom 0 lowest to 1 highest
0
0.25
0.50
0.75
1
United States
G@G /data
Source: OECD (2016) Strategic Human Resources Management Survey
Composite indicators on HRM practices in central government (2016)
Human Resource Management
Composite indices on regulatory governance for primary laws*(2014)
G@G /data
Regulatory governance
0% 10% 20% 30% 40%
29.1%
50%
24.8%
United States
Source: OECD National Accounts
General governmentprocurement expenditures
(2015)% of government expenditures
Public Procurement
Support for greenpublic procurement
Some procuring entities have developed an internal strategy/policy
A strategy/policy has been developed at a central level
Support forSMEs
Support for innovativegoods and services
A strategy/policy has been rescinded
There has never been a strategy/policy in place
11 25 1 0 8 24 0 1 9 19 0 6
United States
n.a. n.a.n.a.
Strategic public procurement - Objectives(2016)
Source: OECD (2016) Survey on Public Procurement
* See Notes Source: OECD Indicators of Regulatory Policy and Governance (iREG)
0.41
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
0.28U.S.
Composite indexfrom 0 lowest to 1 highest
Performance budgetingpractices at the central level
of government (2016)
Source: OECD (2016) Survey of Performance Budgeting
Stakeholderengagement in
developing regulations
n.a.
2.09
Regulatory ImpactAssessment for
developing regulations
n.a.
2.05
Ex post evaluationof regulations
0.66
1.54
Composite indexfrom 0 lowest to 4 highest
0
1
2
3
4
United States
Notes Fiscal balance as reported in the System of National Accounts (SNA) framework, also referred to as net lending (+) or net borrowing (-) of government, is calculated as total government revenues minus total government expenditures. Regulatory governance indicators: The results for stakeholder engagement and Regulatory Impact Assessment apply exclusively to processes for developing primary laws initiated by the executive. Data is not applicable to the United States, where all primary laws are initiated by Congress. In the majority of countries, most primary laws are initiated by the executive, except for Mexico and Korea, where a higher share of primary laws are initiated by parliament/congress (respectively 90.6% and 84%). Government gross debt is reported according to the SNA definition, which dif fers from the definition applied under the Maastricht Treaty. It is defined as all liabilities that require payment or payments of interest or principal by the debtor to the creditor at a date or dates in the future. All debt instruments are liabilities, but some liabilities such as shares, equity and financial derivatives are not debt.
Open Data Digital Government
0% 20% 40% 60% 80%
35.6%n.a.
United States
Individuals using the Internet for sending filled forms via public authorities websites
in the past 12 months (2016)
Source: OECD, ICT database; and Eurostat, Information Society database
OURdata Index:Open, Useful, Reusable Government Data
(2017)Composite index: from 0 lowest to 1 highest
Source: OECD (2017) Survey on Open Government Data
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
0.63
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
0.55
United States
Dataavailability
Dataaccessibility
Governmentsupportto re-use
Differences in income inequality pre and post-taxand government transfers (2013)
U.S.
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6Higher
inequality
Lowerinequality
Before After
0.51
0.39taxes and transfers
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
Before After
0.47
0.32taxes and transfers
Higherinequality
Lowerinequality
Source: OECD Income Distribution Database
Limited government powers (2016)
0.75
0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1
0.81United States
Source: The World Justice Project
Core Government ResultsSatisfaction and confidence across public services
(2016)
70%
Judicial system Education system
78%20
40
60
80
100
Health care
67%64%55%43%
National government42%30%
U.S.
Average
Range
Police77%82%
Source: Gallup World Poll
% of citizens expressing confidence/satisfaction
Government at a Glance 2017Government at a Glance provides readers with a dashboard of key indicators assembled with the goal of contributing to the analysis and international
comparison of public sector productivity and performance. Indicators on government revenues, expenditures, and employment are presented,
alongside key output and outcome data for education, health and justice. Information on key enablers to increase productivity including on digital
government, budget procedures, strategic human resource management, open government data and innovative practices are also included. In
a context of tight budget constraints in many member countries, good indicators are needed more than ever, in order to help governments make
informed decisions regarding resource allocation and to help restore confidence in government institutions.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/gov_glance-2017-en
The Excel spreadsheets used to create the tables and figures in Government at a Glance 2017 are available via the StatLinks provided throughout the publication:
For more information on the data (including full methodology and figure notes)and to consult all other Country Fact Sheets: www.oecd.org/gov/govataglance.htm