Unit Wrap-Up to Genetics and the Human

GenomeMr. Caldwell’s AP Biology Class

What is a Genome?

A genome is an organism’s complete set of DNA, including all of its genes. Each genome contains all of the information needed to build and maintain that organism. In humans, a copy of the entire genome—more than 3 billion DNA base pairs—is contained in all cells that have a nucleus

Humans have 23 Chromosomes, one of which is a sex Chromosome containing to alleles totaling to 24 Chromosomes including the XY, sex determining alleles.

What Does the Genome have in it?

Each Chromosome represents a multitude of different Genes

These genes serve some function and make up how every person in the World is GENETICALLY different.

Our genes are more similar to those who we descend from. However, Nature likes VARIATION that’s why Genetics always involves probability and some sort of choice

• As you can see each chromosome is unique, every human has these same chromosomes however the genes on those Chromosomes vary depending on what our parents and prior relatives pass on to us.

• The Variation comes when proteins the genes we recieve code for certain proteins which then function to give certain traits such as: eye color, rolling the tongue, lobbed ears and many others.

• The Diseases and Disorders you will be researching are due to genes that function abnormally or not at all. This causes codes the proteins that give us the traits we see to be absent.

Human Genome23 pairs of Chromosomes

Chromosome from Mom

(DNA)

Chromosome from Dad

(DNA)

1 Gene(ATCACGA..)

New Gene Combination(homozygous, heterozygous)

Protein(Amino acid sequence)

1 Gene(ATCACGA...)

Trait

What will this project incorporate?

23 Chapters containing the 23 Chromosomes that make-up the Human Genome

Each individual will be assigned a certain chromosome

Then, a disorder or disease found in association with a gene on the chromosome will be researched and presented using GLOGSTER!

Essential Question for Project

• If genes just code for proteins, how can a gene cause a condition or disease? By what mechanisms are such conditions/diseases passed down, generation after generation?

What should we include in our Glogster?

Chromosome Number

Gene on Chromosome

EXONS & CODONS of that Gene(*3 letters starting and ending Gene sequence)

Disorder or Disease found on that Gene - should include part of sequence that it appears on, at least 500 bases

How it replicates and translates to cause mis-functions

Description (words, pictures, graphs) of Disease

Report in Graph or Chart probability statistics of it’s affects on the Global Community

Continued

• How does the protein/enzyme result in a trait or disease (relate to structure/function)?

• Describe the trait/disease in detail

• If a disease, is there a cure, treatment, gene therapy, etc.?

Want some Extra Points for the Project?

• Turn in:

• Is there genetic testing for it?

• Is there a treatment?

• Are any gene therapies being developed?

• If so, what regulations would be appropriate?

• What is the government doing/not doing to help find and fund research to answer these questions.

References

• A multitude are starting points for research will be posted on class website under resources. As well as other places for a deeper dive into the material at hand

• A reference page should be turned in along with your digital product on the due date

• This should include: all websites used (minimum number of 3), one primary source (research article, book, ect), and one secondary source (magazine articles, news paper, blog, ect.)

• All references should be attempted to be formatted in APA to the best of your ability (points will not be deducted if references are not properly cited)