Eliminating Sentences Determining which sentence does not belong in the paragraph…
UNIT V-VI PARAGRAPH STRUCTURE/KIND OF SENTENCES
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Transcript of UNIT V-VI PARAGRAPH STRUCTURE/KIND OF SENTENCES
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LOGO
Prof: Belkis meza.
República Bolivariana de Venezuela.
“Ministerio del poder Popular para la Educación Superior”
Universidad De Oriente – Núcleo Monagas.
Ingles I para Ciencias Administrativas.
INGLÉS PARA CIENCIAS ADMINISTRATIVAS
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2 PROFESORA: BELKYS MEZA12/04/2023
UNIDAD V: A través de la aplicación de estrategias de lectura que incluyan
las etapas de pre-lectura, lectura y post-lectura, se debe orientar el proceso de comprensión hacia la
identificación del formato del texto (Identificación y organización de párrafos- párrafo introductorio, de desarrollo y conclusivo).
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Definición y uso de :Texto.
Párrafos (introductorio, de
desarrollo y conclusivo.)
Claves para el reconocimiento de
los tipos de párrafos
CONTENIDO
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DEFINICIÓN DEL TEXTO COMO MODELO DE DISCURSO
INTERACCIONAL.La noción del texto, dentro de su contexto social, puede explicarse
como un puente que une a un escritor con un lector y que
permite la comunicación entre ambos participantes. El escritor,
con todos sus esquemas de conocimientos, escribe un texto
en función de un lector con quien desea comunicarse; el lector, por su parte, se apropia de ese texto según sus propios esquemas de conocimiento y produce en su
mente un nuevo texto.
La evaluación que hace el escritor de su lector es lo
que le facilita la selección del contenido y del lenguaje que va a usar. El lector, a su vez, evalúa al escritor como una
forma de contextualizarse en el acto de leer.
TEX
TO
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EL PÁRRAFO
Parte de un escrito que se considera con unidad suficiente para poder
separarlo mediante una pausa que se indica con el
punto aparte.
Es una unidad del texto escrito en la cual se
desarrolla determinada idea que presenta una información de manera
organizada y coherente.
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Functions of a Paragraph
Share dialogue
Describe someone
or somethin
g
Conclude an
essay
Support a thesis
Introduce a topic
Express an idea
Describe somewher
e or sometime
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USOS DEL PÁRRAFO
They help you organize your
ideas so that they flow freely from one to the other.
1. At a change of
place.
2. At a change of
time.
3. To show a specific case as related to
your topic.
4. To change to a more specific time.
5. When the speaker changes
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USOS DEL PÁRRAFO
Different paragraphs do
different things.
1. Opening and closing
2. Find subdivisions in
your topic.
3. Provides support for your ideas.12/04/2023
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PÁRRAFOS (INTRODUCTORIO,
DE DESARROLLO Y CONCLUSIVO)
THE INTRODUCTORY PARAGRAPH
ó párrafo introductorio: señala el tema principal del
libro ó capitulo completo.
Algunas veces éste también
coloca los tópicos
principales a ser discutidos en el orden en el cual
el lector los localizará. Es decir el autor enumera los tópicos a ser discutidos.
THE TRANSITION
AL PARAGRAPH o el párrafo
de transición: cambia el tema. Éste señala al
lector que el autor finaliza
discutiendo un tópico y esta cerca
de comenzar
otro.
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PÁRRAFOS (INTRODUCTORIO,
DE DESARROLLO Y CONCLUSIVO)
THE SUMMARY PARAGRAPH ó
párrafo resúmen :
resume, al final, todas las ideas
principales en el capítulo o
artículo. Un párrafo de
resumen interno condensa las
ideas explicadas y adelanta e introduce el
próximo.
CONCLUDING PARAGRAPH ó
párrafo de conclusión en
lugar del resumen de un párrafo. Una conclusión enfoca una
idea principal que el autor quiere que el lector preste
atención y recuerde.
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INTRODUCCIÓN: La primera sección de un párrafo; debe incluir la
oración del tema y cualquier otra parte al
principio del párrafo que da la información de fondo o
proporciona una transición.
CLAVES PARA EL RECONOCIMIENTO DE LOS TIPOS DE PÁRRAFOS.
.
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LA CONCLUSION_
La última sección;
resume las conexiones
entre la información
discutida en el cuerpo del párrafo y el párrafo que
esta controlando la
idea.
EL DESARROLLO:
Sigue a la introducción;
discute la idea controlando,
utiliza los hechos,
argumentos, análisis,
ejemplos y otra información.
CLAVES PARA EL RECONOCIMIENTO DE LOS TIPOS DE PÁRRAFOS.
.
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Sentence Types
• Simple• Compound• Complex
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Basic Elementsof
Every Sentence
SUBJECT PREDICATE
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Basic Elements
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The accountant
plays tennis.
SUBJECT PREDICATE
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Simple Sentence
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play tennis.
Tom and Mary
Compound Subject
&
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Simple Sentence
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play tennis and swim.
Tom and Mary
Compound Subject Compound Predicate
&&
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SIMPLE SENTENCEwith compound subject
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Tom and Mary play tennis.
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SIMPLE SENTENCEwith compound subject
andcompound predicate
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Tom and Mary play tennis and swim.
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SIMPLE SENTENCEwith compound subject
andcompound predicate
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No comma before “and” in compound
subjects and predicates!
Tom and Mary play tennis and swim.
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Compound Sentence withCoordinating Conjunctions
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SUBJECT PREDICATE
SUBJECT PREDICATE
and
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Compound Sentence
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Tom swims,
Mary plays tennis.
and
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COMPOUND SENTENCE:COORDINATING CONJUNCTIONS
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FOR
AND
NOR
BUT
OR
YET
SO
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Tom swims, and Mary plays tennis.
COMPOUND SENTENCE:COORDINATING CONJUNCTIONS
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Clause 1 Clause 2
Independent Independent
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COMPOUND SENTENCE:COORDINATING CONJUNCTIONS
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Tom swims, and Mary plays tennis.
Comma before “and” in compound
sentences!
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COMPOUND SENTENCE:CONJUNCTIVE ADVERBS
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MOREOVER
HOWEVER
OTHERWISE
THEREFORE
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COMPOUND SENTENCE:CONJUNCTIVE ADVERBS
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Bob is handsome; moreover, he is rich.
Clause 1 Clause 2
Independent Independent
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COMPOUND SENTENCE:CONJUNCTIVE ADVERBS
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Note: Semicolon before conjunctiveadverb and comma after conjunctive adverb!
Bob is handsome; moreover, he is rich.
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Conjunctive Adverbs “float”
Conjunctive adverbs are sometimes called
“floating” adverbs because they can be
positioned at the beginning, in the
middle, or at the end of a clause.
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CONJUNCTIVE ADVERB:AT THE BEGINNING
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Bob is handsome; moreover, he is rich.
CONJUNCTIVE ADVERB:IN THE MIDDLE
Bob is handsome; he is, moreover, rich.
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CONJUNCTIVE ADVERB:IN THE MIDDLE
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Note: Place commas before and after a conjunctive adverb
in the middle!
Bob is handsome; he is, moreover, rich.
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CONJUNCTIVE ADVERB:AT THE END
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Bob is handsome; he is rich, moreover.
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CONJUNCTIVE ADVERB:AT THE END
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Note: Place a comma before a conjunctive adverb
at the end!
Bob is handsome; he is rich, moreover.
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Semicolons “If the relation between the
ideas expressed in the main clauses is very close and obvious without a conjunction, you can separate the clauses with a semicolon” (Little, Brown Handbook, 9th Edition, p. 361).
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COMPOUND SENTENCE:SEMICOLON
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Matt has benefited from his exercise program; he is slim
and energetic.
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Complex Sentence
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SUBJECT PREDICATE
SUBJECT PREDICATE
even thoug
h
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Complex Sentence
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Bob is popular
he is ugly.
even though
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COMPLEX SENTENCE:SUBORDINATING CONJUNCTIONS
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EVEN THOUGH
WHEN
BECAUSE
UNLESS
WHEREAS
ADVERB CLAUSES
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COMPLEX SENTENCE:SUBORDINATING CONJUNCTIONS
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Bob is popular even though he is ugly.
Clause 1 Clause 2
Independent Dependent
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COMPLEX SENTENCE:SUBORDINATING CONJUNCTIONS
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Even though Bob is ugly, he is popular.
Clause 1 Clause 2
Dependent Independent
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COMPLEX SENTENCE:SUBORDINATING CONJUNCTIONS
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When the MAIN clause is first, it is usually NOT
followed by a comma!
Bob is popular even though he is ugly.
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COMPLEX SENTENCE:SUBORDINATING CONJUNCTIONS
PROFESORA: BELKYS MEZA
When the ADVERB clause is first, it is followed by a comma!
Even though Bob is ugly, he is popular.
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Compound-Complex Sentence
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Mike is popular
he is good looking,
because
he is not very happy.
but
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COMPOUND-COMPLEX SENTENCE:COMBINES BOTH TYPES
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Punctuate each clause according to its rules!
Mike is popular because he is good looking, but he is not
very happy.
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Comma before coordinating conjunction!
Men may exercise harder, but they may not exercise as regularly as women do.
COMPOUND SENTENCE:
Coordinating Conjunction
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COMPOUND-COMPLEX SENTENCE:COMBINES BOTH TYPES
PROFESORA: BELKYS MEZA
Punctuate each clause according to its rules!
Mike is popular because he is good looking, but he is not
very happy.
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References
PROFESORA: BELKYS MEZA12/04/2023
Writing Academic English, Second Edition, by Alice Oshima and Ann Hogue. White Plains: Addison, Wesley, Longman, 1999.
The Little, Brown Handbook, by H. Ramsey Fowler and Jane E. Aaron, Pearson, 2004.