D-01---YOGA AND HUMAN EXCELLENCE UNIT-I(i) Origin of Yoga & its brief development. ii) Meaning of Yoga & its importanceiii) Yoga as a Science of Art (Yoga Philosophy).iv) Meaning of meditation and its types and principles. UNIT- II i) Classification of Yoga/Types of Yoga ii) Hatha Yoga , Raja Yoga, Laya Yoga, Bhakti Yoga, Gyan Yoga, Karma Yoga. iii) Asthang Yoga. UNIT -III i) Principles of Yogic Practices. ii) Meaning of Asana, its types and principles. iii) Meaning of Pranayama, its types and principles. iv) Meaning of Kriya its types and principles. UNIT -IV i) Yogic therapies and modern concept of Yoga ii) Naturopathy, Hydrotherapy, Electrotherapy, Messotherapy, Acupressure, acupuncture. I UNIT V- ii) Meaning and importance of prayer.iv) Psychology of mantras. v) Different mudras during prayers.

Program on Organic Farming

Course code D02

Hours: 36

1. A. What is Organic Farming?

B. Why Organic Farming?

Detrimental effects of currently chemical dependent farming.

i) Reduction of crop production due to depletion of soil Health.

ii) Pesticide contamination and human health hazard.

iii) Contamination of food products by pesticides & chemicals.

iv) Environmental (soil, water, air) pollution.

v) Reduction of natural enemies of crop pests.

vi) Threat to Bio diversity.

2. i) Historical development of Organic Agriculture in India.

ii) Present status of Organic Agriculture in West Bengal.

iii) Feasibility of adoption of organic Agriculture in West Bengal and its difficulties.

3. Types of Farming (Advantage & disadvantage of each system):

• Pure Organic Farming – Definition, Concept & Benefits

• Integrated Farming system (Combination of Organic and Inorganic)

• Mixed Farming

4. Concept of different cropping systems in relation to Organic Farming (Inter cropping etc)

5. Organic Farming (Process)

• Concept of farming system

• Developing organic farms

• Important steps & methods

6. Plant Nutrients:

• Name of plant Nutrients

• Functions of Nutrients in plant growth and Development

7. Nutrient uptake and Utilization by plant:

• From Organics

• From Inorganics

8. Balanced Nutrients supply:

a) For Organic Farming system using nutrients from Organic sources.

b) For conventional Farming system using nutrients from Organic and inorganic

sources.

9. Sources of nutrients for Organic Agriculture:

o Organic Manure –

• FYM/Rural compost, City compost, Oil cakes,

• Animal wastes, Vermi composts, etc

• Characterization and Nutrients content of the above sources (Data

Chart)

o Green Manure –

• Green Manure with Leguminous crops in crop rotation. In-situ incorporation

of crop residues -Benefits

o Liquid Manure

o Bio fertilizers and their method of use

▪ Nitrogenous

▪ Phosphatic

▪ Potassic

▪ Availability of Nutrients from above sources

▪ Other Nitrogen contributing plants

10. Recycling of Organic matter in organic Agriculture

▪ Transformation of organic substances in soil

11. Preparation of Compost:

• Different Methods

• Enrichment of compost

• Nutrient composition

12. Preparation of vermin compost:

• Pit construction

• Raw materials

• Availability of specific species of earth worm

• Method of preparation

• Quality improvement of finished vermin compost

Certificate course in Bioinformatics

Course code D03

Hours: 50

UNIT I

Major Bioinformatics Resources: NCBI, EBI, ExPASy, RCSB

Various databases and bioinformatics tools available at these resources, organization of

databases: data contents and formats, purpose and utility in Life Sciences

Open access bibliographic resources and literature databases: Open access bibliographic

resources related to Life Sciences viz., PubMed, BioMed Central, Public Library of Sciences

(PLoS)

UNIT II Sequence databases : Formats, querying and retrieval.

Nucleic acid sequence databases: GenBank, EMBL, DDBJ;

Protein sequence databases: Uniprot-KB: SWISS-PROT, TrEMBL, PIR-PSD Repositories

for high throughput genomic sequences: EST, STS GSS, etc.; Genome Databases at NCBI,

EBI, TIGR, SANGER

UNIT III

Sequence Analysis

File formats: Various file formats for bio-molecular sequences: GenBank, FASTA, GCG,

MSF etc

Basic concepts: Sequence similarity, identity and homology, definitions of homologues,

orthologues, paralogues

Scoring matrices: Basic concept of a scoring matrix, Matrices for nucleic acid and proteins

sequences, PAM and BLOSUM series, principles based on which these matrices are derived

UNIT IV

Pairwise sequence alignments: Basic concepts of sequence alignment: local and global

alignments, Needleman and Wunsch, Smith and Waterman algorithms for pairwise

alignments, gap penalties, use of pairwise alignments for analysis of Nucleic acid and protein

sequences and interpretation of results

Multiple sequence alignments (MSA): The need for MSA, basic concepts of various

approaches forMSA (e.g. progressive, hierarchical etc.). Algorithm of CLUSTALW and

PileUp and their application for sequence analysis (including interpretation of results),

concept of dendrogram and its interpretation

UNIT V

Database Searches: Keyword-based searches using tools like ENTREZ and SRS Sequence-

based searches: BLAST and FASTA

ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT

Course code D04

Hours: 30

WASTEWATER MANAGEMENT

AIR POLLUTION MANAGEMENT

SOLID WASTE & HAZARDOUS WASTE MANAGEMENT

ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT

INTERNATIONAL TRADE IN AGRICULTURE

Course code D05

Hours: 40

Unit – I: Importance of Agriculture in development, trade and agriculture, Inter-

regional verses international trade importance of trade, case for free trade and

for protectionism- globalization and agriculture.

Unit – ll: Trade policy of developing economies- Import substituting industrialization

and export oriented industrialization.

Unit – lll: Overview of Foreign Trade and trade policy of India, Indian agricultural trade-

trends and features, Agricultural Trade policy- Competitiveness of Indian

Agriculture, - policy recommendations.

Unit – lV: Export and import procedures and documentations: Introduction to

international business- definition of international business.

Unit – V: World agricultural trade: changing structure and pattern - status of developing

economies - multilateralism and regionalism – impact on trade.

RECOMBINANT DNA TECHNOLOGY

Course code D06

Hours: 50

UNIT I

Heterologous protein expression of cloned DNA in E.coli: Expression vectors optimization

of protein expression Fusion proteins, cell-free translation systems. RNAi vectors.

DNA transformation in yeast: methods of gene transfer to yeast ,YIp, YEp, YCp, YRp,

shuttle vectors), optimization of protein expression.

UNIT II

Gene transfer to plants: Biolistics, protoplast mediated, electroporation, Agrobacterium

mediated transfer (Ti plasmid, disarmed vectors, cointegrate vectors, binary vectors), virus

mediated transfer (CaMV), in planta transformation, signals for optimization of protein

synthesis.

UNIT III

Characterization of cloned DNA : Restriction mapping, DNA sequencing, chemical

degradation, pyrosequencing, shotgun sequencing and contig assembly).

Polymerase Chain Reaction and its applications: components of the PCR, importance of

primer designing, various thermostable enzymes vs Taq polymerase. RAPD etc

UNIT IV

Modification of cloned DNA : Site directed mutagenesis(cassette mutagenesis, primer

extension method, overlap extension method, megaprimer method), selection against parental

phenotype. Protein engineering

UNIT V

Applications of recombinant DNA technology : Transgenic animals, Transgenic plants, Gene

therapy, Pharmaceutical products.

Introduction to Agri-Business

Course code D07

Hours: 35

Unit I: Scope, nature and significance of agricultural business.

Unit II: Agro processing industries- Sugar industries, Oilseeds, Dairy processing, other

agri- processing industries

Unit III: Horticulture and Floriculture- importance of horticulture and floriculture

processing of horticulture and floriculture, medicinal plants; Mashroom

cultivation and sericulture: production, marketing, economics of mashroom

and sericulture

Unit IV: Input supply industries- Seeds, Seedling, Fertilizers, Bio-fertilisers,

Pesticides, Implements

P erson a l i t y D ev e lopm en t

Course code D08

Hours: 35

I. Introduction to Personality Development

a. What is personality?

b. Why does it matter?

c. We are all unique.

II. The Developing Personality

a. How do personalities develop?

b. Multiple theories in psychology.

c. Three main influences cited:

i. Heredity

ii. Environment

iii. Situations

III. Stages of Development

a. Freudian stages of development

b. Erik Erickson’s stages of development

IV. ‘Need’ a little personality?

a. How needs impact personality

b. Maslow’s hierarchy of needs

V. Basic Personality Traits

a. Values

b. Beliefs

c. Interactions

d. Experiences

e. Environmental influences

f. The big five dimensions

VI. Moral Development

a. As related to personality

b. Kohlberg’s stages

VII. What’s your personality type?

a. What are the basic personality types?

b. Quiz to determine personality type

c. Learning about yourself through type

VIII. Hearing Jung Out

a. Who was Carl Jung

b. His contribution to personality development theory

IX. Personality and Career Choice

a. Matching your career and personality

b. Why it matters

c. Self efficacy

X. Changing Your Personality

a. Can personalities change?

b. Being yourself, being adaptable

c. Positive attitude

d. Individuality

e. Controlling emotions

XI. Personality Disorders

a. What they are and why understanding them matters

i. Paranoid, schizoid, antisocial, borderline, narcissistic,

avoidant, dependent, obsessive

ii. Symptoms

iii. Causes

iv. Treatments

XII. Do opposites really attract?

a. Getting like personalities together, as well as opposites

b. What can happen

c. Multiple personalities on the same team

XIII. Personal Growth

a. Ways you can try to improve

b. Helpful tools and exercises

c. Benefits of keeping a journal

d. Setting goals, focusing on positives

XIV. Working on Personality Changes

a. Focusing on attitude

b. Staying motivated

c. Increasing confidence

d. Watching body language

e. Handling other people

XV. Putting it all together

a. Knowing your own personality strengths and weaknesses

b. Being able to identify other people’s personality traits

c. Using that in your home, career and relationships

Water Resources Planning and Management

Course code D09

Hours: 35

Chapter 1: Assessment of Ground water and Surface Water Resources

1.1 Hydrologic Cycle

1.2 Groundwater Resources

1.2.1 Types of Aquifers

1.2.2 Groundwater Flow

1.2.3 Groundwater as a Storage Medium

1.3 Surface Water Resources

1.4 Water Balance

1.5 Available Renewable Water Resources

1.5.1 Water Scarcity

1.5.2 A Rainbow of Water

1.5.3 The Water Balance as a Result of Human Interference

1.6 Brief about Water Resources in Palestine

1.6.1 Introduction

1.6.2 Aquifer Basins in the West Bank and Gaza Strip

1.6.3 Groundwater Aquifer Systems in the West Bank

1.6.4 Groundwater Aquifer in the Gaza Strip

1.6.5 Surface Catchments

1.7 Worked Examples on Chapter One Chapter

2: Water Resources Planning

2.1 Planning Concepts and Definitions.

2.2 Aim of Water Resources Planning

2.3 Levels of Water Resources Planning

2.4 Measurement of Objectives (Utility Trade-off Analysis)

2.5 Function and Role of Water Resources

2.6 Risk and Uncertainty

2.7 Phases of Water Resources Planning

2.8 Water Master Planning

2.9 Data Requirements for Water Resources Planning

2.10 Determination of Sustainable Yield

2.11 Methods of Forecasting Population

2.12 Storage Reservoirs Chapter

3: Water Resources Management

3.1 Functions of Water Resources Management

3.2 Water Scarcity and its impacts

3.3 Water Shortages vs. WRM

3.4 Water Resources Management in India

3.5 Evaluation of Water Resources Management Options in India.

Chapter 4: Water Demand Management

4.1 Concept

4.2 Potential Stresses on Water Demand

4.3 The Demand Management Approach

4.4 Water Demand and Water Quality Management

Chapter 5: Integrated Water Resources Management

5.1 Definition of IWRM

5.2 IWRM Principles

5.3 How to Implement IWRM

5.4 Legislative and Organizational Framework

5.5 Types and Forms of Private Sector Involvement

Chapter 6: Water Resource Systems

6.1 Optimization ‐ General model for water resources

6.2 Reservoir Operation

6.3 Linear Programming ‐ General applications

6.4 Optimal Design of Water Distribution Networks

6.5 Groundwater Management ‐ Basics and Principles

6.6 Groundwater Management ‐ Lumped Parameter Models

6.7 Optimization in Water Quality Management

Practical Aspects of Organic Agriculture

Course code D10

Hours: 30

1. Soil:

• Soil and its physical characters

• Soil types:-Alluvial, Laterite, Clay, Loam etc..

• Physical testing and assessment of soil types, weighment, water movement, etc.

2. Soil Conditioners:

• Lime, Dolomite, Gypsum, Basis slag, Organic Manures, etc.

• Use of soil conditioners for better management of soil, dosages by soil types,etc.

• Interaction

3. Preparation of FYM/Rural Compost / vermicompost

• Preparation of compost pit at appropriate location.

• Lining of pit with brick, polythene sheet

• Collection and accumulation of raw materials

• Aerated /Non aerated pits for quality manure production

• Collection of rotten manure and post treatment

• Interaction

4. Preparation of seed bed & raising of seedlings:

• Wet seedbed, manuring, sowing (broadcasting )

• Dry seed bed, bed size,manuring, soil treatment ,actual sowing in line/broadcasting,

• weeding, watering, hardening of seedling, time requirement for seedling growth,

uprooting seedlings

5. Land preparation:

• Opening of land, removal of stubbles, weeds and other unwanted materials

• Preparation of final plot for sowing/transplanting & Drum Seeder

• Transplanting - i) General Method ii) SRI Method

• Other methods

6. Raising Seedlings in pots/seed pans:

• Preparation of potting mixture, its treatment.

• Seed treatment, making seeds ready for planting in seed pans.

• Seed sowing, very small seed, medium and large seeds.

• Aftercare – germination till seedlings are ready for planting through hardening

7. Undertaking Pot/Container Culture of Flowers, Vegetable and Fruit plants:

Preparation of potting mixture, planting seedlings, sapling and their maintenance for

performance.

8. Practice Training on Interculture operations including:

• Field crops

• Pot grown crops for optimum growth and water use efficiency

9. Performance Trial of Pot grown Vegetables & Flowers by the Students

INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS

Course code D11

Hours: 30

INTRODUCTION TO INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS, LAWS AND ACTS

PATENTS, DESIGNS, COPYRIGHTS, AND TRADE MARKS

INTELLECTUAL ISSUES IN BIOTECHNOLOGY,HERBAL AND PHARMACEUTICAL

PRODUCTS

PLANT VARIETIES PROTECTION, BIODIVERSITY AND GEOGRAPHICAL

INDICATIONS

Training Program on Disaster Management

Course code - D12

Hours: 30

1. Emergency planning procedures

2. Hazards, risks and disasters

3. Technological development, environmental and sustainable development

4. Law and management fundamentals

5. Political, international and social issues

6. Roles of key agencies

7. Relief co-ordination and planning

8. Field skills

9. Disaster theory, statistics and logistics

10. Disaster mitigation, preparedness and response Earth catastrophes, fire and explosion

11. Physical, psychological and social reconstruction of disaster-affected communities

Program on medical laboratory technique

Course code - D13

Hours: 30

UNIT 1: Blood grouping and transfusion

Gist of day 1

• Blood has two main components: serum and cells. In 1900 Karl Landsteiner, a

physician at the University of Vienna, Austria, noted that the sera of some individuals

caused the red cells of others to agglutinate .

• This observation led to the discovery of the ABO blood group system, for which

Landsteiner received the Nobel Prize.

• Based on the reactions between the red blood cells and the sera, he was able to divide

individuals into three groups: A, B, and O.

Grouping

Blood group A

Blood group A, have A antigens on the surface of your red blood cells and B antibodies in

blood plasma.

Blood group B

Blood group B, have B antigens on the surface of red blood cells and A antibodies in blood

plasma.

Blood group AB

Blood group AB, have both A and B antigens on the surface of red blood cells and no A or B

antibodies at all in blood plasma.

Blood group O

Blood group O (null), you have neither A or B antigens on the surface of red blood cells but

have both A and B antibodies in blood plasma.

UNIT 2: Blood poisoning – Bacterial infection (6 Hours)

Gist of day 2

Blood poisoning is a serious infection. It occurs when bacteria are in the bloodstream.

Despite its name, the infection has nothing to do with poison. Although not a medical term,

“blood poisoning” is used to describe bacteremia, septicemia, or sepsis. Sepsis is a serious,

potentially fatal infection. Blood poisoning can progress to sepsis rapidly. Prompt diagnosis

and treatment are essential for treating blood poisoning, but understanding your risk factors is

the first step in preventing the condition.

The symptoms of blood poisoning include:

• chills

• moderate or high fever

• weakness

• rapid breathing

• increased heart rate or palpitations

• paleness of the skin, especially in the face

Diagnosis:

• Blood culture testing

• Blood oxygen levels

• Blood count

• Clotting factor

• Urine tests including urine culture

• Chest X-ray

UNIT 3: Human anatomy (Circulatory system) (6 Hours)

Gist of day 3

The blood circulatory system, also called the cardiovascular system, consists of the heart and

the blood vessels that run throughout the body. It delivers nutrients and oxygen to all cells of

the body.

• There are many different circulatory system diseases all of which interrupt this

complex process of distributing blood around the body.

Few heart disorders and its conditions:

• Atherosclerosis is a hardening of the arteries.

• Myocardial infarction (MI) is the technical term for a heart attack.

• Mitral valve prolapse means the mitral valve bulges out or prolapses because it does

not close evenly.

• Angina pectoris means "pain in the chest" and occurs if the heart is not receiving

enough blood.

• Arrhythmia and dysrhythmia are often used interchangeably, and both refer to

abnormal heart rates and rhythms.

• Cardiac ischemia means the heart muscle is not getting enough oxygen to function

properly.

UNIT 4: Blood Donation and Blood Banking (6 Hours)

Gist of day 4

• Blood banking is the process that takes place in a laboratory to ensure that the donated

blood or blood products are safe before they are used in blood transfusions and other

medical procedures.

• Blood banking includes typing the blood for compatibility and testing for infectious

diseases.

A donor must be

• must be at least 16 to 17 years of age

• must be in good health

• must weigh at least 50 kg

• must pass the physical and health history examination given prior to donation

Test performed before blood banking

• typing: ABO group (blood type)

• Rh typing (positive or negative antigen)

• screening for any unexpected red blood cell antibodies that may cause problems in the

recipient

• screening for current or past infections including the following:

o hepatitis viruses B and C

o human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)

o human T-lymphotropic viruses (HTLV) I and II

o syphilis

o West Nile virus

Students performing blood grouping with their team member

Technique involved in research methodology

Course code - D14

Hours: 38

UNIT : 1 UV-VIS Spectrophotometry

“SPECTROMETERS” or “SPECTROPHOTOMETERS”.

UNIT: 2 Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) Spectroscopy

UNIT: 3 Polymerase Chain Reaction and its Variants

Biostatistics

UNIT: 4

• Biostatistics is a broad discipline encompassing the application of statistical theory to

real-world problems, the practice of designing and conducting biomedical

experiments and clinical trials (experiments with human subjects), the study of related

computational algorithms and display of data, and the development of mathematical

statistical theory.

• Biostatistics is integral to the advance of knowledge in biology, health policy, clinical

medicine, public health policy, health economics, proteomics, genomics, and other

disciplines.

Thermal Cycler (PCR)

• At Vanderbilt, biostatisticians facilitate biomedical research by providing

methodological expertise and by closely collaborating with scientists and physician

researchers.

Standard deviation:

Definition: Standard deviation is the measure of dispersion of a set of data from its

mean. It measures the absolute variability of a distribution; the higher the dispersion

or variability, the greater is the SD and greater will be the magnitude of the deviation

of the value from theirmean.

UNIT: 5 High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)

UNIT: 6 Photoluminescence (PL)

Training Program in MATLAB

Course code - D15

Mathematical Formulas – Mathematical environments, Main elements of math mode,

Mathematical symbols, Additional elements, Fine–tuning mathematics.

Introduction - Basics of MATLAB, Input – Output, File types – Platform dependence

– General commands.

Interactive Computation: Matrices and Vectors – Matrix and Array operations –

Creating and Using Inline functions – Using Built-in Functions and On-line Help – Saving

and loading data – Plotting simple graphs.

Programming in MATLAB: Scripts and Functions – Script files – Functions files-

Language specific features – Advanced Data objects.

Reference Books:

1. RUDRA PRATAP, Getting Started with MATLAB-A Quick Introduction for

Scientists and Engineers, Oxford University Press, 2003.

2.William John Palm, Introduction to Matlab 7 for Engineers, McGraw-Hill

Professional, 2005.

3.Dolores M. Etter, David C. Kuncicky, Introduction to MATLAB 7, Prentice Hall,

2004

TRAINING PROGRAME IN LATEX

Course code - D17

Mathematical Formulas – Mathematical environments, Main elements of math mode,

Mathematical symbols, Additional elements, Fine–tuning mathematics.

Introduction - Basics of MATLAB, Input – Output, File types – Platform dependence

– General commands.

Interactive Computation: Matrices and Vectors – Matrix and Array operations –

Creating and Using Inline functions – Using Built-in Functions and On-line Help – Saving

and loading data – Plotting simple graphs.

Programming in MATLAB: Scripts and Functions – Script files – Functions files-

Language specific features – Advanced Data objects.

Reference Books:

1. RUDRA PRATAP, Getting Started with MATLAB-A Quick Introduction for

Scientists and Engineers, Oxford University Press, 2003.

2.William John Palm, Introduction to Matlab 7 for Engineers, McGraw-Hill

Professional, 2005.

3.Dolores M. Etter, David C. Kuncicky, Introduction to MATLAB 7, Prentice Hall,

2004

Programme on Validation of Medicinal Plants

Course code - D18

Hours: 32

Module 1

Introduction about Indian medicinal plants

Gist of day 1 (8 hours)

• Advanced medicines and pills have become such an important part of people's lives

that Ayurveda seems to have vanished from the picture completely.

• But Ayurveda contains some medicinal plants and herbs which can effectively treat

and cure multiple health problems and can be great for your overall health.

• These plants have been a part of our lives since our existence and have been used

for various medicinal purposes since ancient times.

• Medicinal plants and herbs like turmeric, ginger, basil leaves, mint and cinnamon are

commonly used in Indian dishes and they offer several health benefits.

• Cold and flu, relieve stress, better digestion, strong immune system and the list is

simply endless.

Module 2

Phenotypical identification of Indian medicinal plants

Gist of day 2 (8 hours)

1.Adhatoda

Botanical name: Justicia adhtoda

Morphology of the useful plants: Leaves and roots

Applications:

• The plant is the source of drug Vasaka, particularly in the treatment of Bronchitis.

• Used for treating cold, asthma, cough and chronic bronchitis.

2. Aloe

Botanical name: Aloe vera

Morphology of the useful plants: Leaf

Applications:

• The pulp of the leaves is given in fever, enlargement of liver, spleen, skin diseases,

jaundice and rheumatism.

• The pulp of the roasted leaves used for cough and cold.

3. Bacopa

Botanical name: Bacopa monnieri

Morphology of the useful plants: Whole plant

Applications:

It is a classic and nerve tonic

This leaf juice is given to children for constipation

Module 3

Phenotypical identification of Indian medicinal plants

Gist of day 3 (8 hours)

4. Catharanthus

Botanical name: Catharanthus roseus

Morphology of the useful plants: Roots and leaves

Application:

• Used as anticancer drugs (Vinblastine, Vincristine and leucocrostine)

• It has hypotensive, sedative and trasnquilling properties.

5. Eclipta (False Daisy)

Botanical name: Eclipta alba

Morphology of the useful plants: Whole plant

Application:

• Powerful liver tonic and good for hair growth

• It is used against dysentery, anemia, eye diseases, asthma, and liver cirrhosis.

6. Neem

Botanical name: Azadirachta indica

Morphology of the useful plants: Leaf and seeds.

Application:

• It has insecticidal and medicinal properties

• Neem has anti-bacterial properties and it is used against skin infection

Module 4

Phenotypical identification of Indian medicinal plants

Gist of day 4 (8 hours)

7. Ocimum

Botanical name: Ocimum sanctum

Morphology of the useful plants: Leaf and flowers

Applications:

• Leaf juice is given against Chronic fever, hemorrhage and dysentery.

• It has an anthelmintic properties

8. Phyllanthus amarus

Botanical name: Phyllanthus amarus

Morphology of the useful plants: Whole plant

Application:

• It is used in bronchitis, anemia, urinary problems, asthma, and also as a diyretic.

• Fresh root serves as excellent remedy for jaundice

• Used against chronic dysentery.

9. Rauvolfia

Botanical name: Rauvolfia serpentina

Morphology of the useful plants: Root

Application:

• It lowers blood pressure and controls schizophrenia like

symptoms or mental illness.

• It has an effective remedy for hypertension

• Root decotion is given for uterine contraction

Programme on Mushroom Cultivation

Course code - D19

Hours: 48

Module 1

Making Mushroom Compost

Gist of day 1 (6 hours)

Phase I composting is initiated by mixing and wetting the ingredients as they are

stacked in a rectangular pile with tight sides and a loose center.

Normally, the bulk ingredients are put through a compost turner.

Water is sprayed onto the horse manure or synthetic compost as these materials

move through the turner.

Nitrogen supplements and gypsum are spread over the top of the bulk

ingredients and are thoroughly mixed by the turner.

Gypsum is added to minimize the greasiness compost normally tends to have.

Nitrogen supplements in general use today includes corn distiller's grain, seed

meals of soybeans, peanuts, or cotton, and chicken manure, among others.

Turning and watering are done at approximately 2-3 day intervals, but not

unless the pile is hot (145° to 170°F).

When the moisture, temperature, color, and odor described have been reached,

Phase I composting is completed.

Module 2

Spawning of Mushroom

Gist of day 2 (6 hours)

As a mushroom matures, it produces millions of microscopic spores on

mushroom gills lining the underside of a mushroom cap.

These spores function roughly similar to the seeds of a higher plant.

However, growers do not use mushroom spores to 'seed' mushroom

compost because they germinate unpredictably and therefore, are not

reliable.

Fortunately, mycelium (thin, thread-like cells) can be propagated

vegetatively from germinated spores, allowing spawn makers to multiply

the culture for spawn production.

Specialized facilities are required to propagate mycelium, so the

mushroom mycelium remains pure.

Mycelium propagated vegetatively on various grains or agars is known as

spawn, and commercial mushroom farmers purchase spawn from

companies specializing in its manufacture.

Module 3

Casing the mushroom compost

Gist of day 3 (6 hours)

Casing is a top-dressing applied to the spawn-run compost on which the

mushrooms eventually form.

A mixture of peat moss with ground limestone can be used as casing.

Casing does not need nutrients since casing acts as a water reservoir and a

place where rhizomorphs form.

Rhizomorphs look like thick strings and form when the very fine

mycelium fuses together. Mushroom initials, primordia, or pins form on

the rhizomorphs, so without rhizomorphs there will be no mushrooms.

Casing should be able to hold moisture since moisture is essential for the

development of a firm mushroom.

The most important functions of the casing layer are supplying water to

the mycelium for growth and development, protecting the compost from

drying, providing support for the developing mushrooms and resisting

structural breakdown following repeated watering.

Supplying as much water as possible to the casing as early as possible

without leaching into the underlying compost provides the greatest yield

potential.

Module 4

Cropping cycle in mushroom cultivation

Gist of day 4 (6 hours)

The terms flush, break, or bloom are names given to the repeating 3- to 5-

day harvest periods during the cropping cycle; these are followed by a few

days when no mushrooms are available to harvest.

This cycle repeats itself in a rhythmic fashion, and harvesting can go on as

long as mushrooms continue to mature.

Most mushroom farmers harvest for 35 to 42 days, although some harvest

a crop for 60 days, and harvest can go on for as long as 150 days.

Module 5

Introduction to Bee hives and bee keeping

equipment

Gist of day 5 (6 hours)

• Honeybees live together in a highly organized group called a colony.

• When bees are managed in hives, each hive houses a single colony.

• It is the colony that matters and tasks are accomplished through division of

labor.

• Every member of the colony works not for itself, but for the benefit of the

colony.

Hive Accessories:

Queen excluder

Queen gate

Pollen trap

Feeder

Comb foundation

Colony Inspection and Maintenance Equipment Smoker

Bee veil

Gloves

Bee brushes

Wooden or bamboo swat

Honey and Wax Processing Equipment Honey extractor

Honey strainer, Knives

Wax melter

Module 6

Colony inspection and swarming

Gist of day 6 (6 hours)

Inner inspection is carried out after the outer inspection to confirm the colony

status, strengths, and any abnormalities, and to perform any necessary

management practices.

The inner inspection of a colony should carry out with a clear set of objectives.

The necessary equipment should be gathered together before inspection

starts.

Observations should include the following:

Condition of the queen

Colony strength – number of adult bees and amount of brood (eggs, larvae,

and pupae)

Food stores (honey and pollen)

Presence of pests and disease

Symptoms of swarming and absconding

Need to provide more frames with comb foundation or combs

Cleanliness and hygiene

Need to remove unnecessary, deformed, or additional combs built by the bees

Module 7

Transferring Bees from a Traditional Hive to a

Movable Frame Hive

Gist of day 7 (6 hours)

Transferring a Colony Preparation Collect together and prepare all the

necessary materials before transferring the colony from a traditional hive to

an improved hive.

Materials include the wall or log hive with bees, an empty movable frame hive,

colony inspection equipment, sharp knife, thread, and a queen cage.

It is important to have a helper.

The colony should be transferred during the day in the warm honey flow

season.

Colony quality

The colony to be transferred should have the following qualities:

Strong queen-right colony

Sufficient drones

Sufficient stores of nectar and pollen

Sufficient brood in the comb

Healthy

Active (favourable) beekeeping season

Management of the transferred colony

After the colony has been transferred from a traditional to a modern hive do the

following:

Use a queen gate.

Use a dummy board if there are less than 8 combs.

Module 8

Honey Production, Harvesting, Processing and storage

Gist of day 8 (6 hours)

Harvesting

Harvesting is the process of extracting honey from honeycombs taken from

honeybee colonies.

Honey can be harvested from wild bee colonies (‘honey hunting’) or from

domesticated bees.

Although a large amount of honey is still harvested from wild bees in the

Hindu Kush-Himalayan region, the majority is now harvested from

domesticated Apis cerana and Apis mellifera bees.

To maximize income from commercial beekeeping, it is important to produce

a large volume of good quality honey.

Processing

Honey is itself a processed product.The nectar collected in the crop of forager

bees is passed to house bees and mixed with different enzymes to convert the

sucrose into levulose and fructose before depositing in comb cells.

Excess water is evaporated through fanning and heating and the cells are only

sealed after the honey has ripened.

Storage

The following points should be noted to ensure that honey doesn’t deteriorate during

storage.

Honey should be stored in food grade glass or stainless-steel containers. Honey

should be stored in an airtight container. It is hygroscopic and will absorb water and

odours if stored open in an atmosphere with more than 20% relative humidity. The

colour and taste may also change.

TRAINING PROGRAM FOR BOOKS READING Course code – D20

Hours: 32

Syllabus for the training programme

1. Short stories,novales, poetry from various authors

2. Magazines, Monthly magazines, fourthnight Magazines

3. Criticism of modern literature

4. How to express our views to others and discussion the thoughts

of the literature

5. Social,historical approaches of the literature and how it is

useful for the effective communication

TRAINING PROGRAM FOR RESEARCH ARTICLE

WRITING Course code – D21

Hours: 32

Syllabus for the training programme

1. Basic structure of the research paper

2. How to handle others quotes

3. How to handle foot notes

4. How to prepare bibliyagaphy

5. How to prepare appendix

TRAINING PROGRAM FOR

STAGE DRAMA PERFOMENCE

Course code – D22

Hours: 32

Syllabus for the training programme

1. How to write drama - Social drama

2. Historical drama

3. How to Preparing for drama and theater

4. How to express our face reaction, face reading, acting

5. Body language and behavioral methods

TRAINING PROGRAM FOR

MANUSCRIPTOLOGY

Course code – D23

Hours: 32

Syllabus for the training programme

1. Manuscript writing

2. Manuscript reading

3. Manuscript preservation

4. How to copy manuscript to paper or any other sources

5. How to explain the people to save the manuscript and teach

the values of manuscript

TRAINING PROGRAM FOR

VOCAL SONGS

Course code – D24

Hours: 35

Syllabus for the training programme

1. Type of vocal songs

2. Ragam

3. Talam

4. Saranam

5. Pallavi

TRAINING PROGRAM FOR TEACHING

METHODALOGY OF

CLASSICAL TAMIL LITERATURE

Course code – D25

Hours: 30

Syllabus for the training programme

1. Types of teaching methodology

2. Types of the classical Tamil literature

3. Types epic and classical epic

4. Thirukkural and concepts

5. Concept of classical Tamil literature

MAKING SHORT FLIM

Course code – D26

Hours: 25

1. Handling of camara, cut shot,

2. Script writing, story telling

3. Direction

4. Performance

Actiting

D27- MEDICAL LABORATORY TECHNIQUES

Objectives: To impart awareness on Clinical Lab Technology and creating Self-Employment Opportunity.

UNIT – I:

Scope of Medical Lab Technology, Medical laboratory personnel – code of conduct - laboratory management and

maintenance - safe disposal of hospital waste - laboratory requirements. Sterilization methods: physical agents-dry

heat - hot air oven, moist heat - autoclave, pressure cooker ; chemical agents; ultraviolet radiation.

Haemocytometry, Red cell indices (MCV, MCH, MCHC).

UNIT – II:

Haematopoietic system - Erythropoiesis, Lecopoiesis, Thrombopoiesis. Collection of blood samples, composition

of blood, plasma, serum, Total RBC andWBC count, Estimation of Heamoglobin Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate

(ESR). Packed Cell Volume (PCV), Reticulocyte count, Differential count, Basic principle of blood transfusions.

UNIT – III: Semen analysis: Sperm count, abnormal sperms, common pathological conditions detected in semen – their causes.

Pregnancy test (detection of hCG), Amniotic fluid: sex determination, amniocentesis.

Anaemia- classification, Blood clotting factor, Mechanism of coagulation, anticoagulants.

Clinical diagnosis of diseases and detection techniques: Typhoid, Cholera, Tuberculosis, Polio, Measles,

Amoebiasis and Filariasis.

.

UNIT – IV:

Urine: Physical examination, blood cells, urine glucose, urinary albumin, bile salts, ketone bodies, Urine culture – Antibiotic susceptibility test.

Faeces (stool): Components of faeces and their characteristics, factors affecting faecal composition, Occult blood in

stool.

Sputum: Analysis of sputum – Pathological conditions that can be detected in sputum – their causes.

Detailed account and life cycle- Plasmodium sp, Entamoeba histolytica, Trypanosoma gambiens, Ascaris

lumbricoides and Taenia solium

Reference Books:

Samuel, K.M. 1992: Notes on Clinical Lab Techniques. M.K.G. Iyyer& Sons Publ. Co., Chennai –India.

Dubey, R.C., and Maheswari, D.K.2007; A text book of Microbiology, S. Chand and Co. Publ. NewDelhi – India.

Purohit, S.S. 2005: Microbiology – Fundamentals and Applications [6th Edition], Student Edition –Jodhpur – India. Mukherjee, 2006: Medical Laboratory Technology Vol. I, II & III – Tata McGraw Hill Publ.Co., Noida– India.

Ochei, 2000: Medical Laboratory Science – Theory and Practice – Tata McGraw Hill Publ, Co., -Noida – India.

VALUE ADDED COURSE

Syllabus

D28-Energy Conservation, Management and Audit 1. General Aspects of Energy Conservation, Management and Audit

2. Fuels and Combustion

Introduction to Fuels, Properties of Fuel oil, Coal and Gas, Storage,

handling and reparation of fuels, Principles of Combustion, Combustion of Oil,

Coal, and Gas

3. Boilers

Types, Combustion in boilers, Performances evaluation, Analysis of

losses, Feed water treatment, Blow down, Energy conservation opportunities,

Industrial Case Studies

4. Steam Systems

Properties of steam, Assessment of steam distribution losses, Steam

leakages, Steam Condensate and flash steam recovery system, identifying

opportunities for energy savings, Industrial Case Studies.

5. Insulation

Insulation-types and application, Economic thickness of insulation,

Heat savings and application criteria.

6. Cogeneration

Definition, Need, Application, Advantages, Classification, Saving

potentials, Industrial Case Studies.

7. Waste Heat Recovery

Classification, Advantages and applications, commercially viable

waste Heat recovery devices, saving potential.

8. Pumps and Pumping System

Types, Performance evaluation, efficient system operation, Flow

control strategies and energy conservation opportunities Case Studies and

Numerical.

9. Electrical system

Electricity billing, Electrical load management and maximum demand

control, Power factor improvement and its benefit, Selection and location of

capacitors, Performance assessment of PF capacitors, Distribution and

transformer losses.

10. Electric motors

Types, Losses in induction motors, Motor efficiency, Factors affecting

motor performance, Rewinding and motor replacement issues, Energy saving

opportunities with energy efficient motors.

11. Compressed air system

Types of air compressors, Compressor efficiency, Efficient compressor

operation, Compressed air system components, Capacity assessment, Leakage

test, Factors affecting the performance and efficiency.

12. HVAC and Refrigeration System

Vapor compression refrigeration cycle, Refrigerants, Coefficient of

performance, Capacity, Factors affecting Refrigeration and Air conditioning

system performance and savings opportunities. Vapor absorption refrigeration

system: Working principle, Types and comparison with vapor compression

system, saving potential.

13. Cooling Tower

Types and performance evaluation, efficient system operation, Flow

control strategies and energy saving opportunities, Assessment of cooling

towers.

14. Lighting System

Light source, Choice of lighting, Luminance requirements, and Energy

conservation avenues.

D30-IPR, Copyright & Trade Mark Fundamentals

Introduction to IPR and Patent aspects

General Introduction of IPRs.

Indian Patent System in Brief.

Important Amendments of Indian Patents Act and Rules.

What is IPR.

Definition and brief understanding of Different IPR forms like Patents, Trade Marks,

Designs, Copyrights, and Geographical Indications etc.

Basic concept in Patents.

Patentable and non-patentable inventions

Patentability criteria and requirements

Practical study of Novelty and Non-obviousness

Patent Specifications

Provisional, complete Application and their contents and different types of Patent

Applications (Basics).

Claims and their interpretation.

Prosecution of Patent Application.

Prior art search in Patents.

Drafting Patent Specification (Practical session).

Trade Marks and Designs

Introduction to Trade Marks, What is Trade Marks?, Search of Trade Marks.

Search for conflicting Marks.

Filing and Prosecution of Trade Marks & Study of Trade Marks Applications and

drafting of Trademarks Applications (Practical session).

Introduction to Designs & some other important aspects in Designs.

Study of Designs Applications (Practical session).

International Treaties, PCT and National Phase Applications

WIPO and International treaties (part-I).

PCT Application and some important Aspects.

National Phase Application and some important aspects.

Patent Opposition and Revocation.

Compulsory License and Pharma industry.

Relevant Sections on Patent Law.

D31-Personnel Management

Introduction

Introduction to Personnel management, Definitions, Functions of Personnel manager,

systems, objectives, role of human relations, qualities of a good personnel manager

Leadership, motivation and job satisfaction and morals

Definitions difference between leader and a manager, different approach of leadership,

theories of motivation, job satisfaction, morale.

Employee communication, control and audit

Communication, process of communication, directions of communication, stpes in

control process, personnel audit.

Procurement of Personnel

Man power planning, determination of Personnel need, recruitment and selection process.

Performance appraisal

Purposes of appraisal, factors affecting appraisal, criteria for performance appraisal,

methods etc.

Training and Development

Training education and development, principles of learning, responsibility of training and

development, Policy, Need and objectives of training, types and methods of training, Evaluation

of training and development, Organization Development.

Job change

Resistance to change, job change plans, career planning, promotion, transfer, demotions,

separations.

Employee Compensation

Primary compensation, nominal and real, wages, determination of wages, factors,

incentives.

Employee Discipline, Grievance, Trade unions and Industrial relations

Meaning, causes of indiscipline, types of discipline, rules, causes of grievances, model

grievances procedure, definitions of trade union, Nature and scope of trade union, functions of

trade union, collective bargaining, Industrial relations, Industrial disputes, Methods to solve

disputes, workers participations in management etc.

Records and Research

Records, Personnel research

Human Resource Development

Definitions, HRD Methods, HRD Process, HRD outcomes, Operating mode, HRD

manager.

D32-Human Resource Management

Course Objectives

The aim of the course is to

equip the students with the basic human resource management skills.

develop the managerial skills for business management.

have a good understanding of nature of e-HRM and its different dimensions.

Unit I

Human Resource Management

Definition, meaning and concepts. Objectives and responsibilities, the need, approaches

towards Human resources, Functions of Human Resource Management. Human Resource

Planning - Steps involved.

Unit II

Career Planning and Development: Meaning, objectives, Factors affecting and Tips for

individual career planning. Recruitment, Screening and Selection Process-Orientation -

Placement, Promotion, Transfer, and Training.

Unit III

Job Analysis: Usefulness, Methods. Performance appraisal: Objectives, Methods and

Requirements of a Good Appraisal System. Labour Turn over costs – effects on employees and

workers, Causes of Labour Turn Over and Control of turnover.

Unit IV

Wages and Salary Administration: Definition and Concepts, Objectives, Factors

affecting wage and salary. Wage Incentives: Importance and Types, Pre-requisites for an

Effective Incentive System. Systems of Wage Payment: Time Wage and Piece Wage.

Unit V

Morale and Productivity: Meaning, Relation between Morale and Productivity.

Principles and Concepts of TQM – HRM and TQM -.EHR: Nature – e-Recruitment, e-Selection,

e-Performance Management, e-Learning and e-Compensation. Recent techniques in HRM:

Employees for Lease, Moon lighting by employees, Flexi time and Flexi work.

D33-Bioinstrumentation

UNIT I: Spectroscopy - I & Thermal Methods

Introduction to principles and applications of spectroscopic methods - UV-Vis, IR, Fluorescence

& Phosphorescence ORD, CD, DSC

UNIT II: Spectroscopy - II& Diffraction

ESR, AAS, AFS, AES, Mass spectrometry, NMR, XRD

UNIT III: Microscopy – Techniques

Polarized light microscopy, phase constrast microscopy, interference microscopy, Fluorescence

microscopy, confocal microscopy, electron microscopy - TEM, SEM

UNIT IV: Chromatography & Centrifugation - Techniques

Chromatography - adsorption, affinity, partition - GLC, GC, HPLC, TLC, HPTLC, RPC.

UNIT V: Electrophoretic – Techniques

Electrophoresis of proteins and nucleic acids - 1D & 2D gels, SDS-PAGE, Agarose gel

electrophoresis, Western Blotting, Gel documentation

D34-HERBAL DRUG TECHNOLOGY& DEVELOPMENT

Unit-I

General methods of extraction, isolation and purification of phytoconstituents Isolation,

identification tests and estimation methods for the following phytoconstituents with special

emphasis on HPLC, HPTLC and other advanced techniques Aloin from Aloes; Vaccine from

Adhatodavasica; Andrographolides from Andrographis paniculata

Unit-II

Phytochemical study Definition, occurrence, chemistry, isolation, estimation and biogenesis of

alkaloids, glycosides,plant phenols, resins, terpenes and terpenoids, phospholipids and steroids

Screening procedures for herbal drugs with current innovations in following therapeutic

classesAntihypertensive; Antioxidant; Antipyretic & anti-inflammatory; Antidiabetic;

Anticancer; Antihepatotoxic; Immunomodulatory

Unit-III

General Methods of Processing of Herbs: Definition, sources, identification and authentication of

herbs; Different methods of processing of herbs like collection, harvesting, garbling, packing and

storage conditions; Methods of drying – Natural and artificial drying methods with their merits

and demerits.

Unit-IV

Methods of Preparation of Extracts: Principles of extraction and selection of suitable extraction

method; Different methods of extraction including maceration, percolation, hot continuous

extraction, pilot scale extraction and supercritical fluid extraction with their merits and demerits;

Purification and Recovery of Solvents.

Unit-V

Isolation and Estimation of Phytoconstituents: Different methods (including industrial) for

isolation and estimation of phytoconstituents from the following drugs (with special emphasis on

HPLC andHPTLC). 1. Forskoline from Coleus forskoli; 2. Catechins from Green tea; 3.L-Dopa

from Mucunapruriens; 4.Alicin from Garlic; 5.Piperine from Piper nigrum / Piper longum.

D35-Mushroom Cultivation and Apiculture

Unit-I

Introduction, history of mushroom cultivation; biology of mushrooms; Nutritional value:

(Proteins, amino acids, mineral elements, carbohydrates, fibers, vitamins); Medicinal value of

mushrooms; Poisonous mushrooms and mushroom poisoning; edible mushrooms and cultivation

in India

Unit-II

Cultivation Technology: Infrastructure, equipments and substrates in mushroom cultivation:

Polythene bags, vessels, inoculation hook, inoculation loop, love cost stove, sieves, culture racks,

mushroom unit or mushroom house, water sprayer, tray, boilers, driers, pure culture, Spawn:

types of spawn, preparation of spawn, mushroom bed preparation and factors affecting

mushroom bed preparation

Unit-III

Casing; raw material used for casing, preparation of casing material; important sanitation during

various stages of mushroom cultivation Cultivation of important mushrooms: General process

for the cultivation of Agaricus bisporus, Pleurotus ostreatus and Volvariella volvaceae. Storage

and food preparation from mushrooms: Methods of storage of mushroom cultivation, Long term

and short term storage of mushrooms Foods/recipes from mushrooms

Unit-IV

History of bee keeping: Definition, Bee keeping in worldwide, In India. Traditional bee keeping,

Modern beekeeping, Urban or backyard beekeeping.Honey bee species and identification:

Introduction to honey bee; Origin, systematics and distribution; Types of honey bees, Species of

honey bees. Bee identification.Social organization in honey bees: Colony life and social

organization – Queen, drone, worker. Annual biological cycle op the bee colony. Role of Central

Honey Bee Research & Training Institute.

Unit-V

Communication in honey bees: Bee learning and communication – Learning - Color learning in

honeybees, Color discrimination, Color learning rates and preferences, Color memory, Timing in

color learning, Neurobiology of color vision; Communication - Odor plume,

Trophallaxis,Adaption of honey bees: Structural, Behavioral, Ecological and Physiological

Adaptations of Bees. Necessities of honey bee adaptations.

D36-Organic farming

Unit-I

Introduction: Farming, organic farming, concept and development of organic farming-Principles

of organic farming & Need for organic farming, Agencies and institutions related to organic

agriculture -Types of organic farming, Biodynamic farming, Benefits of organic farming. -

Conventional farming v/s organic farming - Scope and Present state of organic farming; M.P.

national and international status

Unit-II

Organic farming systems, Soil tillage, Choice of Varieties, crop notation multiple and cropping

systems,intercropping in relation to maintained of soil productivity by- Propagation-seed,

planting materials and seed treatments- Water management , Green manuring, Composting-

principles, stages, types and factors, Composting methods, Earth moon Vermicomposting- Bio-

fertilizers-methods of application, advantages and disadvantages

Unit-III

Plant protection- cultural, Plant protection – mechanical- Plant protection- botanical pesticides

I,Plant protection- botanical pesticides II,Plant protection- botanical pesticides III- Plant

protection- biopesticide- Plant protection- biocontrol agents,Plant protection- biocontrol agents.

Unit-IV

Organic crop production methods- rice- Organic crop production- methods- vegetables- okra,

cowpea, amaranthus, solanaceous, cucurbits- Organic crop production methods- mango, banana,

tuber crops, spices- pepper, spices- ginger, turmeric, spices-cardamom, medicinal and aromatics,

ornamental crops.

Unit-V

Farm economy: Basic concept of economics- Demand, supply, Economic Viability of a farm-

Basic production principles, Reducing expenses, ways to increase returns- Cost of production

system. Benefit/ cost ratio. Marketing, Imports and exports.

D37-E-Commerce

Course Contents

Unit 1: Introduction to E-Commerce: Defining Commerce; Main Activities of Electronic

Commerce; Benefits of E-Commerce; Broad Goals of Electronic Commerce; Main

Components of E-Commerce; Functions of Electronic Commerce – Communication, Process

Management, Service Management, Transaction Capabilities; Process of E-Commerce; Types

of E-Commerce; Role of Internet and Web in E-Commerce; Technologies Used; E-Commerce

Systems; Pre-requisites of E-Commerce; Scope of E-Commerce; E-Business Models.

Unit 2: E-Commerce Activities: Various Activities of E-Commerce; Various Modes of

Operation Associated with E-Commerce; Matrix of E-Commerce Types; Elements and

Resources Impacting E-Commerce and Changes; Types of E-Commerce Providers and

Vendors; Man Power Associated with E-Commerce Activities; Opportunity Development for

E-Commerce Stages; Development of E-Commerce Business Case; Components and Factors

for the Development of the Business Case; Steps to Design and Develop an E-Commerce

Website.

Unit 3: Internet – The Backbone for E-Commerce: Early Ages of Internet; Networking

Categories; Characteristics of Internet; Components of Internet – Internet Services, Elements of

Internet, Uniform Resource Locators, Internet Protocol; Shopping Cart, Cookies and E-

Commerce; Web Site Communication; Strategic Capabilities of Internet.

Unit 4: ISP, WWW and Portals: Internet Service Provider (ISP); World Wide Web (WWW);

Portals – Steps to build homepage, Metadata; Advantages of Portal; Enterprise Information

Portal (EIP).

Unit 5: E-Commerce & Online Publishing: This unit explains the concept of online

publishing, strategies and approaches of online publishing, and online advertising.

D38-Web Programming-II

Course Code: BIT601 Course Title: Web Programming-II (4 Credits)

Course Contents

Unit-1 HTML Basics: HTML Introduction, HTML Elements, Attributes, HTML Headings,

Paragraphs, HTML Formatting, Fonts, Styles, HTML Links, Images, Tables, HTML Lists,

Forms, Frames, HTML Colours, Colornames, Colorvalues, HTML Quick List.

Unit-2 XML Programming – I: Introduction, The Need for XML, Structured Data and

Formatting, Advantages of XML, SGML, XML, and HTML, World Wide Web Consortium

(W3C) Specifications and Grammars, XML Applications and Tools, Creating and Viewing

XML Documents, Transforming XML Documents, XML Document Syntax, Validating

XML Documents with DTDs, XML Namespaces.

Unit-3 XML Programming – II: Introduction, Transforming XML Documents with XSLT

and XPath, Formatting XML Documents with XSL-FO, Purpose of XSL Formatting

Objects (XSL-FO), XSL-FO Documents and XSL-FO Processors, XSL-FO Namespace,

Page Format Specifiers, Page Content Specifiers,

Unit-4 XML Programming – III: Validating XML Documents with Schemas, Introduction

to Simple Object Access Protocol (SOAP), SOAP's Use of XML and Schemas, Elements of

a SOAP Message, Sending and Receiving SOAP Messages (SOAP Clients and Receivers),

Handling SOAP Faults, Current SOAP Implementations, Introduction to Web Services:

Architecture and Advantages of Web Services, Purpose of Web Services Description

Language (WSDL), WSDL Elements, Creating and Examining WSDL Files, Overview of

Universal Description, Discovery, and Integration (UDDI), UDDI Registries (Public and

Private), Core UDDI Elements, Deploying and Consuming Web Services, ebXML

Specifications ebXML Registry and Repository, Introduction to the XML Document Object

Model (XMLDOM)

Unit-5 XML applications: B2B Scenarios, e-business system involved: delivery, sales,

cross company communication: replacement for EDI, the document as the application, XML

and relational databases, XML and dynamic Web publishing, benefits of XML schemas to

applications, XML processors enforcing structure, application access to document structure,

fixed values, channels,

D39-Cyber Security

Unit 1: Introduction to Cyber Security

Overview of Cyber Security, Internet Governance – Challenges and Constraints, Cyber

Threats:- Cyber Warfare-Cyber Crime-Cyber terrorism-Cyber Espionage, Need for a

Comprehensive Cyber Security Policy, Need for a Nodal Authority, Need for an International

convention on Cyberspace.

Unit 2: Cyber Security Vulnerabilities and Cyber Security Safeguards

Cyber Security Vulnerabilities-Overview, vulnerabilities in software, System administration,

Complex Network Architectures, Open Access to Organizational Data, Weak Authentication,

Unprotected Broadband communications, Poor Cyber Security Awareness. Cyber Security

Safeguards- Overview, Access control, Audit, Authentication, Biometrics, Cryptography,

Deception, Denial of Service Filters, Ethical Hacking, Firewalls, Intrusion Detection Systems,

Response, Scanning, Security policy, Threat Management.

Unit 3: Securing Web Application, Services and Servers

Introduction, Basic security for HTTP Applications and Services, Basic Security for SOAP

Services, Identity Management and Web Services, Authorization Patterns, Security

Considerations, Challenges.

Unit 4: Intrusion Detection and Prevention

Intrusion, Physical Theft, Abuse of Privileges, Unauthorized Access by Outsider, Malware

infection, Intrusion detection and Prevention Techniques, Anti-Malware software, Network

based Intrusion detection Systems, Network based Intrusion Prevention Systems, Host based

Intrusion prevention Systems, Security Information Management, Network Session Analysis,

System Integrity Validation.

Unit 5: Cryptography and Network Security

Introduction to Cryptography, Symmetric key Cryptography, Asymmetric key Cryptography,

Message Authentication, Digital Signatures, Applications of Cryptography. Overview of

Firewalls- Types of Firewalls, User Management, VPN Security Security Protocols: - security

at the Application Layer- PGP and S/MIME, Security at Transport Layer- SSL and TLS,

Security at Network Layer-IPSec.

D40-Office Automation

Unit 1: Computer Science and Operating System (Windows)

Unit 2: Personal Computer Software Tools (MS Word, MS Excel, MS Power point)

Unit 3: Designing and Publishing using PageMaker, Photoshop and Corel Draw

Unit 4: Office Procedures and various devices used in Modern Office

Unit 5: Programming in C

D41-Neural Networks and Deep Learning

Unit -1: Introduction: Various paradigms of earning problems, Perspectives and Issues in deep

learning framework, review of fundamental learning techniques.

Unit -2: Feedforward neural network: Artificial Neural Network, activation function, multi-

layer neural network.

Unit -3: Training Neural Network: Risk minimization, loss function, backpropagation,

regularization, model selection, and optimization.

Unit -4: Conditional Random Fields: Linear chain, partition function, Markov network,

Belief propagation, Training CRFs, Hidden Markov Model, Entropy.

Unit -5: Deep Learning: Deep Feed Forward network, regularizations, training deep models,

dropouts, Convolutional Neural Network, Recurrent Neural Network, Deep Belief Network.

D42-AQUATIC BIOLOGY AND FISHERIES

Unit 1: Aquatic environment: Classification of freshwater habitats - Lotic and lentic ecosystems-

lakes, rivers b) Structure of aquatic ecosystems - Morphometry - lake and river. c) Physical

factors (light and temperature). Chemical factors. Biological zonation Oceanography: a) General

features, waves, tides, current and upwelling. b) General submarine topography c) Physico-

chemical properties of Estuary – Salinity and temperature.

Unit 2: Aquatic community:

a) Plankton - Classification, distribution and migration b) Benthos – Animal communities in

lakes, stream and reservoir Management and conservation of aquatic habitats: a) Management of

lakes - Eutrophication, control of nutrient and macrophyte biomass b) River management and

restoration c) Conservation of wetlands.

Unit 3: Fish diversity and body design: 13hr a) Distribution of freshwater fishes of India. b)

Distribution of marine fishes of India. c) Gas exchange and swimming – i. Air breathing organs

and gas bladder ii. Swimming modes (fin versus body trunk, swimming muscles and tail beat)

Fish growth and reproduction: a) Growth curves b) Reproduction- Reproductive cycles,

reproductive behaviour, parental care, Pheromones.

Unit 4: Fish culture practice in India: a) Freshwater carps (Indian major and minor) and

Lacustrine fish culture (ornamental). b) Mariculture – Finfish and shellfish culture.

c) Hybridization and cryopreservation d) Fish and shell fish diseases, prophylaxis and therapy.

Fishery technology and economics: a) Fishing gears and crafts b) Fishing industry in India

(including preservation and processing) c) Fishery research Institutes in India. d) Fishery

economics.

Bibliography

1. Beaven C R1998 Handbook of the freshwater fishes of India (Narendra Publishing House)

2. Biswas K P 1996 A Text Book of Fish, Fisheries and Technology, 2nd ed. (Narendra

Publishing House)

3. Brown E and Margret 1957 Physiology of Fishes Vol I & II (Academic Press, Inc. Publishers)

4. Daniels R J R 2002 Freshwater fishes of Peninsular India (Universities press)

5. Jhingran V 1982 Fish and Fisheries of India 2nd Ed (Hind Publication Comp.)

6. Jobling M 1995 Environmental Biology of Fishes (Chapmen and Hall)

7. Kumar S and Thembre M 1996 Anatomy and Physiology of Fishes (Vikas Publishing House)

8. Lagler K F, Bardach J E, Miller R R and Passino D R 1977 Ichthyology (John Wiley & Sons)

9. Nikolsky G V 1999 Ecology of Fishes (Allied Scientific Publishers)

10. Pillay T V S 1990 Aquaculture – Principles and practices (Fishing News Books Oxford)

11. Selvamani B.R & Mahadevan R.K 2008 Freshwater fish farming (Campus Books

International)

D43-ECONOMIC ZOOLOGY

Unit 1: Apiculture, Sericulture, Pisciculture and Poultry:

a) Different species of honey bees, bee plants, pollen calendar, bee keeping and management

practices, bee products, pests of honey bees and their management.

b) Different silkworm species and their host plants, silkworm rearing and management practices,

pests of silkworms and their management.

Unit 2: Pisciculture and Poultry:

a) Types of fishery: Marine, Inland. Prawn culture. Composite fish culture, Induced breeding and

Hybridization. Fish and shell fish diseases and their control measures. Pearl culture – Oysters

and pearl formation. Composition, colour, size and quality of pearl.

b) Poultry: types and breeds, biology of fowl, methods of rearing and maintenance, diseases of

poultry and their control measures.

Unit 3: Pests and their management: Insect pests and vectors: major insect pests of crops (rice,

coconut, sugarcane, mango) and house hold pests (cockroaches, bedbug, house fly)- biology and

management. Important insect vectors of human diseases (malaria, filaria, leishmania, dengue,

chikungunya, encephalitis)- biology and management. Rodent pests and their management.

Integrated Pest Management (IPM).

Unit 4: Biodiversity, wildlife and conservation: Global and local trends of biodiversity, Mega

biodiversity countries, hot spots and heritage sites, Threats to biodiversity. Wildlife-scope and

importance, IUCN Red list categories. Habitat diversity of Indian wildlife, endemic and

threatened species. Conservation- sanctuaries, national parks, zoological parks, botanical

gardens, biodiversity Act, Indian wildlife (Protection) Act.

Bibliography

1. Ananthakrishnan T N and Shivaramakrishnan K G 2008 Ecological entomology: Insect life in

odd environment (Scientific Pub.: India)

2. David B V and Ananthakrishnan T N 2004 General and Applied Entomology. 2nd Edition

(Tata McGrw-Hill Publ. Co. Ltd.: New Delhi)

3. Dent D R 1998 Insect pest management (Westville Publishing House: Delhi)

4. Eldridge B 2004 Medical entomology (Springer)

5. Ellermann J R 1961 The Fauna of India (Manager of Publications: New Delhi)

6. Fenemore P G and Prakash A 2009 Applied Entomology (New Age Publishers: New Delhi) 7.

Gee E P 1964 The Wildlife of India (Collins: London)

8. Ghosh A K 2008 Biodiversity (The Energy and Resources Institute: Delhi)

16. Lovejoy T E and Hannah L 2006 Climate change and biodiversity (The Energy and

Resources Institute: Delhi)

17. Magurran A E and McGill B J 2011 Biological Diversity: Frontiers in Measurement and

Assessment (Oxford University Press: USA)

18. Mani M S 1974 Ecology and Biogeography of India (Junk Publ.: The Hague)

19. Menon V 2003 A filed guide to Indian mammals (Dorling Kindersley Pvt. Ltd.: India)

20. Nair S C 1991 Southern Western Ghats: A biodiversity conservation plan (Indraprastha

Press: New Delhi)

D44-Medical Laboratory Technique (MLT)

Unit I

Introduction to Histopathology, expfoliative Cytology, Basic steps for Tissue Processing- Fixing,

Embedding, Microtomy, Staining, Mounting, methods of decalcifications.

Unit -II

Blood gropuing-Blood transfusion-Blood donation-Blood collection -Storage and transportation-

Maintenance of Blood Bank Records- Compatibility Testing- Blood Components- Blood

Transfusion Reactions

Unit- III

Staining Methods - Hematoxylin & Eosin stain, Hematoxylin - Types, methods of preparation,

staining, Eosin - Method of preparation-Reticulin stain - PAP staining- components & methods.

Unit-IV

Museum Techniques -The mounting of pathological specimens - Introduction., Preparation of

specimen, Fixation of specimen- Kaiserling solution-1 & Kaiserling solution-2-Precaution taken

for the Fixation of Specimens. -Storage of Specimens. -Mounting of Museum Specimens.-

Routine Mounting of Specimens. -Filling and Scaling

Unit-V

Laboratory requirements for Histopathology & Cytology - Chemicals & Reagents, Equipments -

Microscope, Microtome -Types, Uses, Parts, different types of microtome knives, care &

maintenance. Automated tissue processor - components, working & precautions during use,

Tissue floating bath.

D45-SILK WORM REARING TECHNOLOGY

OBJECTIVES: To know the influence of various factors on silkworm growth and

development. To know the new techniques silkworm rearing. To understand the methods of

non mulberry silkworm rearing.

Unit 1: Different races in mulberry silkworm-classification based on voltinism, moultinism and

geographic origin. Popular silkworm breeds and hybrids for commercial rearing, their

adaptability, productivity etc. Silkworm rearing technology: prerequisite planning for rearing and

programme of mulberry leaf production. Importance of Types of rearing, seed crop rearing and

commercial rearing, pre-requisites for rearing. Rearing house, model rearing house, construction

of different types of rearing houses, modification to control Uzi fly infestation, sanitation,

disinfectants and their effects, and their role in disease management, importance of disinfection-

physical, chemical, and gaseous types-formalin requirements for effective disinfection. Rearing

equipments for shelf rearing and shoot rearing methods. Methods and importance of incubation,

black boxing techniques, brushing of silkworm,

Unit 2: Mulberry leaf quality: Various factors affecting leaf quality (tender, medium and coarse

leaves) nutritional requirements, harvesting and transportation- preservation of mulberry leaf,

chopping of mulberry leaves, requirements at different instars-artificial diet, their advantage and

limitations role of hormones and the chemicals on rearing performance. Environmental factors

for rearing, measurements, and regulation of environmental factors such as photoperiods,

temperature, and humidity. Effect of temperature and humidity on young and late age silkworm-

control of temperature and humidity, controlling devices, effect of air and light on rearing.

Unit 3: Young age silkworm rearing: Characteristics of young age larvae (chawki), different

methods adopted including isolation chamber method, co-operative chawik rearing, and

importance of chawki rearing centers. Method adopted in sericulturally advanced countries. Late

age silkworm rearing: Characteristics-different methods (shoot and tray rearing), their merits,

and demerits-importance in sericulture economics. Cleaning and Spacing: Objectives and

methods of cleaning. Time and frequency of cleaning for different instars, objectives of spacing,

optimum spacing for different ages, molting, care during molting. Recent/Modern concepts in

chawki and late age silkworm rearing (Isolation chamber, single feeding shoot, pit, and floor

rearing), merits and demerits. Improved techniques of rearing over traditional practices.

Unit 4: Spinning: Characteristics of spinning larvae, mechanism of silk formation, cocoon

formation different their. Advantages and disadvantages, mounting-different methods-merits and

limitations, care during mounting, environmental conditions during spinning.

Unit 5 : Harvesting of Cocoons: Time of harvesting of Cocoons, defective cocoons-double, and

flimsy. Deformed, stained and melted cocoons-characteristics and their impact on cocoon

quality, remedial measures to avoid defective cocoons, cocoon assessment-transportation and

marketing of cocoons-leaf cocoon ratio. Rearing technology for non-mulberry silkworms Tasar,

Oak tasar Muga, Eri and silkworm varieties.

REFERENCES:

1. Charsley, S.R. (1982). Culture and Sericulture. Academic Press Inc., New York, U.S.A

2. Chowdhury, S.N. (1998) Muga Culture. Central Silk Board, Bangalore, India

3. Dokuhon, Z.S. (1998). Illustrated Textbook on Sericulture. Oxford & IBH publishing Co., Pvt.

Ltd. Calcutta.

4. Hamamura, Y. (2001). Silkworm rearing on Artificial Diet. Oxford & IBH publishing Co.,

Pvt. Ltd. New Delhi.

5. Hasao Aruga (1994). Principles of Sericulture (Translated from Japanese ) Oxford & IBH

publishing Co., Pvt. Ltd. New Delhi.

6. Jolly, M.S. Chowdhuty, S.N and Sen. (1975). Non-Mulberry Sericulture in India. Central Silk

Board, Bombay, India.

7. Jolly, M.S (1998). Tasar Culture. Central Silk Board, Bangalore, India.

8. Sarkar, D.C. (1998) Eri Culture. Central Silk Board, Bangalore

9. Techniques of Silkworm rearing in the tropics. Economic and Social commission of Asia and

the Pacific. United Nations, New York. 1993.

10. Veda, K. Nagai, I., Horikomi, M (1997) Silkworm Rearing (Translated from Japanese.

Oxford & IBH publishing co., Co., Pvt. Ltd. New Delhi.

11. Wu Pang-Chuan and Chen Da-Chuang. (1994) Silkworm rearing. Oxford & IBH publishing

Co., Pvt. Ltd. New Delhi.

12. Proceedings of the 20th Congress of the International Sericulture Commission-2005.

Volume-2. Published by Central Silk Board, Bangalore-68, India.

13. Rajan, R.K. Hemanth Raju 2005, Text Book on silkworm rearing, Central Silk Board,

Bangalore.

Value Added Course

D46-Communicative Applications in English

Objectives

1. To assist the students attain high level proficiency in all the four language skills.

2. To qualify them for competitive examinations and various International English Language

Tests.

3. To develop their career prospects and employability.

4. To enable them develop their personality by fine tuning their communication and presentation

skills.

UNIT I

Listening and Speaking: varieties of modern English – British, American, Indian – basic sounds

– deviations in American and other varieties – stress – word – stress and sentence stress –

intonation. Verbal Communication: conversation – basic techniques – how to begin, interrupt,

hesitate and end – how to express time, age, feelings and emotions – how to respond.

UNIT II

Using language in various contexts/situations –talking about oneself, others – describing persons,

places, incidents, events and objects – attending an interview – addressing an audience – using

audio-visual aids – making short speeches – compering – group discussion. On-verbal

Communication: body language: postures – orientation – eye contact – facial expression – dress

– posture – self-concept – self-image – self-esteem – attitudes – values and perception.

UNIT III

Reading and Writing -Skimming and scanning – fast reading – writing short messages – e mails

– preparing notes and reports based on visuals, graphs and diagrams – letters – informal,

formal/official/business related – preparing agenda, minutes – Describing persons, places,

incidents and events – writing ads – short argumentative essays. Words often confused and

misused – synonyms – antonyms – idioms commonly used – corresponding -American

expressions.

UNIT IV

Writing for Specific Purposes Scientific writing – business writing – preparation of project

proposals – writing of summaries and reviews of movies and books in English/regional

languages.

UNIT V

Practical Sessions

Language Skills Test (Written)

Teachers could encourage the students at the following tasks:

1. Translation of short and simple passages – from Malayalam to English

2. Providing captions for photos and pictures

3. Symposium – presenting different aspects of a debatable topic.

References

1. Mukhopadhyay, Lina et al. Polyskills: A Course in Communication Skills and Life Skills.

Foundation,2012.

2. O’Conner, J. D. Better English Pronunciation. CUP.

3. Swan, Michael. Practical English Usage. OUP.

4. Driscoll, Liz. Cambridge: Common Mistakes at Intermediate. CUP.

Value Added Course

D47-Writing and Presentation Skills

Objectives

1. To familiarize students with different modes of general and academic writing.

2. To assist them master writing techniques to meet academic and professional needs.

3. To enable them to study the basics of academic presentation

4. To sharpen their accuracy in writing.

UNIT I

Writing as a skill – its importance – mechanism of writing – words and sentences - paragraph as

a unit of structuring a whole text – combining different sources – functional use of writing –

personal, academic and business writing – creative use of writing.

UNIT II

Writing process - planning a text – finding materials - drafting – revising – editing - finalizing

the draft -computer as an aid – key board skills - word processing - desk top publishing.

UNIT III

Writing models – essay - précis - expansion of ideas – dialogue - letter writing – personal letters

formal letters - CV – surveys – questionnaire - e-mail – fax - job application - report writing.

Academic writing - writing examinations - evaluating a text - note-making- paraphrasing –

summary writing - planning a text – organizing paragraphs – introduction – body – conclusion –

rereading and rewriting - copy editing - accuracy.

UNIT IV

Presentation as a skill - elements of presentation strategies – audience – objectives – medium –

key ideas - structuring the material - organizing content - audio-visual aids – handouts - use of

power point -clarity of presentation.

UNIT V

Non-verbal communication- Body Language for Presentation Skills – Gesture - seminar paper

presentation and discussion.

References

1. Robert, Barraas. Students Must Write. London: Routledge, 2006.

2. Bailey, Stephen. Academic Writing. Routledge, 2006.

3. Hamp-Lyons, Liz, Ben Heasley. Study Writing. 2nd Edition. Cambridge Uty Press, 2008.

4. Ilona, Leki. Academic Writing. CUP, 1998.

5. McCarter, Sam, Norman Whitby. Writing Skills. Macmillan India, 2009.

6. Jay. Effective Presentation. New Delhi: Pearson, 2009.

7. Munter, Mary and Lynn Rusell. Guide to Presentations. Pearson Education.

8. Mayor, Michael, et al, Ed. Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English. 5th Edition.

London: Pearson Longman Ltd, 200

D-50- Library organization & management

Unit 1: Modern concept of Library, Library information & Society, laws of Library Science. Their

implications to organization & management of Libraries.

Unit 2: Types of Libraries & functions public library system : State, District, Rural Libraries.

Library movement and public Library legislation in Kerala. Broad acquaintance with other types of

Libraries, Academic and special Libraries.

Unit 3: Organization of a small Library : Finance Building Furniture & Fittings

Selection, ordering and accessioning of books and periodicals, withdrawals of books maintenance

of books & periodicals stock room and Display methods.

Unit 4: Circulation work : Issue method

Library rules, Library Accounts, Library Statistics Annual Report, Library Committees Public relation

and extension activities Library and Literacy Program.

Unit 5:

Stock Verification Preservation of books binding

Reference : Library Manual by Krishan Kumar.