Unit I Evolution of Computing
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Transcript of Unit I Evolution of Computing
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Evolution of Computing
From Centralized to Distributed Systems
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Evolution of Computing
The nature and structure of computer networks havechanged in conjunction with hardware and softwaretechnology
Computers and networks have evolved from the highly
centralized mainframe systems of the 1950s and 1960sto the distributed systems of the 1960 and into thenew millennium
Todays enterprise networks include a variety ofcomputing devices such as terminals ,PCs,workstations,minicomputers,mainframes and supercomputers.
These devices can be connected via a number ofnetworking technologies like LAN,MAN,WAN
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Types of Computing Models
Mainframes
Mini Computers
Personnel Computer Client/Server Model
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Mainframe
The Parent of all computers is theMainframe
The first mainframe computer weredeveloped in 1940s, but they wereonly confined research anddevelopment uses.
By the late 1950s governemnt andsome corporate environments wereusing these computers
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Mainframe Systems
These are very huge in size and inprice.
Together with connected I/O devicesthey occupied entire rooms.
These are highly specialized :theywere designed for specific tasks suchas military applications.
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Execution in mainframes
Using punched cards and paper tapes.
Batch processing was implemented in
this era. Now IBM is still the leading vendor of
mainframes. With System/390 modeland SNA.
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1950s Mainframe Systems
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Mini Computer
In the early 1960s individual departmentsmaintain a separate computer called SuperComputer.
This Super Computer was first developedby Digital Equipment Corporation(DEC)(PDP5) in 1963.
It has the same basic components ofmainframes but occupied very small space.
It is smaller , less powerful , and lessexpensive.
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Distributed Mini Computer
Mini computer started the evolutionfrom centralized to distributedcomputing in which no centralauthority ; all are same.
Companies such as banks and retailpurchased used this distributed mini
computer.
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Mini Computer
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Personal Computer
In 1981 IBM released its first personalcomputer .These PCs sometimes called asMicroComputers since they are used microchips.
PCs are small ,low cost desktop systemswhich are appeared in every corporate andpersonal environment.
From this era so many software's arereleased for general purposes such as wordprocessing, spread sheets , graphicspackages, and games.
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Personal Computer