Unit 9 Test ReviewSub-Saharan Africa

1. What’s the difference between primary, secondary, tertiary, & quarternary economic activities? Primary--uses natural resources

directly (like farming) Secondary—uses raw material to make

something of better value Tertiary—service industry Quarternary—information processing

2. What is the major rainforest of Africa? On what part of the continent is it located? The Congo In Central Africa

3. In the Triangular Trade, where were African slaves taken? Slaves (and their cultures) were taken

primarily to North & South America & the Caribbean

4. What is the Sahel? Where is it located? Describe its climate. Large grassland area bordering the

Sahara desert Semi-arid steppe climate (more rain

than a desert)

5. Define genocide. The systematic killing or intentional

destruction of a race or ethnic group

6. Describe reasons for the fighting in Sudan. Ethnicity, oil, & desertification

Not considered genocide because the fighting was not to kill an entire race.

7. Describe the difference between commercial farming and subsistence farming. C—growing large amounts to be sold S—just growing enough for your family

8. Compare the culture of North Africa to the culture of Sub-Saharan Africa. N—Islamic, speaks Arabic, more

developed

S—Many languages, ethnic groups, & religions (Christianity, animism, tribal religions)

9. Do many people move from Sub-Saharan Africa to the northern coast of Africa? Why or why not?

No, there’s a desert in between

10. What is the Great Rift Valley? Where is it located? What created it? Canyons, volcanoes, & mountains along

the east coast of Africa formed by plates colliding and then splitting apart

11. What religion is most common in North Africa? What religions are practiced in Sub-Saharan Africa? Islam

Christianity, Animism, tribal religions

12. Do most countries in Africa speak one language or multiple languages? What is the cause of this? Multiple languages Lots of European cultures influenced

Africa during colonization

13. What is Apartheid? How did it affect the people of South Africa? Separation of the races in South Africa Leftover from unequal rights and

treatment by Europeans

14. What is a natural boundary? What is a man-man made boundary? N—border made by a landform (river,

lake, mountain, etc) M-imaginary line drawn by leaders

(usually a latitude/longitude line

15. What push factors are affecting Sub-Saharan Africa? War, diseases, poverty, starvation,

desertification

16. Is the climate of Sub-Saharan Africa getting more dry or wet? How is this affecting their economies? Dry, deserts are getting bigger

Natural & desertification Less crops, more starvation

17. What natural resources are abundant in Sub-Saharan Africa? Gold, diamonds, oil, freshwater (in

Central Africa)

18. What did Europeans think about Africa and its people before they colonized it? Primitive, wanted them to be more like

Europe

19. How do drought conditions affect a nation’s economy? No food, must buy food from outside

sources to avoid starvation or rely on aid

20. What factors affect the climate of Africa? Wind currents, climate conditions like

little rain, latitude/longitude

21. What parts of Africa have the most dense population? Least dense? Most—West coast, SE coast

Least—North (Sahara)

22. Describe what conditions make an area a desert. Receives less than 10 in. of rain/year

23. How can Africa increase trade and tourism across the continent? Increase safety, make travel easier

24. What are the physical characteristics of a place? What are the cultural characteristics of a place? Physical—landforms

Cultural—people, government, religion, economy, history

25. Are most African nations considered developed or underdeveloped? underdeveloped

26. What is a pandemic? In what ways can Africa help fight its AIDS epidemic? A disease that has spread across a

country or continent

Education, working together

27. How have Africans adapted to living in the desert? In the rainforest? D—irrigation

R—using plants for medicine, trees for homes

28. What is the difference between human adaptation and modification of the environment? A—You adapt your life to fit in the

environment (moving when it floods)

M—You modify the land to fit your needs (build a dam so it won’t flood)

29. What factors give a country a high standard of living? Higher per capita GDP Fewer health problems

30. What should a nation do to improve a low standard of living? Improve medical opportunities