UNIT 9ENGINEERING

ACS 206LANGUAGE LEADER - INTERMEDIATE

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9.1 FROM ENGINES TO ENGINEERSReading Act. 1 (p. 90)

What do engineers do?

What different types of engineers are there?

Reading 2a (p. 90)

• Look at the text. Where do you think it comes from?

The text is probably a leaflet or an informational ad in a

magazine.It’s aimed at

women as can be inferred from the

title and the photo.

Reading 2b (p. 91)

• Choose the most suitable heading for each paragraph.

• ???• 1 a; 2 b; 3 d; 4 e; 5 c

Reading 2c (p. 91)• Match these inventions with the type of engineering field

mentioned in the text.• 1) roads • 2) aircraft

• 3)a washing machine

• 4) microchips

• 5) heart pacemaker

civil engineering

aerospace engineering

Mechanical engineering

Computer engineering

Biomedical engineering

LISTENING (p. 91)

• 3a Lindsay Barone is one of the few women engineers in a high position. Listen to the interview.

• What type of engineering has she worked in?

• -Aerospace engineering; but she studied mechanical engineering at university.

LISTENING (p. 91)

• Do activities 3b and 4.

VOCABULARY: word combination (p. 91)

• 5a Match the verbs with the most appropriate words and phrases.

Build a model/prototype

Test a theoryDo safety tests

Solve a problem

Make a breakthrough

Do some research

Meet deadlines

Find a solution

VOCABULARY: word combination (p. 91)

• 5b Complete the sentences with an appropriate combination from exercise 5a. The first letter of the noun is given.

SPEAKING: Activity 6 (p. 91)Work with a partner. Look at the list of some great engineering achievements.

Add one more achievement to each category.

Decide which is the greatest engineering achievement in each category.

9.2 GRAMMAR: The Passive (p. 93)• Look at these sentences and spot the passive structure

- The earth has been struck many times in the past by large objects.- The meteorite is estimated to be 12 kilometres in diameter. - The rock, 2001 YB5, was first seen in December 2000.- Only about half of the large Near Earth Objects (NEOs) have been found.- It is estimated that about 500 NEOs have not yet been discovered.- 30 percent of the sky hasn’t been surveyed.- A research project has just been set up by NASA.- Computer simulations will be used to work out the feasibility of changing the

direction of asteroids.- Plans have already been announced by European Science Agency.- Two spacecrafts will be used.

9.2 GRAMMAR: The Passive (p. 93)

• In which tense are these passive structures formed?

- The earth has been struck many times in the past by large objects.- The meteorite is estimated to be 12 kilometres in diameter. - The rock, 2001 YB5, was first seen in December 2000.- Only about half of the large Near Earth Objects (NEOs) have been found.- It is estimated that about 500 NEOs have not yet been discovered.- 30 percent of the sky hasn’t been surveyed.- A research project has just been set up by NASA.- Computer simulations will be used to work out the feasibility of changing the

direction of asteroids.- Plans have already been announced by European Science Agency.- Two spacecrafts will be used.

9.2 GRAMMAR: The Passive (p. 93)

• Do exercises 4c / 5a-b / 6 / 7a-b

9.3 SUPERSTRUCTURES

SPEAKINGWhat is the

largest structure you have ever been in or on?

How did you feel in/on something so

big?

How would you feel if you were:a)At the top of a building?

b)In a tunnel deep in the ground?c)In a building at the bottom of the sea?

9.3 Vocabulary• Aircraft (n.): any vehicle, with or without an

engine, that can fly, such as a plane or helicopter:

• e.g: military aircraft

9.3 Vocabulary• Aviation (n.): the activity of flying aircraft, or

of designing, producing, and keeping them in good condition:

• e.g: the British Civil Aviation Authority• e.g: the US Federal Aviation Administration• e.g: aviation fuel

9.3 Vocabulary• Prototype (n.): the first example of

something, such as a machine or other industrial product, from which all later forms are developed:

• e.g: a prototype for/of a new car

9.3 Vocabulary• Flight test (n. Phr.): a branch of aeronautical

engineering that develops and gathers data during flight of an aircraft

9.3 Vocabulary• Mass-produce (v.): to produce a lot of goods

cheaply using machines in a factory

9.3 Vocabulary• Modification (n.): a change to something, usually to

improve it: • e.g: Modification of the engine to run on lead-free

fuel is fairly simple.• e.g: A couple of modifications and the speech will be

perfect.

9.3 Vocabulary• Simulation (n.): a model of a set of problems or

events that can be used to teach someone how to do something, or the process of making such a model:

• e.g: The manager prepared a computer simulation of likely sales performance for the rest of the year.

9.3 Vocabulary

• Wind-tunnel (n. Phr.): a closed passage or room through which currents of air are forced in order to study the effects of moving air on aircraft and other vehicles

Grammar: ARTICLES• We use a/an: - When we refer to a singular-countable noun for the first

time• We use the:- When we refer to something that has been mentioned

before- With the names of some countries (the USA, the UK, the

Netherlands, the Czech Republic)- With the names of geographical features (seas, island

groups, mountain ranges, oceans, rivers…)- When there is only one of something (The tunnel)- When we know which thing the speaker/writer refers to

(the sea…)

Grammar: ARTICLES

• Do exercises 2-3-4

9.3 READING (pp.94-95)

• Do exercises 5 a-b-c