Unit 9: Astronomy
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Transcript of Unit 9: Astronomy
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Unit 9: Astronomy
Earth Science, Chapters 21-24
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Unit Big Idea/Essential Questions
Entire universe is driven by energy: gravity and electromagnetism.
Essential Questions1.How is the Doppler Effect used to explain movement of the universe?
2. Explain stellar evolution and how spectroscopes can identify material in a star.
3. How has the view of the universe changed over time?ES Standards: 4.1, 4.2, 4.3
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Key Vocabulary
Aphelion Declination Geocentric Heliocentric Perihelion Retrograde
motion Revolution Rotation
Escape Velocity Maria Solar Nebula Doppler Effect Nuclear Fusion Spectroscopy Absolute/Apparent
magnitude Nebula
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Golden Age of Astronomy Centered in Greece Used geometry and trigonometry Geocentric View and Ptolemaic
System Aristotle- Earth is spherical Eratosthenes- Size of Earth Aristarchus- Distances from Earth Hipparchus- Star Catalogue
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Modern Astronomy
Copernicus and Heliocentric View Tycho Brahe and stellar parallax Kepler and Elliptical orbits Galileo Netwon and Laws of Motion
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Law of Universal Gravitation
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Law of Universal Gravitation Fgravity= G(m1m2/d2) Gravitational Constant (G):
6.67 x 10-11 N*m2/kg2
Calculate force between an object with 50 kg and another object with 50 kg that are .75 m away from each other.
What is the force when the distance is 2500 m?
What happened to the Force of gravity as distance increased?
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Positions in the Sky
2 mapping Systems Constellations Equatorial (declination and right ascension)
Motions of Earth Rotation Revolution
Earth-Moon System
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Origins of the Solar System Theories
Big Bang Nebula
Terrestrial vs. Jovian Planets Earth’s Moon
Theory of formation Lunar Surface
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Signals From Space Electromagnetic Spectrum
Physics of Light Spectrums
Continuous Dark-Line Bright-Line
Doppler Effect Telescopes
Optical Non-Optical
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Sun
Structure Interior Visible Surface: photosphere Atmosphere: chromosphere and corona
Activity Sunspots Prominences Flares
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Stars
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Question of the Day
How do caves form?
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Groundwater
Rate of movement and amount depends on Porosity Permeability Aquitards Aquifers
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Glaciation
Two types Glacial Movement
Zone of accumulation Zone of wastage
Erosion by plucking and abrasion
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Glacial Features via Erosion Glacial Trough Hanging Valleys Cirques Aretes Horns Fjords
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Question of the Day
What are the differences between continental glaciers and alpine glaciers?
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Depositional Features
Till vs. Stratified Drift Glacial Erratics Moranines Outwash Plains Drumlins Eskers Kames Kettle Lakes
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Causes of Glaciation
Plate Tectonics Changes in Earth’s Orbit Changes in output energy from Sun Albedo and Atmosphere composition
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Wind Erosion and Deposition Deflations and Abrasion Loess Sand Dunes
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