Unit 8 Fourteen Steps. Contents Contents Pre-reading questions Pre-reading questions Pre-reading...

Unit 8Unit 8

Fourteen Steps Fourteen Steps

ContentsContents

• Pre-reading questionsPre-reading questions• Background informationBackground information• Structure analysisStructure analysis • Comprehension questionsComprehension questions • Language points of Text ILanguage points of Text I• Grammatical itemsGrammatical items• ExercisesExercises• Comprehension questions of Text IIComprehension questions of Text II• Oral activitiesOral activities• Writing practiceWriting practice

Text I Fourteen stepsText I Fourteen steps

• Pre-reading questionsPre-reading questions

• 1. Can you invalid lead a happy life ? Please explain.

• 2. How would you show your appreciation if somebody helps you when you are in trouble?

Background information (1)Background information (1)Christopher ReeveChristopher Reeve

http://www.cnn.com/2004/SHOWBIZ/Movies/10/11/obit.reeve/http://www.cnn.com/2004/SHOWBIZ/Movies/10/11/obit.reeve/

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http://www.cnn.com/2004/SHOWBIZ/Movies/10/11/obit.reeve/



Background information (2)Background information (2)

Background information (3)Background information (3)Christopher Reeve’s DecisionChristopher Reeve’s Decision

(After his devastating accident, he had to find a (After his devastating accident, he had to find a reason to keep living.)reason to keep living.)

Christopher ReeveChristopher Reeve

• On a may weekend in 1995, my world On a may weekend in 1995, my world changed forever. I was competing in an changed forever. I was competing in an equestrian event in Virginia when my horse, equestrian event in Virginia when my horse, Buck, decided to put on the brakes just before Buck, decided to put on the brakes just before the third jump.the third jump.

•


• When he stopped suddenly, momentum carried When he stopped suddenly, momentum carried me over the top of his head. My hands got me over the top of his head. My hands got entangled in the bridle, and I couldn’t get an entangled in the bridle, and I couldn’t get an arm free to break my fall. All six-feet-four-arm free to break my fall. All six-feet-four-inches and 215 pounds of me landed headfirst. inches and 215 pounds of me landed headfirst. Within seconds I was paralyzed from the neck Within seconds I was paralyzed from the neck down and fighting for air like a drowning down and fighting for air like a drowning person.person.

(To be continued)(To be continued)


• I woke up five days later in the intensive-care I woke up five days later in the intensive-care unit at the University of Virginia hospital. Dr. unit at the University of Virginia hospital. Dr. John Jane, head of neurosurgery at the John Jane, head of neurosurgery at the hospital, said I had broken the top two cervical hospital, said I had broken the top two cervical vertebrae and that I was extremely lucky to vertebrae and that I was extremely lucky to have survived. He told my wife, Dana, and me have survived. He told my wife, Dana, and me that I might never be able to breathe on my that I might never be able to breathe on my own again. But my head was intact, and my own again. But my head was intact, and my brain stem—so close to the site of the injury—brain stem—so close to the site of the injury—appeared unharmed.appeared unharmed.


• Dr. Jane said my skull would have to be Dr. Jane said my skull would have to be reconnected to my spinal column. He wasn’t reconnected to my spinal column. He wasn’t sure if the operation would be successful, or sure if the operation would be successful, or even if I could survive.even if I could survive.

• Suddenly it dawned on me that I was going to Suddenly it dawned on me that I was going to be a huge burden to everybody, that I had be a huge burden to everybody, that I had ruined my life and everybody else’s. ruined my life and everybody else’s. Why not Why not diedie, I thought miserably, , I thought miserably, and save everyone a and save everyone a lot of troublelot of trouble??


• As family and friends visited, my spirits were As family and friends visited, my spirits were on a roller-coaster ride. I would feel so grateful on a roller-coaster ride. I would feel so grateful when someone came a long way to cheer me when someone came a long way to cheer me up. But the time would come when everybody up. But the time would come when everybody had to leave, and I’d lie there and stare at the had to leave, and I’d lie there and stare at the wall, stare at the future, stare in disbelief.wall, stare at the future, stare in disbelief.

• When I would finally fall asleep, I’d be whole When I would finally fall asleep, I’d be whole again, making love to Dana, riding or acting in again, making love to Dana, riding or acting in a play. Then I’d wake up and realize that I a play. Then I’d wake up and realize that I could no longer do any of that; I was just taking could no longer do any of that; I was just taking up space.up space.


• One day Dana came into the room and stood One day Dana came into the room and stood beside me. I could not talk because of the beside me. I could not talk because of the ventilator. But as we made eye contact, I ventilator. But as we made eye contact, I mouthed the words, “Maybe we should let me mouthed the words, “Maybe we should let me go.” go.”

• Dana started crying. “I am only going to say Dana started crying. “I am only going to say this once,” she said. “I will support whatever this once,” she said. “I will support whatever you want to do because this is your life and you want to do because this is your life and your decision. But I want you to know that I’ll your decision. But I want you to know that I’ll be with you for the long haul, no matter what.”be with you for the long haul, no matter what.”


• Then she added the words that saved my life: Then she added the words that saved my life: “You’re still you. And I love you.”“You’re still you. And I love you.”

• I can’t drift away from thisI can’t drift away from this, I began to , I began to realize. realize. I don’t want to leaveI don’t want to leave..

Dana and MeDana and Me• A crisis like my accident doesn’t change a A crisis like my accident doesn’t change a

marriage; it brings out what is truly there. It marriage; it brings out what is truly there. It intensifies but does not transform it. Dana intensifies but does not transform it. Dana rescued me when I was lying in Virginia with rescued me when I was lying in Virginia with a broken body, but that was really the second a broken body, but that was really the second time. The first time was the night we met.time. The first time was the night we met.


• It was June 1987, and a long-term relationship It was June 1987, and a long-term relationship of mine had ended. I was determined to be of mine had ended. I was determined to be alone and focus on my work. Since childhood alone and focus on my work. Since childhood I had developed the belief that a few isolated I had developed the belief that a few isolated moments of happiness were the best you could moments of happiness were the best you could hope for in relationships. I didn’t want to risk hope for in relationships. I didn’t want to risk too much because I was certain that too much because I was certain that disappointment would follow.disappointment would follow.

•


• Then one night I went to a cabaret with friends,Then one night I went to a cabaret with friends, and Dana Morosini stepped onstage. She wore and Dana Morosini stepped onstage. She wore an off-the-shoulder dress and sang “The Music an off-the-shoulder dress and sang “The Music That Makes Me Dance”. I went down hook, linThat Makes Me Dance”. I went down hook, line and sinker.e and sinker.


• Afterward I went backstage and introduced Afterward I went backstage and introduced myself. At the time, I was an established film myself. At the time, I was an established film actor. You wouldn’t think I’d have a problem actor. You wouldn’t think I’d have a problem with a simple conversation with a woman. But with a simple conversation with a woman. But when I offered her a ride to the party we were when I offered her a ride to the party we were all going to, she said, “No, thanks, I have my all going to, she said, “No, thanks, I have my own car.” All I could say was “Oh”. I dragged own car.” All I could say was “Oh”. I dragged myself out to my old pickup truck, trying to myself out to my old pickup truck, trying to plan my next move.plan my next move.


• Later I tried again. We talked for a solid hour. Later I tried again. We talked for a solid hour. I have no idea what we talked about. I have no idea what we talked about. Everything seemed to evaporate around us. I Everything seemed to evaporate around us. I thought to myself, thought to myself, I don’t want to make a I don’t want to make a mistake and ruin thismistake and ruin this..

• We started dating in a very old-fashioned We started dating in a very old-fashioned way. I got to know Dana’s parents, and we way. I got to know Dana’s parents, and we developed an easy rapport. And Dana was developed an easy rapport. And Dana was instantly comfortable with my two children, instantly comfortable with my two children, Matthew and Alexandra. It filled me with joyMatthew and Alexandra. It filled me with joy..


• Dana and I were married in April 1992. Three Dana and I were married in April 1992. Three years later came my accident and Dana’s years later came my accident and Dana’s words in the hospital room: “You’re still you.”words in the hospital room: “You’re still you.”

• I mouthed, “This goes way beyond the I mouthed, “This goes way beyond the marriage vows—‘in sickness and in health’.” marriage vows—‘in sickness and in health’.” She said, “I know.” I knew then and there that She said, “I know.” I knew then and there that she was going to be with me forever. We had she was going to be with me forever. We had become a family.become a family.

Structure analysis of the text (1)Structure analysis of the text (1)

• According to the development of the story, the According to the development of the story, the text is composed of four parts, each of which text is composed of four parts, each of which focuses on one topic. Respectively, these focuses on one topic. Respectively, these topics are about the author’s first life, his topics are about the author’s first life, his second life, his third life and his reflection on second life, his third life and his reflection on the auto-repair incident.the auto-repair incident.


• Paragraphs 1-2

• These two paragraphs make up the first part of the text, in which the author’s life could be further divided into two phases: the first phase was a hard struggle to make a living because of the early death of his father and the support for his paralyzed mother, and the second phase was “a pleasant dream”, because the author had everything that a happy life can offer.


• Paragraphs 3-5Paragraphs 3-5• In these paragraphs, the author depicts is life In these paragraphs, the author depicts is life

afflicted by the disease, especially the afflicted by the disease, especially the difficulty in climbing the 14 steps. However, difficulty in climbing the 14 steps. However, what the author attempts to convey is not so what the author attempts to convey is not so much a picture of his struggle against the much a picture of his struggle against the disease as his painful climbing of the 14 steps. disease as his painful climbing of the 14 steps. Instead of boasting his strength and courage as Instead of boasting his strength and courage as one might expect, the author confides to us his one might expect, the author confides to us his frustration andfrustration and


• disillusionment through his reactions to the disillusionment through his reactions to the rhetorical question “Crazy?” (Paragraph 4) and rhetorical question “Crazy?” (Paragraph 4) and the assumption of others: “You might think the assumption of others: “You might think that here walked a man of courage and that here walked a man of courage and strength” (Paragraph 5). Thus we see hid dread strength” (Paragraph 5). Thus we see hid dread that he would be through—if he could not one that he would be through—if he could not one day repeat the process of climbing the steps.day repeat the process of climbing the steps.


• Paragraphs 6-8Paragraphs 6-8

• Paragraph 6 describes how the author got a flat Paragraph 6 describes how the author got a flat tire in a stormy night and his desperate need for tire in a stormy night and his desperate need for help. Paragraph 7 depicts how the man and the lhelp. Paragraph 7 depicts how the man and the little girl managed to replace the flat tire and hoittle girl managed to replace the flat tire and how the author felt about it. Paragraph 8 mainly cw the author felt about it. Paragraph 8 mainly consists of conversations between the author and onsists of conversations between the author and the old man and the little girl, in which the old the old man and the little girl, in which the old man declined the author’s payment.man declined the author’s payment.


• Paragraphs 9-10Paragraphs 9-10

• These two concluding paragraphs are the authoThese two concluding paragraphs are the author’s reflection on the incident and his life philosr’s reflection on the incident and his life philosophy, from which he discovered the true value ophy, from which he discovered the true value of life. of life.

Comprehension questions (1)Comprehension questions (1)

• 1. When was the period of time the author 1. When was the period of time the author considered happiest in his life?considered happiest in his life?

• For the author the happiest period was in the For the author the happiest period was in the second half of his first life when he got second half of his first life when he got married, had a good job, enjoyed excellent married, had a good job, enjoyed excellent health and had two lovely daughters. health and had two lovely daughters.


• 2. What was the author most afraid of after he 2. What was the author most afraid of after he was afflicted with a disease?was afflicted with a disease?

• The author was most afraid of the day when he The author was most afraid of the day when he was unable to climb whose steps, and that was unable to climb whose steps, and that would be the day of his defeat and the end of would be the day of his defeat and the end of his life. his life.


• 3. How did the author view the 14 steps?3. How did the author view the 14 steps?

• The author viewed the 14 steps as his The author viewed the 14 steps as his “challenge to continue living ” and something “challenge to continue living ” and something miserable that he had to accept and cope with miserable that he had to accept and cope with in order to hold on to his sanity and his wife in order to hold on to his sanity and his wife and his home and his job. and his home and his job.


• 4. How did the author fell when the man and the little 4. How did the author fell when the man and the little girl were working in the change the flat tire?girl were working in the change the flat tire?

• When the man and the little girl were trying to When the man and the little girl were trying to change the flat tire in the storm, the author did not change the flat tire in the storm, the author did not feel uncomfortable, though he first felt a bit sorry for feel uncomfortable, though he first felt a bit sorry for them. However, this uneasiness was soon relieved by them. However, this uneasiness was soon relieved by the thought that he would pay for their work. the thought that he would pay for their work.


• 5. Why was the author overwhelmed with shame and 5. Why was the author overwhelmed with shame and horror when the repair work was done?horror when the repair work was done?

• The author was hocked when he learned that the The author was hocked when he learned that the girl’s grandpa was a blind man, as disabled as girl’s grandpa was a blind man, as disabled as himself. This knowledge gave him shame and horror himself. This knowledge gave him shame and horror because as a disabled man, he had taken for granted because as a disabled man, he had taken for granted that he deserved other people’s help but he had never that he deserved other people’s help but he had never thought of helping others. thought of helping others.


• 6. What did the author learn from the auto-6. What did the author learn from the auto-repair incident?repair incident?

• The author learned from the incident that he The author learned from the incident that he should always be ready to help others as the should always be ready to help others as the blind man was, while struggling against his blind man was, while struggling against his adversity. adversity.

Language points of Text I (1)Language points of Text I (1)

• 1. 1. be inclined tobe inclined to: to be likely or tend to: to be likely or tend to

• eg. Middle-class victims eg. Middle-class victims areare more more inclined toinclined to conta contact the police.ct the police.

• I don’t feel I don’t feel inclined toinclined to talk to him. talk to him.

• 2. 2. care forcare for: to look after: to look after

• eg. He is very good at eg. He is very good at caring forcaring for sick old people. sick old people.

• Caring forCaring for a nervous injured bird requires a lot of a nervous injured bird requires a lot of patience.patience.


• 3.3. follow one’s example follow one’s example: to imitate: to imitate

• eg. Brian persuaded his brother to eg. Brian persuaded his brother to follow his follow his exampleexample and join the army. and join the army.

• I suggest you I suggest you follow Jed’s examplefollow Jed’s example and take and take some regular exercises.some regular exercises.

• 4. 4. afflictafflict: to cause severe suffering or pain: to cause severe suffering or pain

• eg. The old man was eg. The old man was afflictedafflicted with blindness. with blindness.

• Pollution might be one of the major problemPollution might be one of the major problems currently s currently afflictingafflicting Third World countries. Third World countries.


• 5. 5. with the aid ofwith the aid of: with the help of: with the help of

• eg. The bacteria can only be seen with the aid eg. The bacteria can only be seen with the aid of a high-power microscope.of a high-power microscope.

• 6. install6. install: v. to set up: v. to set up

• eg. The cost of eg. The cost of installinginstalling a computer system ca a computer system can be justified in terms of greater efficiency.n be justified in terms of greater efficiency.

• All gas stations have now All gas stations have now installedinstalled pumps fo pumps for leaded petrol.r leaded petrol.


• 7. to a degree7. to a degree: partly: partly

• eg. eg. To a degreeTo a degree this course of action was forc this course of action was forced upon her.ed upon her.

• 8. utterly8. utterly: completely: completely

• eg. Without UN help it would have beeneg. Without UN help it would have been utte utterlyrly impossible to arrange the conference. impossible to arrange the conference.

• We We utterlyutterly reject the philosophy of compul reject the philosophy of compulsory wage control.sory wage control.


• 9. disillusioned9. disillusioned: disappointed: disappointed

• eg. eg. DisillusionedDisillusioned by his team’s performance, the ma by his team’s performance, the manager resigned.nager resigned.

• Impossibly high expectations of the new regime haImpossibly high expectations of the new regime have left many voters ve left many voters disillusioneddisillusioned..

• 10. hold on to10. hold on to: to keep one’s grip on; not to let go of: to keep one’s grip on; not to let go of

• eg. eg. Hold on toHold on to your ticket—you might need it on the your ticket—you might need it on the return journey.return journey.


• 11. lead up to11. lead up to: to come before and result in: to come before and result in• eg. The book describes the trial and the eventeg. The book describes the trial and the event

s s leading up toleading up to it in great detail. it in great detail.• 12. steer12. steer: to control: to control• eg. She has eg. She has steeredsteered the company away from f the company away from f

inancial ruin.inancial ruin.• 13. jerk13. jerk: to pull suddenly and quickly: to pull suddenly and quickly• eg. Heeg. He jerked jerked the string and the light came on. the string and the light came on.


• 14. swerve14. swerve: to turn suddenly to one side: to turn suddenly to one side

• eg. The driver eg. The driver swervedswerved sharply to avoid hitting a sharply to avoid hitting a dog.dog.

• Next, the pitcher threw a curved ball, which Next, the pitcher threw a curved ball, which swswervederved away from me as I lunged forward to hit it. away from me as I lunged forward to hit it.

• 15. sweep15. sweep: to move quickly and smoothly (all ov: to move quickly and smoothly (all over)er)

• eg. A wave of panic eg. A wave of panic sweptswept over her. over her.

• A new dance craze A new dance craze sweptswept the country. the country.


• 16. 16. bundlebundle: to quickly push something for so: to quickly push something for someone into somethingmeone into something

• eg. He had been eg. He had been bundledbundled into the back of a V into the back of a Volkswagen by three masked men.olkswagen by three masked men.

• There had just been time to There had just been time to bundlebundle his bloo his bloodstained jacket and gloves into the washing dstained jacket and gloves into the washing machine.machine.


• 17.17. slacken slacken: to become slower or less active: to become slower or less active• eg. The train eg. The train slackenedslackened speed as we approach speed as we approach

ed the station.ed the station.• WeWe slackened slackened our pace as we reached the v our pace as we reached the v

illage.illage.• 18.18. jack up jack up: to lift with a jack: to lift with a jack• eg. Why don’t you eg. Why don’t you jackjack it it upup and we’ll have and we’ll have

a look at the suspension?a look at the suspension?


• 19. 19. frailfrail: weak and poor in health: weak and poor in health

• eg. A eg. A frailfrail old woman with a walking stick cam old woman with a walking stick came slowly down to the gate to meet us.e slowly down to the gate to meet us.

• His His frailfrail arm could barely hold his plate. arm could barely hold his plate.

• 20. 20. penetratepenetrate: to enter or pass (into or through): to enter or pass (into or through)

• eg. Light cannot eg. Light cannot penetratepenetrate a brick wall. a brick wall.

• Our eyes could not Our eyes could not penetratepenetrate the darkness. the darkness.


• ..21. 21. overflow withoverflow with: to be very full of: to be very full of

• eg. Kerry handed me a glass eg. Kerry handed me a glass overflowinoverflowing withg with wine, trying not to let it spill on t wine, trying not to let it spill on the carpet.he carpet.

• Mother Teresa was respected by the pMother Teresa was respected by the people because she had a heart eople because she had a heart overflowioverflowing withng with love. love.


• 22. 22. indifferenceindifference: not caring about: not caring about• eg. Though thoroughly apprehensive, he put eg. Though thoroughly apprehensive, he put

on a show of on a show of indifferenceindifference..• All our requests for government help have All our requests for government help have

been met with complete been met with complete indifferenceindifference..

Exercises (1)Exercises (1)

Translation exercisesTranslation exercises

1. 1. 他和他弟弟在一起玩的时候很容易发脾气他和他弟弟在一起玩的时候很容易发脾气（（ be inclined to be inclined to ））

He is inclined to lose his temper when he is playiHe is inclined to lose his temper when he is playing with his younger brother. ng with his younger brother.

2. 2. 那次事故之后，他只能借助于拐杖走路。那次事故之后，他只能借助于拐杖走路。（（ with the aid of with the aid of ））

Since the accident he’s only been able to walk wSince the accident he’s only been able to walk with the aid of a stick .ith the aid of a stick .


• 3. 3. 我想那还是有几分正确性的，但情况并我想那还是有几分正确性的，但情况并不那么简单。（不那么简单。（ to a degreeto a degree ））

• I think that’s true to a degree, but the situation I think that’s true to a degree, but the situation is not quite so simple.is not quite so simple.

• 4. 4. 父亲说如果我们相信某事是真的，就应父亲说如果我们相信某事是真的，就应该坚持。（该坚持。（ hold on tohold on to ））

• My father said that if we believed that somethiMy father said that if we believed that something was true, we should hold on to it. ng was true, we should hold on to it.


5. 5. 他对政府处理经济问题的方法很失望。他对政府处理经济问题的方法很失望。 (d(disillusioned) isillusioned)

He’s very disillusioned at the government’s handHe’s very disillusioned at the government’s handling of the economy. ling of the economy.

6. 6. 听到这消息时，我们已准备去度假。（听到这消息时，我们已准备去度假。（ be be all set all set ））

We were all set to go on vacation when we heard We were all set to go on vacation when we heard the news. the news.


• 7. 7. 太阳的光线穿透海水达太阳的光线穿透海水达 2020 米深处。米深处。 ( pe( penetrate) netrate)

• The sun’s rays can penetrate the sea to a depth The sun’s rays can penetrate the sea to a depth of 20 metres. of 20 metres.

• 8. 8. 他的甜言蜜语是开口要钱的第一步。他的甜言蜜语是开口要钱的第一步。 (le(lead up to )ad up to )

• His flattering words led up to a request for moHis flattering words led up to a request for money. ney.


• Fill in the blank in each sentence with a word or Fill in the blank in each sentence with a word or phrase taken from the box in its appropriate form.phrase taken from the box in its appropriate form.

making a living hold on to be inclined tomaking a living hold on to be inclined to

to a degree care for lead up to to a degree care for lead up to

follow one’s example tilt jack up follow one’s example tilt jack up fumble fumble


• 1. The table top suddenly ____________ and 1. The table top suddenly ____________ and all the plates and glasses crashed onto the all the plates and glasses crashed onto the floor.floor.

• 2. In order to understand the committee’s 2. In order to understand the committee’s decision it is necessary to examine the process decision it is necessary to examine the process that ______________it. that ______________it.

• 3. We were thinking of selling this old 3. We were thinking of selling this old furniture, but we’ve decided to furniture, but we’ve decided to ________________it. It might be valuable. ________________it. It might be valuable.

tilted

led up to

hold on to


• 4. Sister Mary remained constantly at the 4. Sister Mary remained constantly at the doctor’s side, helping him doctor’s side, helping him ______________the sick and wounded. ______________the sick and wounded.

• 5. If she sees clothes that she likes, she 5. If she sees clothes that she likes, she _______________ buy them immediately. _______________ buy them immediately.

care for

is inclined to

Comprehension questions of Text IIComprehension questions of Text II

• 1. What do you think made the author stand 1. What do you think made the author stand up again?up again?

• 2. Do you believe in power of belief? Please 2. Do you believe in power of belief? Please illustrate your point with examples.illustrate your point with examples.

Oral activitiesOral activities

• 1. Retell the virtues of growing older in class.1. Retell the virtues of growing older in class.• 2. Oral activities: 2. Oral activities: • 1) Why was the author so much affected by 1) Why was the author so much affected by

the accident? How did it change his attitude the accident? How did it change his attitude towards life? towards life?

• 2) Group work: discuss the issue to help the 2) Group work: discuss the issue to help the handicapped who have negative attitudes handicapped who have negative attitudes towards life.towards life.

Writing practiceWriting practice

• The Personal Qualities of a TeacherThe Personal Qualities of a Teacher

Writing practiceWriting practice• One possible versionOne possible version• Here I want to try to give you an answer to Here I want to try to give you an answer to

the question: What personal qualities are the question: What personal qualities are desirable in a teacher? Probably no two people desirable in a teacher? Probably no two people would draw up exactly similar lists, but I think would draw up exactly similar lists, but I think the following would be generally accepted.the following would be generally accepted.

• First, the teacher’s personality should be First, the teacher’s personality should be pleasantly live and attractive. Secondly, it is pleasantly live and attractive. Secondly, it is not merely desirable but essential for a teacher not merely desirable but essential for a teacher to have a genuine capacity for sympathy—in to have a genuine capacity for sympathy—in the literal meaning of that word; a capacity to the literal meaning of that word; a capacity to tune in to the minds and feelings of other tune in to the minds and feelings of other people, especially, since most teachers are people, especially, since most teachers are school teachers, to the minds and feelings of school teachers, to the minds and feelings of children. Closely related with this ischildren. Closely related with this is thethe


• capacity to be tolerant—not, indeed, of what is capacity to be tolerant—not, indeed, of what is wrong, but of the frailty and immaturity of wrong, but of the frailty and immaturity of human nature which induce people, and again human nature which induce people, and again especially children, to make mistakes. Thirdly, especially children, to make mistakes. Thirdly, I hold it essential for teachers to be both I hold it essential for teachers to be both intellectually and morally honest. It means that intellectually and morally honest. It means that they will be aware of their intellectual they will be aware of their intellectual strengths, and limitations, and will have strengths, and limitations, and will have thought about and decided upon the moral thought about and decided upon the moral principles by which his life shall be guided. principles by which his life shall be guided.


• There is no contradiction in my going on to There is no contradiction in my going on to say that a teacher should be a bit of an actor. say that a teacher should be a bit of an actor. That is part of the technique of teaching, That is part of the technique of teaching, which demands that every now and then a which demands that every now and then a teacher should be able to put on an act—to teacher should be able to put on an act—to enliven a lesson, correct a fault, or award enliven a lesson, correct a fault, or award praise. Children, especially young children, praise. Children, especially young children, live in a world that is rather larger than life.live in a world that is rather larger than life.


• Finally, I think a teacher should have the kind Finally, I think a teacher should have the kind of mind which always wants to go on learning. of mind which always wants to go on learning. Teaching is a job at which one will never be peTeaching is a job at which one will never be perfect; there is always something more to learn rfect; there is always something more to learn about. There are three principal objects of studabout. There are three principal objects of study: the subject, or subjects, which the teacher is y: the subject, or subjects, which the teacher is teaching; the methods by which they can best teaching; the methods by which they can best be taught to the particular pupils in the classes be taught to the particular pupils in the classes he is teaching; and—by far the most importanthe is teaching; and—by far the most important—the children, young people, or adults to who—the children, young people, or adults to whom they are to be taught. m they are to be taught.


• The two cardinal principles of British eduThe two cardinal principles of British education today are that education is educatiocation today are that education is education of the whole person, and that it is best an of the whole person, and that it is best acquired through full and active co-operaticquired through full and active co-operation between two persons, the teacher and ton between two persons, the teacher and the learner.he learner.

GOOD BYEGOOD BYE

Unit 8 Fourteen Steps. Contents Contents Pre-reading questions Pre-reading questions Pre-reading...

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Transcript of Unit 8 Fourteen Steps. Contents Contents Pre-reading questions Pre-reading questions Pre-reading...