Unit 7 Chapter

21

The Cultural Geography of Africa South of the Sahara

Ch 21 PP 1

I. Section I

Population

Patterns

Ch 21 PP 2

A. Rapid Population Growth Africa Statistics

Highest Birthrate & Death rate of the world Births Still Outnumber

Deaths! Population Growth of

this region is the highest in the world!

Highest Infant Mortality Shortest Life Expectancy

Ch 21 PP 3

One factor – AIDS – could drastically change Africa’s population! About 70% of the people

with HIV live in Africa S. of the Sahara

At the end of 2000, about 17 million Africans had already died of AIDS – related diseases

What do you think some of the effects are of this issue?

Ch 21 PP 4

A. (cont) Population & Distribution

Not very many people for how much land there is! If evenly spread, density

would be about 76 people per sq. mi. (Unfortunately, it is not even)

Ex. – Rwanda – 817, Namibia – 6

Land & Climate affect distribution

Ch 21 PP 5

Population & Food Production High population &

economic challenges = not enough food!

70% of people are farmers, but there still is not enough food Too many cash crops &

not enough food grown for citizens

Ch 21 PP 6

Tea Picking

Population & Health Care

Famine, Malnutrition, Poor Water, Inadequate Sanitation, Diseases (Malaria) have claimed many lives Insects such as

mosquitoes & tsetse fly transmit disease

Ch 21 PP 7

Ch 21 PP 8

Wash Day in Madagascar

Water Well in Ethiopia

Fetching Water: A Girl’s Life

B. A Diverse Population

Growing Cities Fastest rate of

urbanization Most cities are along

the coasts, rivers, or rich natural resources Lagos (Nigeria) – largest

city in this region

Ch 21 PP 9

II. Section II

History & Government

Ch 21 PP 10

Tribal leader

Nigeria’s President

A. African Roots First Civilizations

Around tens of thousands of years ago!

Egyptians – along the Nile River

Empires in the West Trading empires

began – Ghana & Mali

Ch 21 PP 11

B. European Colonization

The Slave Trade in Africa 1600 – 1700s

Europeans were trading heavily w/Europeans Gold, ivory, textiles,

enslaved workers

Ch 21 PP 12

Europe Divides & Rules 1800s – 1914 –

Europe had laid claim to all of Africa except Ethiopia, Liberia, and South Africa

Ch 21 PP 13

C. From Colonies to Countries

By mid-1900s, educated Africans had launched the independence movement By the 2nd ½ of the

century, the colonies became independent

Nigeria: A Colonial Legacy Read map & timeline on

pg. 523

Ch 21 PP 14

South Africa: Road to Freedom Apartheid – separation of

races Did not end until the

early 1990s Universal Suffrage –

1994 - voting rights for all citizens

Nelson Mandela – make sure you know who this is!

Ch 21 PP 15

III. Section III

Cultures & Lifestyles

Ch 21 PP 16

A. Languages

More than 800 languages! Six major

language categories

Ch 21 PP 17Soccer Fan from Ghana

Lingua Franca – means common language Usually French or

English in this region

Ch 21 PP 18

B. Religions

#1 – Christianity #2 – Muslim #3 – Traditional

Religions

Ch 21 PP 19

#1

#2

#3

C. Education Educational Advances

Education is improving in areas that have the needed resources

Only about 60% of people aged 15 and older can read & write Literacy Rate – the ability

of people to read & write Rural areas are often lower

New Ways of Learning Only 10 out of 1,000 people

have a computer Internet access is not

available to many

Ch 21 PP 20

D. The Arts

Masks, drums, textiles, dance, music

Oral tradition – passing down stories through generations

Ch 21 PP 21

E. Varied Lifestyles

Families are very important Extended Families Clans Nuclear Family

Make sure you read pgs. 530-531!

Ch 21 PP 22Sudanese Wedding