UNIT 6 SOLUTIONS AND GASES 6.2 What factors affect solubility?
13
GASES 6.2 What factors affect solubility? April 8, 2010 AIM: What are the factors that affect solubility? DO NOW: 1.List the factors that affect the rate of reaction. 2.What are the two parts of a solution? Nature of the reactant Concentration Surface area Pressure Catalyst Temperature SOLUTE and SOLVENT
description
AIM: What are the factors that affect solubility ?. UNIT 6 SOLUTIONS AND GASES 6.2 What factors affect solubility?. DO NOW: List the factors that affect the rate of reaction. What are the two parts of a solution?. Nature of the reactantConcentration Surface areaPressure - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Transcript of UNIT 6 SOLUTIONS AND GASES 6.2 What factors affect solubility?
UNIT 6 SOLUTIONS AND GASES6.2 What factors affect solubility?
April 8, 2010AIM: What are the factors that affect solubility?
DO NOW:1. List the factors that affect the rate of reaction.
2. What are the two parts of a solution?
Nature of the reactant ConcentrationSurface area PressureCatalyst Temperature
SOLUTE and SOLVENT
SOLUTION CHECKLIST
• Homogeneous mixtures• Clear and do not disperse light• Can have color• Do not settle on standing• Pass through a filter
WORD DEFINITION
SOLUBILITY How much of a solute will Dissolve in a certain amount Of solvent
SOLUBLE Materials with high solubility
INSOLUBLE Materials with low solubility
TRY THE DEMONSTRATION
FACTORS THAT AFFECT SOLUBILITY
FACTOREFFECT
(READ: as temp increases, solubility of
solids….)
EXCEPTIONS
TEMPERATURE
PRESSURE
POLARITY
T solids Gases react inOpposite way:T gases
No effect on Solubility ofSolids or liquids
Has an effect On gases:P gases
Polar dissolves polarNonpolar dissolves nonpolar
A little more on polarityTYPE DEFINITION
POLAR
NONPOLAR
Symmetrical molecules- Due to distribution of charge
Asymmetrical molecules- Due to distribution of charge
“LIKE DISSOLVES LIKE”
Solute TypeNonpolar
solventPolar Solvent
Soluble
Polar
soluble
nonpolar insoluble
insoluble soluble
ionic insolube
EXAMPLE
• Greases, which are nonpolar, won’t easily wash off our hands in water, which is polar.
• Soaps have one end that is polar, which allows the soap to dissolve in water. The other end of the soap is nonpolar, and grease will dissolve in it.
BRAIN STRETCHING1. What kind of solvent will dissolve a polar
solute? Give examples.
2. What kind of solvent will dissolve a nonpolar solute? Give examples.
3. Waterproof mascara won’t wash off with water, what might be a good substance to use to wash it off your face? Why?
POLAR SOLVENTEx. Water
NONPOLAR SOLVENTEx. GREASE, any molecule nonpolar
Oil or soap. Because the mascara is NONPOLAR and oil is NONPOLAR
4. What happens to the solubility of solids and gases when the temperature of a solution is increased?
5. What happens to the solubility of solids and gases when the pressure on a solution is increased?
6. What does the phrase “like dissolves like” tell you about when something will dissolve and when it will not?
Temperature increase causes solubility of solids to increase and solubility of gases to decrease.
Pressure increase does not change solubility of solids but it increases the solubility of gases.
Polar will dissolve PolarNonpolar will dissolve Nonpolar
7. In terms of distribution of charges, why is it that a polar substance will dissolve in a polar solvent, but not in a nonpolar solvent? You may need to review the definitions of polar and nonpolar to answer this question.
Because the attractive forces between two polar substances will be greater due to the uneven distribution of charge.
Attractive forces between a nonpolar and a plar substance are not strong enough.
INDEPENDENT PRACTICE
• Complete the Independent Practice
• PLACE COMPLETED IP IN HOMEWORK BIN
