Unit 6 People and Politics[1]

8/2/2019 Unit 6 People and Politics[1]

1/122

Unit 6People and Politics


2/122

VOTING

A right and aresponsibility of

citizenship.


3/122

VOTING:

QUALIFICATIONS18 years old

U.S. CitizenState ResidentMentally

CompetentNot a convictedfelon


4/122

VOTING:

REGISTRATIONMust register 29

days before theelection at:DMVRegistrars Office Mail in Application


5/122

VOTING: PARTICIPATIONIncreased turn-out inPresidential ElectionsParticipation morelikely:

Education AgeIncome


6/122

VOTING: NON VOTERSLack InterestForget to registerNot informed onissuesParticipation lesslikely:

Income AgeEducation


7/122

VOTING: MAIN IDEAQualified citizens have a

responsibility of stayinformed about campaignissues and exercise their

right to vote .


8/122

POLITICAL PARTIESOrganizations made up of peoplewho share similar ideas about the

way the country should begoverned


9/122

FUNTIONS AND PURPOSES OFPOLICAL PARTIES

Recruit andNominate

Candidates forPublic Offices

Primaries-ElectCandidatesConventions-

NameCandidates


10/122


HelpCandidates

Win Elections

Raise money forcampaignsCampaign forcandidates Most important function since

Candidate will support party goals if elected


11/122


Set Party

Goals

Platform-Statement of partyspositions of

major issues


12/122


Leadership Work topass lawsthat supportthe partysgoals


13/122


Watchdog Monitor theactions of

officeholders toinsure thatthey are honestandhardworking


14/122


Help

Citizens

Educate citizensabout issues

Offeropportunities forcitizens to be

involved in thepolitical process.


15/122

THE POLITICAL SPECTRUM

Left Center RightDemocrats Moderates Republicans


16/122

DEMOCRATSLiberal On the left

Support government financedprograms to help the poorEmphasize domestic programs

More/Expanded GovernmentSupported by workers, laborers,lower and middle income levels


17/122
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Jimmy_Carter.jpg


18/122

REPUBLICANSConservative On the RightSupport individual initiative and economicgrowth to help the poorEmphasize foreign policy and a strongmilitary

Less/Limited GovernmentGain support from big businesses andupper income levels


19/122


20/122

MODERATE A person who avoids theextremes of either party


21/122

POLITICAL PARTIESThe American political system is

dominated by the Democrats and theRepublicans ; but third parties play an

important role.


22/122

Two-Party System Have both liberal andconservative viewsOrganize to win elections

Appeal to the politicalcenterInfluence public policiesReflect citizens viewsWant to associate withmany people to getmore votes

SimilaritiesBETWEEN

REPUBLICANS & DEMOCRATS


23/122

Two-Party System

Differences BETWEEN

REPUBLICANS & DEMOCRATS

PartyPlatforms

(positions onmajor

issues)


24/122

THIRD PARTIESThird parties play an

important role in Americanpolitics.


25/122

THIRD PARTIESIntroduce new ideasSupport a particular issue

Revolve around a person (Ross Perot;Ralph Nadar)Rarely win electionsChange the outcome on an election


26/122

THIRD PARTIES

Ross Perot

Reform Party

Teddy Roosevelt-Progressive party

Ralph NaderGreen Party
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:President_Theodore_Roosevelt%2C_1904.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Ralphnaderspeech.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Perot.jpg


27/122

ELECTORAL COLLEGE


28/122

ELECTORAL COLLEGE

The President and the

Vice President areelected by a majority

vote in the ElectoralCollege .


29/122

ELECTORAL COLLEGE

Each state hasthe same

number of electors as itdoes Congress

Members

# of Senators+

# of Representatives = __________________

# of electoral votes in

each state


30/122


31/122

ELECTORAL COLLEGE538 Total Electoral Votes 270 Electoral votesneeded to win the

election


32/122

ELECTORAL COLLEGE

What made theframers of the

Constitutioncreate thissystem for the

election of thePresident and Vice-President?

WHYWhy do weneedelectors?


33/122

ELECTORAL COLLEGE

Representation

Question for theframers: How to balance

power between the large and small states?

Result: Electoral votes

for each stateare determinedby population


34/122

ELECTORAL COLLEGE

FearIssue for the

framers: People are not

educated enough to make a good decision.

Result: Electors who

were educated about the process wouldmake theofficial vote.


35/122

ELECTORAL COLLEGE

KnowledgeIssue for the

framers: Voters do not

know about

candidates from other states.

Result : Usingelectors would

keep peoplefrom only votingfor candidatesfrom their state.


36/122

ELECTORAL COLLEGEElectoral College

The President and the Vice President are elected by amajority vote in the electoral college.

Each state has thesame number ofelectors as it doesCongress Members

# of Senators + # of Representatives =

____________________

# of electoral votes ineach state


37/122

ELECTORAL COLLEGE

ProcessEach party pickselectors who

promise to vote fortheir partyscandidate.

Popular vote: firstTuesday after the

first Monday inNovember


38/122

Winner take all

system

The candidate with

most votes in astate wins all ofthe electoralvotes for thatstate.

Electoral Vote:December

Electors cast theofficial votes forPresident and VicePresident.


39/122

ProcessEffect of the Electoral

College on Campaigns Candidates

concentrate on stateswith more electoral

votes (California, NewYork)

Small states can makethe difference in close

elections

Favors a 2-partysystem

It is possible to tie(269 electoral voteseach)


40/122

What if no candidatereceives 270 votes?

A TIE!!!

House ofRepresentatives

selects thePresident

Senateselects the Vice

President


41/122

The Role of the Media inElections: Propaganda


42/122

MEDIA T.V.

RadioNewspapers

Internet


43/122

Role of the Media in Elections

The editorial sectionof the newspaper, atelevised debate orT.V. program canprovide candidatesand experts a way topresent opposing

viewpoints on theissues.

Air DifferentPoints of

View


44/122


Call Attentionto Important

Issues

By printing articlesor airing storiesabout a particularissue, the media isable to createinterest in a topic

where noneexisted .


45/122


Governmentofficials andcandidates use themedia tocommunicate

with the public.

Identify candidates& their platforms

(stand/opinion on

the issues)


46/122

How can voters

evaluatespeeches,literature and

advertisementsfor accuracy?

BY:Separating factfrom opinionDetecting biasEvaluating sourcesof informationIdentifying

propaganda


47/122

Propaganda Techniques


48/122

Propaganda A techniqueto swaypeoplesattitudes,opinions

andbehaviors

Mass mediaandtechnologyenable thespread of

propaganda

Politicalcandidatesusepropagandato convince

voters tosupportthem.


49/122

BandwagonThe latest poll shows that the majority of people support Bill

Riberdy for President.

Everyones Doing It!


50/122


51/122


52/122

Card StackingBill Riberdy is clearly the most qualified candidate.

Use facts tofavor an opinion


53/122

Barack Obama FactsObama worked as acommunity organizerimmediately after graduation.He also worked as a universityprofessor, political activist, andlawyer before serving in theIllinois Senate from 1997 to2004.He was propelled to stardomby giving the 2004 democraticconvention keynote speech.Obama has sponsored billsranging from lobbying andelectoral fraud, climatechange, weapons control,nuclear terrorism, and betterveterans care.


54/122

John McCain FactsMcCain has never votedfor a tax increase.McCain will continue theBush tax cuts,

McCain will not cut andrun in Iraq,McCain sponsoredlegislation to keep theFairness Doctrine fromrearing its head again,McCain supports schoolchoice


55/122

Glittering Generalities

A vote for Bill Riberdy is a vote for Virginias values.

Uses words that soundgood but have little or

no meaning


56/122

Glittering Generalities
http://barackobama.com/


57/122

Name CallingCandidate Roberts is corrupt

and caters to special interest groups.

Use of an unpleasant label ordescription to harm an

opposing candidate .


58/122

Name Calling
http://bobmccarty.files.wordpress.com/2007/02/new-mccain-10x10-1.jpg


59/122

Plain Folks Appeal

Vote for Steve Roberts, who understands the problems of

Virginia. Candidates describe

themselves as regular people;average, hard working

citizens.


60/122

Plain Folks Appeal


61/122

TestimonialsBill Clinton says, Stephanie Harbin is a candidate you can

trust. She has my vote!

An endorsement froma celebrity.


62/122

Testimonials


63/122

Financing a Campaign Running for office is

expensive!


64/122

$

Rising

CampaignCosts$

Lots of fundraising by

candidates andparties

Gives anadvantage

to rich

people

Limits

opportunitiesto run foroffice .


65/122

Limitsopportunities

to run foroffice .

InterestGroups havemore power

EncouragePACs

CampaignFinanceReform Rising campaign costs have

led to efforts to reformcampaign finance laws. Limitsexist on the amount

individuals may contribute topolitical candidates and

campaigns.


66/122


67/122


68/122

Public PolicyHow individuals, interest groupsand the media influence the

actions of the government.
http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.evc.org/programs/TD_web_projects/westside_amy_2003_1/teen_times/peerpressure/images/16_peer_pressure_smoking.gif&imgrefurl=http://sitemaker.umich.edu/356.tran/peer_pressure_and_emotions&h=330&w=330&sz=15&hl=en&start=3&um=1&usg=__3FeIj1JIZe1SGinyhIwxE-l6744=&tbnid=Gfp5EURi3_r6cM:&tbnh=119&tbnw=119&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dpeer%2Bpressure%26um%3D1%26hl%3Den%26safe%3Dactive


69/122

What influences

peoples opinions?? Family & FriendsMedia (Print andT.V.)Importance
http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.evc.org/programs/TD_web_projects/westside_amy_2003_1/teen_times/peerpressure/images/16_peer_pressure_smoking.gif&imgrefurl=http://sitemaker.umich.edu/356.tran/peer_pressure_and_emotions&h=330&w=330&sz=15&hl=en&start=3&um=1&usg=__3FeIj1JIZe1SGinyhIwxE-l6744=&tbnid=Gfp5EURi3_r6cM:&tbnh=119&tbnw=119&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dpeer%2Bpressure%26um%3D1%26hl%3Den%26safe%3Dactive


70/122

Why might a group have moreinfluence than an individual?

Louder VoiceMore $Represent more people


71/122

Public PolicyThe actions of thegovernment as they dealwith the issues of the

day.

Ways that individuals influence


72/122

Ways that individuals influencepublic policy.

Voting Being informed Participating in politics

Expressing opinions: * Letters to politicians* Demonstrating

Campaigning Lobbying Joining interest groups

Ways that


73/122

Ways thatgroups influence public policy. Interest Groups: organizations thatseek to influence government policy Identify and publicize issues Offer different viewpoints Lobby- seeking to influencelegislators to introduce legislation orto vote for or against a bill. Donate $


74/122

An interestgroup is astructured

organization ofpeople with

shared attitudeswho attempt toinfluence public

policy.

Interest groups:

-Vary in size, goals

and budget-Attempt toinfluence both thegovernment and public

opinion-Hire lobbyists torepresent theirinterests

Interest Groups


75/122


76/122


77/122


78/122

PACsPolitical ActionCommittees

Established toraise money to

support an issue orcandidate


79/122

MEDIA


80/122

MEDIAThe media influences publicpolicy by:

Bringing attention to issueso Showing different views on issueso

Holding candidates accountableo Allowing officials to communicate withcitizens

Public Policy is influenced by:
http://www.okpns.com/images/drewedmondsonsearch.jpg


81/122

Public Policy is influenced by:

Individuals Interest Groups Media

Vote campaign

Keep informed Express Opinionsby:

-Writing lettersto politicians

-Demonstrating

-LobbyingJoin interestgroups

Identify and publicizeissues Offer differentviewpoints Lobby

Donate Money $$$

Drawsattention toissues Showsdifferent viewson issues Holds

candidatesaccountable Allows officialsto communicatewith citizens

P liti l A ti C itt


82/122

Political Action Committees

o PACs are the political branch of aspecial interest group. o PACs raise voluntary donations ofmoney from people who agree with theircause. o They give money to electionscampaigns of people they support and tothe political party that will work fortheir goals.


83/122

Review!

O f li i l


84/122

One purpose of politicalparties is to

A. cast electoral votes.B. set the age for voting.C. administer literacy tests.D. recruit and nominatecandidates for public office.

A candidate needs


85/122

A candidate needs _________ to win the presidency

A. 270 Electoral votes

B. the majority of the popular voteC. a majority vote in the House of

RepresentativesD. All of the above

The president is chosen by the


86/122

The president is chosen by theHouse of Representatives if

A. different candidates win the popularvote and the electoral vote

B. no candidate wins the majority inthe Electoral College

C. the candidate with the most votes is

already a member of congressD. there is widespread electoral fraud

A political candidate who


87/122

A political candidate whoaccuses his or her opponent

of "reckless spending" isusing the

A. name-calling technique.B. glittering generality technique.

C. plain-folks appeal.D. card-stacking technique .

This type of election has the


88/122

This type of election has thehighest voter turn out:

A. mayoral

B. gubernatorialC. congressionalD. presidential

Whi h f h f ll i i NOT


89/122

Which of the following is NOT astrategy to use when

evaluating campaign ads?

A. believe propagandaB. evaluate sources of information

C. separate fact and opinionD. detect bias

Which of the following is a


90/122

Which of the following is avoting requirement in

Virginia?

A. 21 years of ageB. US citizen and a resident of VAC. passage of DMV test

D. pass a literacy test

An organization made up of people


91/122

An organization made up of peoplewho share similar ideas about how

the government should be run are:

A. Interest Groups

B. Political PartiesC. Political Action Committees

D. candidates

Which of the following is NOT a


92/122

Which of the following is NOT asimilarity of Republicans and

Democrats?

A. Organize to win electionsB. party PlatformsC. Appeal to the political center

D. Influence public opinion

D i i i f


93/122

During an examination fornaturalization, an applicant must

A. prove that he or she can read, write, andspeak English acceptably.

B. show that he or she believes in theprinciples of the U.S. Constitution.

C. prove that he or she knows something

about U.S. history and government.D. all of the above

The U S federal system of


94/122

The U.S. federal system of government was established

by A. Magna Carta.

B. the Constitution.C. the Articles of Confederation.D. the English Bill of Rights

Th t t t "t th


95/122

The statement "to secure theblessings of liberty" is

A. listed in the Mayflower Compact.

B. one of the six goals of governmentstated in the Preamble.C. the opening statement of the

Declaration of Independence.D. found in the Articles of

Confederation.

O f h b i id l f


96/122

One of the basic ideals of American government is that

A. government should be based on theconsent of the governed.

B. majority rule can be overruled bypresidential veto.

C. the Constitution should be easilyamended.

D. the executive branch should be themost powerful branch.

Wh t ld h if d


97/122

What would happen if a proposedamendment were not ratified by

three fourths of the states? A. It could be ratified by two thirds of the

states.

B. The president could ratify theamendment.

C. Congress could ratify the amendment.

D. The amendment would not be added tothe Constitution.

If the president vetoes a


98/122

pproposed law,

A. it can never become law.B. Congress can override the veto with

a two-thirds vote of both houses.C. the proposed law is sent to stateconventions for approval.

D. the Supreme Court has the power topass the law anyway.

The most important function of


99/122

The most important function of political parties is to:

A. Help candidates win elections

B. Monitor the actions of officeholders

C. set party goalsD. Help citizens

Techniques used to influence


100/122

Techniques used to influenceopinion are called:

A. EditorialsB. PropagandaC. Commentaries

D. Ads

Th Fi t A d t


101/122

The First Amendmentguarantees

A. freedom of speech.

B. the right to bear arms.C. freedom from unreasonable

searches and seizures.

D. protection against self-incrimination.

All f th f ll i g t f


102/122

All of the following are true of the Articles of Confederation

EXCEPT A. it created a weak central

government.B. the national government had no

power to tax.

C. it gave no power to enforce laws.D. the states had little power.

The federal government and the state


103/122

The federal government and the stategovernments share all of the following

powers EXCEPT the power to

A. establish courts.B. borrow money.C. punish lawbreakers.

D. coin money.

Which of the following is NOT a


104/122

Which of the following is NOT apower of the legislative

branch? A. interpreting the meaning of a law

B. passing lawsC. overriding presidential vetoesD. approving appointments of federal

court judges

Which of the following is not a


105/122

gfunction of political parties?

A. recruiting and nominatingcandidates

B. educating the public about campaignissues

C. monitoring the actions of officeholders

D. nominating Supreme Court justices

How does the media influence


106/122

How does the media influencepolicy makers?

A. by broadcasting the state of theunion address

B. by criticizing the news coverage of other media sources

C. by organizing debates amongleading entertainers.

D. by drawing attention to a particularissue and arousing public concern

Democrats:


107/122

Democrats:

A. want the government to provide publicbenefits to assist the poor.

B. want less government activity.C. believe that public benefits should be

provided by the private sector.D. are typically backed by small farmers and

the business community.

Third parties:


108/122

Third parties:

A. are not found in American politics.B. typically revolve around a political

personality.C. receive a lot of attention from themedia.

D. All of the above

Political Parties:


109/122

Political Parties:

A. organize to win elections.B. influence public opinionC. appeal to the political center to win

majority support.D. All of the above

The majority of Americans


110/122

The majority of Americansare:

A. Moderate

B. ConservativeC. Liberal

D. Reactionary

Republicans tend to be


111/122

p

A. RadicalB. Conservative

C. LiberalD. Socialist

To be elected, a presidential


112/122

, pcandidate must

A. win both the popular vote and theelectoral vote.

B. win the popular vote.C. receive 270 electoral votesD. win the popular vote in the state of

Florida

Democrats tend to be:


113/122

Democrats tend to be:

A. ConservativeB. RadicalC. LiberalD. Right-Winged

The "glittering generalities"


114/122

technique uses

A. beautiful pictures to sell an idea.B. words that sound good but have

little meaning.C. the faces of famous people to sway

public opinion.D. soothing music and subliminal

messages to persuade people.

Sports figures appearing on a box of


115/122

Sports figures appearing on a box of cereal is an example of which

propaganda technique?

A. testimonialB. bandwagonC. plain-folks appealD. glittering generalities

The main reason that so few


116/122

people in the United States vote

is that A. it is not convenient for most people

to get to the polls.

B. most people are not registered tovote.

C. most people lack interest

D. most people do not prefer onecandidate over another.

A political candidate who describesh lf d h d k


117/122

herself as an "ordinary, hard-workingcitizen" is using

A. name-calling.

B. card stacking.C. the bandwagon approach.D. a plain-folks appeal.

Each state has a total number


118/122

of electors

A. equal to its total number of congressmembers.

B. equal to each of the other states.C. equal to the number of its state

legislators.

D. based on its voter turnout in previouselections.

The Democratic and Republican Partiesd ll f h f ll i EXCEPT


119/122

do all of the following EXCEPT

A. organize to win elections.B. raise money to pay for campaign expenses.

C. establish state qualifications for voting.D. Reflect both liberal and conservative views

. A presidential candidate of the DemocraticP i 51 f h l


120/122

Party wins 51 percent of the popular vote.Which of the following statements iscorrect?

A. The candidate must next be confirmed by theSenate and the House of Representatives.

B. The candidate will become president.C. The candidate will become president only with a

majority of electoral college votes.D. A runoff election must be held to determine the

new president.

You have just turned 18 years old. Thefi hi ill h d b f


121/122

first thing you will have to do before you are allowed to vote is

A. take a literacy test.

B. register to vote.C. join a political party.D. prove that you have completed high

school.

One purpose of political parties


122/122

p p p pis to

A. cast electoral votes.B. set the age for voting.C. administer literacy tests.D. recruit and nominate candidates for

public office.

Unit 6 People and Politics[1]

Documents

Transcript of Unit 6 People and Politics[1]