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Unit 45 - 60

--- Lecture 5

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Read the Following WordsRead the Following Words

advertisement clumsy receipt declaration spectacular

therapy fascinating bankrupt realistic client poll initiative thrive hatred volunteer conquer repetition cashier, pregnant, applause statistic, negotiate, retail, anniversary, exert diplomatic, ambassador, kindergarten,

intellectual, antique

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scared

afraid

• Category• Chart• Ban (sb from doing)

• Commercial• Fee• Furthermore• fearful

kind

diagram

forbid (to do)

prevent

advertisement

fare

besides moreover

frightened

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同义词同义词

• Enterprise• flesh (of all kinds)

• Era

• Namely

• Practically

firm, company

meat (for eating)

age

that is to say i.e.

virtually nearly

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• Farewell• Underground (BrE)• Immense• Weep • Forecast• Cue• Asset • Athlete

goodbye

subway (AmE) giant

enormous

vast cry

predict

hint clue

possession property belonging

sportsman

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反义词反义词• comedy• superior• Backward• divorce-marriage

– They got divorced last year. 他们去年离了婚。 Did Mr. Hill divorce his wife or did she divorce him? 是希尔先生要和他太太离婚，还是他太太要和他离婚呢？

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• hatred-love• secondary-primary• amateur-professional/expert/

specialist• passive-active• intelligent-ignorant-illiterate• sphere-cube

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Explain The PhrasesExplain The Phrases

• folk song • savings account n. • blood vessel• retail store • on campus --- at university• assembly line/ General Assembly • at one's disposal

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• Not for Sale• Don't make (such) a fuss.• peace initiative / take the initiative

in making acquaintances • an alarm clock an alert boy• commit suicide• quit smoking • Never do wrong for the sake of

money.

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写出下面单词的派生词写出下面单词的派生词 • analyze • devise• Occasion• disposal• commerce• intellectual• invasion• substance

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• summary• Survive

• 缀变成的名词 arrival, approval, proposal, manual, disposal

• nerve-nervous• evolve-evolution• repeat-repetition • occur-occurrence• envy-envious

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区别比较单词区别比较单词• aboard--- abroad• grace-grave• estate-estimate• cash-cashier• elderly (rather old) -elder (apply to perso

ns)-older (also apply to things) e.g. special recreational programs for the elderly. 为老年人设立的特殊娱乐计划 ; elder sister 大姐； John the Elder 老约翰

• perceive-deceive-receive

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• Sign --- sigh

• Quit --- quiz

• Poll --- doll

• Dose --- pose

• Grand --- grind

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分类学单词分类学单词

• 和钱有关的词 money currency cash cheque (BrE)= check (AmE), fund, scholarship, allowance ( 津贴 ), discount, credit ( 存款 ), deposit( 存款 ), deficit, budget, capital, saving, rent, payment, insta(l)lment,

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• 表情和动作 gesture, pose, frown （ smile ） , shrug, bow, nod, expression

• 和政府有关的词 authority ( 政府，当局，权威 ), federal government, diplomatic, domestic, embassy, congress, Constitution, Declaration of Independence, delegate, deputy, house of representatives, senate, jury, court

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• Identity– Authority, veteran, crew, embassy,

expert, journalist, ambassador, accountant, cashier, victim, volunteer, athlete, architect, consumer, agent, beggar, client, editor, politician, senator, tutor

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Quiz 8 Such a mistake would lead to serious

consequence. There will be no mail deliveries today,

because the postmen in the neighborhood are on strike

Within two weeks of arrival all foreigners had to register with the local police.

The past ten years have seen some very positive developments in the East-West relations.

results

Sending of mails

To report to, to put required information in an official list or record.

constructive

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Quiz 8 The street-workers’ leader rejected the 2% pay-

rise saying it was an insult to the profession. I can’t really justify taking another day off work All the police officers were equipped with shields

to defend themselves against the rioter. The lecturer illustrated his point with a diagram on

the blackboard. Teaching is a respectable profession. Should AIDS patients be isolated from others?

A rude or offensive action or remark.

To give a good reason for…

To report to, to put required information in an official list or record.

armed with

explain with the help of examples, etc..

jobseparate

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It was apparent that he knew nothing about how to repair cars.

A. absent B. current C. obvious D. previous With all its advantages, the computer is by no means

without its limitation. A. applause B. treasure C. identifications D. profits The doctor said that I was suffering from nervous tension. A. schedule B. glory C. anxiety D. strength He emphasized the importance of careful driving. A. embarrassed B. stressed C. prompted D. strived His remarks were brief and to the point. A. concise B. flexible C. intimate D.

wonderful

√

√

√

√

√

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The story he gave the police is very doubtful. A. believable B. suspicious C. survival

D. superficial The author was required to submit an _____ of

about 200 words together with his research paper.

A. edition B. abstract C. editorial D. article

Most ____areas are over-crowded. A. rural B. urban C. city D. village Smoking is a danger to health. A. hazard B. crisis C. risk D. damage My feelings in this matter are parallel _____ yours. A. of B. as C. to D. on

√

√

√

√

√

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… does not belong to the group.

A. appropriate B. proper C. previous D. suitable

A. contrary B. identical C. opposite D. reverse A. comprehensive B. ambitious C. competitive D. aggressive A. major B. minor C. main D. greater A. alike B. resemble C. similar D.

assemble A. defect B. disadvantage

C. flaw D. perfect

√√

√

√√

√

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… does not belong to the group.

A. occupation B. profession C. educationD. job

A. kind B. hostile C. hospitable D. friendly

A. miniature B. large C. giant D. huge A. violate B. against C. break D.

observe A. be accustomed to B. be used to C. be

relevant to A. establish B. set up C. vibrate D. erect A. reluctant B. unwilling C. willing

√√

√√

√√

√

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Fill in the blanks …

household (electric) ap _ _ _ _ _ _ _ (noun.) 家用电器

c _ _ _ (verb) with: deal with Lack of confidence is the biggest barrier _

____ (prep.) the improvement of your English study.

They tried to convince the judge ____ (prep.) their innocence. 他们试图让法官相信他们是清白的。

pliance

ope

to

of

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Fill in the blanks …

• She resorted _____ (prep.) stealing when she had no more money.

• Congratulations ____ (prep.) your promotion!

• They went camping so as to be independent ______ (prep.) hotels. 他们去露营 , 免得住旅馆。

on

to

of/ from

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四级中的篇章词汇四级中的篇章词汇

Banked Cloze (15minutes,10points)

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解题步骤解题步骤• 跳读全文 , 抓住中心• 阅读选项 , 词性分类• 瞻前顾后 , 灵活选择• 复读全文 , 谨慎调整

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解题技巧解题技巧

词性动词的时态 一组反义词 / 近义词时 , 往往有一

个是干扰 . 连词逻辑关系 . 并列平行 , 递进 , 对比 , 前后思想一

致等 . 有总体观 , 不必按顺序 .

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逻辑对应逻辑对应同义复现反义比照上义词／下义词

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ExampleExample

．．．　　 In the past, such vital curriculum was not alw

ays readily ______ for children who needed it. One person who experienced the _________ of school life without a bilingual program was UH education professor Yolanda Padron.

A) little B) major C) impossible D) testedE) finally F) response G) own H) happinessI) lost J) received K) difficulties L) knowledgeM) available N) basically O) overcome

available

同义复现

difficulties

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篇章语境词义的理解篇章语境词义的理解

Sport is not only physically challenging, but it can also be mentally challenging. Criticism from coaches, parents, and other teammates, as well as pressure to win can create an excessive amount of ________ or stress for young athletes. Stress can be physical, emotional, or psychological and research has indicated that it can lead to burnout （筋疲力尽）…

A) process B) high C) enjoying D) anxietyE) settle F) cautious G) cooperate H) greatlyI) dropping J) hardly K) low L) focusM) aspiration N) critical O) procedure

anxiety

n.

a strong desire for achievement; ambition 渴望，热望

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搭配搭配

．．．　　 Despite the awkwardness of being pla

ced back two grade levels, Padron _______ some much-needed attention from concerned teachers.

A) little B) major C) impossible D) testedE) finally F) response G) own H) happinessI) lost J) received K) difficulties L) knowledgeM) available N) basically O) overcome

received

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relation

logical semantic structural

并列转折递进因果条件比较

同现复现词义辨析 结构搭配

ClozeCloze

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1.get the main idea

2.look for three relations in context

3.check your answerunderstanding the passage as a whole

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• The so-called “non-intelligence factors” include _____ feelings, will, motivation, interests and habits.

A. one’s B. their C. his D. her• We suggest that you should study the illustrations carefully ____

the procedure has been described in details. A. though B. which C. so D. where • The mosquito can get a full dinner from you in a minute. All this

usually takes place so quickly that you _____ anything was happening.

A. may not suspect B. may not have suspected C. may haven’t suspected D. didn’t suspect

A

D

B

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• A product must be something that ___ will choose to buy. This gives the consumers some power. Whatever they are willing and able to buy is called demand. ___ is made and offered for sale is called supply. The demand for a product or service always affects ____ of that product or service.

Answer:

consumers , whatever, supply

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• Indeed without Einstein’s theory, which was the result of many complicated mathematical calculations, there would never have been any practical ________of nuclear power.

• Nancy was beginning to get bored at home all day. I was working hard at the time, but I didn’t _____ my job. Most of all, I hated going to work in the rush hour every day.

application

enjoy

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Transitional ExpressionsTo add ideas together

And, also, besides, furthermore, in addition, moreover, too, first, second, finally

To show emphasis and clarityAbove all, after all, in fact, particularly, that is

To show similarityLike, likewise, in the same manner, in the same way, similarly

To express cause and effectAs, because, due to, for, for this reason, now that, since, owning

to, as a result (consequence), accordingly, consequently, therefore, thus.

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Transitional Expressions To point out examples

For example, for instance, to illustrate

To draw a conclusion, an inference, or a summary In a word, in conclusion, in brief, in short, in summary, to

conclude, to summarize, to sum up, therefore.

To indicate time At times, after, afterward, from then on, immediately,

later, meanwhile, next, now, then, until, while.

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That “something special” was men --- (creative) individuals who could invent machines… The man who ___ the machines of the Industry Revolution (came) from many backgrounds and many occupations…. Most of the people who ___ the machines of the Industrial Revolution were inventors, not trained scientists. 1. A. employed B. created C. operated D. controlled

2. A. proposed B. developed C. supplied D. offered

Answer: B, B

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• Lisa declined the man’s offer ____ so as to show her disdain of him.

A. indifferently B. bluntly

C. deliberately D. casually

VocabularVocabularyy

C

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• In the winter, the jet stream moves to lower latitudes resulting _____ greater rainfall for southern states.

A. in B. to C. from D. at

• I can’t thank you ____ much for your kindness, because without your help I can’t have succeeded in the exam.

A. too B. very C. quite D. that

CollocatioCollocationn

A

A

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Exercises

• The football match was televised ___ from the workers’ stadium.

A. life B. alive C. live D. lively

• When the student meets another miserable person from the same country, he will pour out his unhappy feelings. Together they can ___ in their native language.

A. talk B. complain C. speak D. address

C

B

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• There are many ideas about the origin of the tree. It is widely believed that Martin Luther began the custom in Germany. The sight of an evergreen tree on Christmas Eve, with ____ stars above, is said to have made a great impression on him, and he put a similar tree, ____ with lighted candles, in the home.

Answer: twinkling, decorated

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• The chief reason is that all passionate and prejudiced arguments overstate their case and ____ their opponents’ case.

• Phobias, ____ fear of height, fear of water, or

fear of crowds, can be eliminated through conditioning.

A. and B. besides

C. such as D. anyhow

Answer: understateC

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Assignments

• < 大学综合英语（强化篇） > P.84-87• Cloze P.125-130, • Cloze 补充资料• 领会式词汇