UNIT 4: VERBS. PERFECT TENSE Present Perfect: Action begun in the past and continues to the present ...
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Transcript of UNIT 4: VERBS. PERFECT TENSE Present Perfect: Action begun in the past and continues to the present ...
UNIT 4: VERBS
PERFECT TENSE
Present Perfect: Action begun in the past and continues to the present I (have, had) chopped wood every Tuesday for
three years. Past Perfect: Action in the past that preceded another past action I (have, had) chopped wood every Tuesday
until I bought a chain saw.Future Perfect: Action in future time in relation to another time even further in the future By 2015, I (would have, will have) chopped
enough wood to heat six houses.
SUBJUNCTIVEDependent clauses expressing a condition that is untrue or contrary to fact.
If I (was, were) happy, I would laugh. If I (were, had been) happy, I would have
laughed. If Holmes (had, would have) arrived, he would
have seen the rocket. Do not use WOULD in a subjunctive/if clause!!!!
Present If I were sick If I arrive on time
Past If I had been sick If I had arrived on time
Future If I were here If he arrives on time
TRANSITIVE/INTRANSITIVE
I like (lying, laying) my head in a pile of sand when I am (lying, laying) on the beach.
I (lay, laid) the book on the table and (lay, laid) down on the couch.
Intransitive: rise/sit Transitive: raise/set
Lie –intransitive Lay – transitivePresent LIE LAYPast LAY LAIDPast Participle LAIN LAIDPresent Participle LYING LAYING