Unit 3 Typical Activities of Chemical Engineers. Aims and Requirements 1. Mastering New words and...
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Transcript of Unit 3 Typical Activities of Chemical Engineers. Aims and Requirements 1. Mastering New words and...
Unit 3Typical Activities of Chemical Engineers
Aims and Requirements 1. Mastering New words and terminology;2. Comprehending the text and related background kno
wledge accurately;3. Mastering typical expressions in the text. Important and Difficult Teaching Points 1. Explanation of the specialized words and terminolog
y; 2. Analyzing the structure of the complex sentence; 3. Comprehending and translating the text.
一、 New Words and Expressionsgallon n. 加仑 the wine gallon 美国加仑 =3.785 升 the imperial gallon 英国加仑 =4.546 升distillation 蒸馏(过程) , 精馏 atmospheric vacuum distillation 常减压蒸馏 azeotropic distillation 共沸蒸馏 distillation column [tower] 蒸馏塔 distillation plant 蒸馏设备
curriculum n. 课程 , 一组相关的专业课程 ; 路线 , 途径
curriculum schedule 课程表 curriculum vitae ( 简短的 ) 履历flow sheet----flow chart 流程图 , 作业图 , 生产过
程图解schematically ad. 用示意图 , 用图解法 , 示意地 Scheme 示意图 Figure 数据图
bid (for) 出价 ; 申请 make a bid for 在拍卖中出价钱 , 投标startup ←→down time
二、 Text Explanation
Question: Identify the differences between the work of chemists and that of chemical engineers.
Words: tube
pipe
duct
Unit 3Typical Activities of Chemical Engineers
Sentence:1. Samples are taken at appropriate intervals to f
ollow the consumption of the reactants and the production of products as time progresses.
Take sample 取样 follow the consumption of the reactants and the
production of products
跟踪原料消耗和产品生成
2. The chemical engineer is often involved in “scaling up” a chemist-developed small-scale reactor and separation system to a very large commercial plant.
Scale up…..to 放大到……… . commercial plant 工业装置
3. The chemical engineer must work closely with the chemist [in order to understand thoroughly the chemistry involved in the process and to make sure that the chemist gets the reaction kinetic data and the physical property data (needed to design, operate, and optimize the process)].
In order to…….and to…….. 目的状语 注意分析句子结构
4. One of the most impressive features of a typical chemical plant is the tremendous number of pipes running all over the site, literally hundreds of miles in many plants.
系表结构的简单句
5. The terminology (used to label these functions) is by no means uniform from company to company, but a rose by any other name is still a rose.
Terminology 术语 Label 用以描述 by no means 决不
1. Development
Question: Define the function s of the “pilot-plant”.
Words:1. ratio, numerical relation of any part to another
part. proportion, numerical relation of a part to the
whole.
2. the uninitiated, [ 总称 ] 缺乏某种特定知识和经验的人,不熟悉某种特定情况的人。
1. Development
Sentences:
1.Some of the subtle problems involved which are
not obvious to the uninitiated include mixing
imperfectly, increasing radial temperature gradients,
and decreasing ratios of heat transfer areas to heat
generation rates.
2. The chemical engineer works with the chemist and a team of other engineers [to design, construct, and operate the pilot plant]. Usually pilot plants are designed to be quite flexible, so that a wide variety of conditions and configurations can be evaluated.
so that……
2.Design
1. When you find yourself in that position, you will be glad that you studied as hard as you did ( we hope ) so that you can bring the best possible tools and minds to bear on the problems.
Bring……..to bear on…… 将…… . 用于…… .
3. Construction
Question: Describe the process of construction.
Words: rated 额定的,规定的
Sentences: passage 2, 被动态的翻译
1. The startup period can require a few days or a few months,[ depending on the newness of the technology, the complexity of the process, and the quality of the engineering that has gone into the design].
depending on 引导三个平行的介词宾语
4.Construction
1. They run capacity and performance tests on the plant to determine where the bottlenecks are in the equipment, and then design modifications and additions to remove these bottlenecks.
run capacity and performance tests 进行生产能力和装置性能的测试
2. These supervisors are responsible for all aspects of the day-to-day operation of the plant, [including supervising the plant operators who run the plant round the clock on a three-shift basis, meeting quality specifications, delivering products at agreed-upon times and in agreed-upon quantities, developing and maintaining inventories of equipment spare parts, keeping the plant well maintained, making sure safe practices are followed, avoiding excessive emissions into the local environment, and serving as spokespersons for the plant to the local community].
注意分析句子结构 , 从而正确理解 动名词短语并列结构
三、 Exercises
P30
Exercise 1
Exercise 2
化学化工构词( 2)
in- 表示 (1) 向……内,进入,向……,
( 2) 不,非,负
inclusion 包含 inactive 不活泼的
indicator 指示剂 incomplete 不完全的
induce 诱导,感应 inorganic 无机的
inlet 入口 infusible 难熔的
internal 内(部)的 incompressible 不可压缩的
化学化工构词( 2)
in- 用于 b, m, p 前变为 im-
immature 未成熟的 impurity 杂质
immersion 沉浸 impart 传递
in- 用于 l 前变为 il-
illimitable 无限的 illogic 不合逻辑的
in- 用于 r 前变为 ir-
irrational 不合理的 irreversible 不可逆的
课堂练习
Research can be either basic or applied, a distinction
that was established in the first half of the 20th century. Basic
research is defined as the work of scientists and others who
pursue their investigations without conscious goals, other th
an the desire to the secrets of nature. Applied research carrie
s the findings of basic research to a point where they can be
exploited to meet a specific need, while the development stag
e of research and development includes the step necessary t
o bring a new or modified product or process into production.
Key to Ex. 1
1.mechanical 8.pumps
2.electrical 9.control and instrumentation
3.civil 10.mathematics
4.scale-up or develop 11.industry
5.commercial-size 12.academia
6.reactor 13.steam
7.distillation columns 14.cooling water
Key to Ex. 2
15.an economical 16.to improve
17.PID
18.equipment specification sheets
19.Construction 20.capacity and performance
21.bottlenecks 22.Technical sales
23.new or improved 24.engineering methods
25.configurations