Unit 3 : Skeleton and Joints THE SKELETAL SYSTEM.

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Unit 3 : Skeleton and Joints THE SKELETAL SYSTEM

Transcript of Unit 3 : Skeleton and Joints THE SKELETAL SYSTEM.

Page 1: Unit 3 : Skeleton and Joints THE SKELETAL SYSTEM.

Unit 3 : Skeleton and Joints

THE SKELETAL SYSTEM

Page 2: Unit 3 : Skeleton and Joints THE SKELETAL SYSTEM.

Learning goals By the end of this unit you should be

able to: identify and describe the main

functions of the skeletonIdentify and describe the different

types of joints and give examples of articulating bones associated with the joints

Identify different ranges of movement that are allowed by joints

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What you need to know :The main functions of the skeleton including lever

actionHow physical activity impacts on the skeletal systemThe structure of the hinge joint and ball and socket

joint with examplesThe operation of the hinge joint and ball and socket

joint in terms of flexion extension adduction abduction rotation with examples

The articulating bones associated with the hinge joint and ball and socket joint with examples

The structure and function of cartilage and ligaments and associated problems and how to avoid them

Problems with joints and how to avoid them

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Functions of the Skeleton1. Shape and

support2. Movement3. Protection4. Blood production

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1. Shape and SupportCRANIUM

MANDIBLE CLAVICLESCAPULAHUMERU

S STERNUM

RIBSVERTEBRALCOLUMN RADIU

SULNA

CARPALS

METACARPALS

PHALANGES

ILIUMPELVIS

FEMUR

TIBIA

FIBULA

PATELLA

TARSALS

METATARSALS

PHALANGES

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1. Shape and SupportThe way bones are arranged gives us our

general framework and shapeSportspeople will all have different shapes

because of their framework.Different builds are more suited to certain

sports.Bones are firm and rigid they can support

the rest of the body and keep us upright.Muscles are attached to the skeleton and it

is bones that act as a framework for them.

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2. MovementWhen bones work

with muscles they allow the body to move.

Bones are used by muscles as levers that allow movement.

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3. ProtectionSome bones help

protect the internal organs of the body.

In some sports where contact is high this is especially important.

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4. Blood productionIn the long bones

of the body the production of red and white blood cells takes place.

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Classifications of bonesThere are four different classifications1. LONG BONES

e.g. femur, humerus, metacarpals, phalanges

2. SHORT BONESe.g. carpals

3. FLAT BONESe.g. Scapula, sternum

4. IRREGULAR BONESe.g. vertebrae, patella

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Classifications of bones1. LONG BONES

Used to provide levers

Produce blood cells

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Classifications of bones2.Short bones

Specialise in fine movement.

These bones can make small adjustments and can help a body keep balanced

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Classifications of bones3. Flat bones

Tough and can withstand hard impact.

Used for protection

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Classifications of bones4. Irregular bones

Work together and act like a shock absorber

Also used for protection