Unit 3 – Lecture 6

Cellular TransportCellular Transport – the movement of

substances across the membranes of the cell.two kinds of cellular transport:

Cellular Transport – cont’dPassive Transport

substances move WITH the gradient [from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration]

does not require Energyworks to reach dynamic equilibrium

includes:diffusionosmosisfacilitated diffusion w/ protein channels

Cellular Transport – cont’dActive Transport –

substances move AGAINST the gradient [from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration]

requires Energyworks to upset equilibrium

Cellular Transport – cont’dActive Transport –

includes:ion protein pumpstransport vescicles [endo/exo cytosis]parts of the Electron Transport Chain

we will discuss the ETC for the next part of the cells unit

ETC makes ATP for the cell

Ion Protein Pumps

Endo- & Exo- cytosis

Endo- & Exo- cytosis

ATPATP = Adenosine-Tri-Phosphate

the cell’s source of energyadenosine = a nucleotidetri- = threephosphate = a phosphate

[phosphorous & oxygen]

ATP – cont’dhaving 3 phosphates on a molecule makes

the ATPs very electronegative like charges repel

it will take a lot of energy to make the bond stay [like packing stuff into a closet and having to push hard to keep the door closed].

ATP – cont’dWhen the bond is broken

[ATP ADP + P], the energy stored in the bond is released and can be used to fuel the cell’s processes. ADP = adenosine

DI-phosphate [“di-” = two]

Making ATPATP is made using the ATP Synthase

enzyme that makes ATP from ADP+P

“synth” – as in synthesize = to make“ase” = an enzyme