What will we learn today?10.3.2 Examine how scientific and technological changes brought social change.10.3.4 The evolution of work and labor (demise of slave trade; union movement)10.4.1 The rise of industrial economies and their link to imperialism.

Unit 3 Industrial Revolution9.3 and 10.4 Industrialization Spreads

Bellwork:What are your thoughts on evolution? Do you believe it to be true or false? Or somewhere in between? Can you believe in evolution and still believe in a “higher power?”

Growth of Cities Graph

Objectives

Describe the inventions of the 19th century and their impact

Trace advances in medicine and scienceDescribe the emergence of social services.Explain the rise of mass culture.

Essential Question

What efforts were made to fix some of the negatives of the Industrial Revolution?

Big Idea

Electric lights, telephones, cars, and many other conveniences of modern life were invented during this period.

Many modern social welfare programs developed during this period of reform.

Last third of 1800’s brought technological boom due to inventions (light bulb and telephone), resources (oil, coal, iron), and a large urban population’s consumption of manufactured goods.

Cities expanded along railroadsCorporations (business owned by

stockholders who share in it profits but are not personally responsible for its debts) were formed

Big business controlled entire industries (big profits-cutting the cost of production=long hours & low wages)

Who Invented the Light Bulb?

Thomas Edison

Light Bulb, Invented by Thomas Edison

Henry Bessemer

Bessemer Converter

Telegraph Machine

Western Union Telegraph

Alexander Graham Bell

Telephone Prototype

Who had the first successful manned flight?

The Wright Brothers

Wilbur Wright

Orville Wright

Wright Flyer I, Invented by the Wright Brothers

Wright Flyer II, Invented by the Wright Brothers

Wright Brothers Flight

What process made production much faster and efficient?

The Assembly Line

Impact of IndustrializationWestern Europe and the United States

1) First countries to industrialize

a. Increased their economic wealth

b. Gave them a head start in becoming world powers

c. Allowed them to dominate other parts of the world

2) American Civil War

a. Disrupted the flow of cotton to Europe

b. Force Europe to import cotton from Egypt and India

• Napoleonic Wars widened gap between European countries and Britain

• Beginnings in Belgium because of iron, coal, and waterways.

• Germany industrializes scattered industrialization appeared. They also built railroads to link cities/resources. Economic strength lead to military giant

• Industrialization progressed by region, not country. Serf labor ran factories around Moscow.

• Growth occurred in France due to railroad construction.

• Some countries did not industrialize because of delays in social structure, the government or a lack factors of production.

– Industrialization widened the gap between industrialized and non-industrialized countries.

– To keep factories running and workers fed, industrialized countries required a steady supply of raw materials

– Colonies were seized for economic resources– Imperialism (the policy of extending one country’s

rule over many other lands) was born. It was born out of the cycle of industrialization, the development of new markets throughout the world, and the need for resources to supply the factories of Europe.

Rise of Global Inequality

Revolutions in agriculture, production, transportation, and communication

Development of a middle class brought opportunities for education and democratic participation

Changed the lives of people in Western Europe & the US

It gave Europe tremendous economic power Europe was able to produce goods fast & cheap Asia & Africa were agricultural based with small

workshops

Check for Understanding

Who owns a corporation?

Check for Understanding

What are some examples of natural resources?

Check for Understanding

Where did England get cotton from when the US was fighting during the

Civil War?

Check for Understanding

In what area would Germany eventually become very powerful?

Check for Understanding

What is a serf?

Check for Understanding

How did imperialism help the growth of the Industrial Revolution?

Check for Understanding

How did the Industrial Revolution affect Asia and Africa?

Scientific RevolutionCharles Darwin (1809 – 1882)

1) Wrote “On the Origin of Species”

2) Proposed the Theory of Evolution

a. All life evolved over the course of millions of years

b. All species evolved from a common ancestor

3) Natural Selection

a. Survival of the fittest

Charles Darwin

White Peppered Moth

Black morph in Peppered Moth evolutionBlack morph in Peppered Moth evolution

Hominids (Apes)

Charles Darwin Cartoon

Scientific RevolutionLouis Pasteur (1822 – 1895)

1) Germ Theory of Diseasea. Bacteria causes infections and diseasesb. Proved that cleanliness helps prevent

infections

2) Pasteurizationa. Sterilized liquidsb. Increased the shelf life of milk and other

products

Louis Pasteur

Scientific RevolutionMarie Curie (1867 – 1934)

• Theory of Radioactivity• Discovered radiation• Discovered the element radium

Albert Einstein (1879 – 1955)• E = mc2

• General theory of relativity• Special theory of relativity

Marie Curie

Albert Einstein

Scientific RevolutionSigmund Freud (1856 – 1939)

1) Raised questions about the human mind

2) Believed that feelings and memories of pain were repressed in the subconscious

3) Psychoanalysisa. When a therapist and patient probe

deeply into the patient’s memory

Sigmund Freud

Ideas

• Oedipus complex

• Freudian slip• Repression• Subconscious• Projection • And all kinds

of things I can’t talk about

Freud’s Couch

Slavery

Demise of the Slave Trade1) Industry made more money than the

slave trade2) Abolished in the United States and

Europe3) Free labor

a. Became a moral issueb. Only way to grow a strong industrial

economy

Labor Unions Develop

• Union: Voluntary labor association

• Strike: Refuse to work• Labor unions strived to

improve working conditions and benefits for the workers.

• Owners of large corporations opposed the formation of labor unions.

• Unions were denied by government as a threat to social stability in Britain

Industrial Unions

WeWant

Provide workers with

• safer conditions

• higher pay • Legal

protection

Why are Labor Unions good??

• Employers have little flexibility

• A decline in the value of merit

• Products made by union workers may cost more

• Factory Act of 1833-illegal to hire children under 9

• Children 9-12 couldn’t work more than 8 hrs

• 1842-women and children not allowed to work in underground mines

• Unions had child labor banned and set maximum working hours

• Abolition of slavery (Britain) 1833• Fight for women’s rights continue• Free schooling• Reforming prisons

The Reform Movement Spreads

Check for Understanding

Darwin: genius or misguided?

Check for Understanding

Why was Pasteur’s germ theory so important?

Check for Understanding

What science did Freud study?

Check for Understanding

How did the Industrial Revolution affect the slave trade?

Check for Understanding

Are your parents in a union?

Check for Understanding

Are unions more good or more bad? Explain.

SummaryWhat efforts were made to fix some of

the negatives of the Industrial Revolution?

Growth of Cities Graph

http://bit.ly/UJ8VjT• Homework

–Ask your parents what their opinion is on the subject of unions.

• COMPLETELY finish your rough draft of your brochure and bring all materials for a final draft.

Project Time

• 15 points for each section

• 25 points for appearance

• 100 points total

Project Time

• You can do bullets, but they must be complete sentences

• Color it!• Always bring what you

need to work on it here• Yellow: rough draft• Visuals on every column