Unit 3

Connie Beene

TES

The Creek (Isti)Today

• Location– Reservations

• Alabama• Oklahoma

• Government– Principal chief– Councilmembers– Creek law & U.S. law

• Language– English

• Children– Play with each other– Go to school– Do chores– Hunting & Fishing

Early Georgia History

• Location– Georgia, Alabama, Florida, &

North Carolina• Government

– Chief (miko)– Tribal Council– Creek law

• Language– Creek (http://www.native-languages.org/creek_animals.htm)

• Children– More Chores, Less Playtime

• Beaded dolls• Stickball

• Tools– Bows and arrows– Spears, nets, or hooks– Tomahawks and war clubs– Shields

• Clothing/Style– Men

• Breechcloths & Leather Leggings

• Moccasins• Mohawk hairstyle• Porcupine roach• Tribal tattoos

– Women• Wraparound skirts &

mantels– Deerskin or woven fibers

• Cloaks• Moccasins• Long hair in topknots

•Tools–Modern

•Clothing–Men

•Jeans•Shirts/Ribbon shirts•Moccasins/Shoes

–Women•Skirts or Jeans•Blouses/Ribbon shirts•Moccasins/Shoes•Long hair in topknots

•Homes–Villages

•Single-family homes•Village square

–Construction•Plaster & rivercane walls•Thatched roofs

–Other•Large, circular ceremonial buildings•Ball field with benches•Palisades

•Foods–Corn, beans, and squash (3 sisters)–Deer, turkey, small game, and fish–Cornbread, soups, and stews

•Transportation–Dugout canoes

•Homes–Reservations

•Single-family homes•Apartment buildings

–Other•Casinos•Hotels•Restaurants

•Foods–Supermarkets

•Transportation–Cars

•Livelihood–Men

•Hunters•Government•Military

–Women•Farmers•Caregivers

–Both•Storytellers•Artist & Musicians•Medicine

•Accomplishments–Smart, resourceful, and healthy

•Lived off the land and natural resources•Bathed and brushed their teeth daily•Strict rules for personal conduct

•Livelihood–Both

•Government•Military•Business•Caregivers

•Accomplishments–Preserved their culture; interact as U.S. citizens–Notable

•Carrie Underwood, country singer•Cynthia Leitich Smith, author•Cynthia Goodrich, dancer

The Cherokee (Aniyunwiya) Today

• Location– Reservations

• Southeastern U.S.• Oklahoma

• Government– Chief– Tribal council– Cherokee law & U.S. law

• Language– English

• Children– Play with each other– Go to school– Do chores– Hunting & Fishing

Early Georgia History• Location

– Georgia, Tennessee, Virginia, Kentucky, South & North Carolina

• Government– War Chief– Peace Chief– Tribal Council; male or

female– Cherokee law

• Language– Cherokee Indian http://www.native-languages.org/cherokee_animals.htm

• Children– More Chores, Less Playtime

• Dolls• Stickball

• Tools– Bows and arrows; blowguns– Spears and fishing poles– Tomahawks and war clubs– Hand axes, flint knives,

wooden hoes, baskets, and pots

• Clothing/Style– Men

• Breechcloths & Leather Leggings

• Moccasins• Mohawk hairstyle• Porcupine roach• Tribal tattoos

– Women• Wraparound skirts & poncho-

style shirts– Deerskin or woven fibers

• Cloaks• Moccasins• Long hair in topknots• Beaded necklaces and copper

armbands

•Tools–Modern

•Clothing–Men

•Jeans•Shirts/Ribbon shirts•Moccasins/Shoes

–Women•Skirts or Jeans•Blouses/Ribbon shirts•Moccasins/Shoes•Long hair in topknots

•Homes–Villages near rivers

•Single-family homes•Village square

–Construction•Plaster & rivercane walls•Thatched roofs

–Other•Seven-sided ceremonial buildings•Ball field with benches•Palisades

•Foods–Corn, beans, squash, sunflowers–Berries, nuts, and fruit–Deer, turkey, small game, and fish–Cornbread, soups, and stews

•Transportation–Dugout canoes

•Homes–Reservations

•Single-family homes•Apartment buildings

–Other•Casinos•Hotels•Restaurants

•Foods–Supermarkets

•Transportation–Cars

http://www.cherokeebyblood.com/recipes.htm

•Livelihood–Men

•Hunters•Government•Military

–Women•Farmers•Property•Family

–Both•Storytellers•Artist & Musicians•Medicine

•Accomplishments–Sequoyah

•Syllabary•Soccer

•Livelihood–Both

•Government•Military•Business•Caregivers

•Accomplishments–Preserved their culture; interact as U.S. citizens–Notable

•Sam Bradford; Heisman trophy•Bud Adams; football owner•Litefoot; rapper

Sequoyah (George Gist)• Cherokee

– Mother-Cherokee– Father-English

• Nathaniel Gist• His Life

– Hunting Accident• Crippled for life• Renamed “Sequoyah”

– Never Taught to Read & Write

– Silversmith• Syllabary

– Cherokee Alphabet– Cherokee Phoenix

• Newspaper• Written in 2 languages

History – everything people can know about the past

Everyone has a family history.

River – a large body of moving water that flows into a lake, an ocean, or another body of water

Georgia has seven main rivers and several minor rivers.

Mountain – a high land with steep sides

Brasstown Bald Mountain is the highest point in Georgia.

Valley – low land between mountains or hills

Most valleys have rivers running through them.

Artifact – an object made in the past

Museums have many artifacts.

The Creek and Cherokee Meet the Settlers

• Georgia as a colony– Creek

• James Oglethorpe• Mary Musgrove• Tomochichi

– Cherokee• Protected by King George

II• Wars

– Creek and Cherokee fought

– French and Indian War– Anglo-Cherokee War– American Revolution– Chickamauga War– War of 1812

• Land disputes– Among the tribes– With the Whites

• Trail of Tears– What

• Relocation and movement of several Indian tribes

• Winter; no shoes and little clothing

• Many died from exposure, disease, and hunger

• Walked to Oklahoma– Why

• Creek-forced from Georgia due to treaty dispute

• Cherokee-forced from lands when gold was discovered in Dahlonega, GA

– Homes were burned.– Property destroyed or

plundered.• Resettlement

– Indian Reservations

Then & Now• Transportation

– Foot– Horse/Wagon– Ships

• Communication– Face-to-face– Letters– Newspapers

• Recreation– Read the bible– Tag & Hide-n-Seek– Some sports

• Rights & Freedoms– Not supported by England

• Transportation– Automobiles– Airplanes– Trains

• Communication– Phones– Computers– Television & Radio

• Recreation– Organized sports teams– Computer Games– Bicycling & skating

• Rights & Freedoms– Supported by the U.S.

Constitution & Bill of Rights

Needs & WantsNeeds

• Things people must have to live

• Food• Shelter• Clothing• Fluids

Wants

• Things that people would like to have

• Candy, cookies, snacks

• Bigger house• Designer clothes• Soft drinks, coffee

Allocation of Goods and Services

Several hundred people want to see the Harlem Globetrotter’s play at Thomson High, but the auditorium only has one hundred seats. Since the seats are scarce, they have to be allocated, or rationed among the people who wanted them. Thomson High's Student Council wants to allocate the tickets so that they’ll go to the 100 people who will enjoy the show the most. What's the best way to do this? To find out, let's explore some different ways of allocating tickets.

• First come, first serve– Go to the people who get there first– Problems

• Wastes people’s time– Some can wait for hours– Others can’t be there all night

• Lottery– First 100 names get a ticket– Problems

• Families/Friends may not get ticket• Personal attributes

– Go to people based on age, beauty, intelligence, class, race, etc…• Allow only Thomson High students to attend

– Problems• Still too many people• People who really would enjoy cannot attend

• Competition– Such as writing an essay– Problems

• Time-consuming• Price

– Set the price so only a small number of people will want to pay– Problems

• Most ardent fan may not afford it

• No coins/money in the early colonies– Used items to trade

• Had to trade for needs/wants– Colonists wanted things to

trade with England– Indians wanted to be like

the White man• Lunchtime…what do you do

– Trade snacks for sandwiches or drinks

• Different values– 1 rabbit did not equal 1

jewel• Differences of opinion

– People didn’t always agree on value

European Colonists• Food

– Plenty to eat during winter• Fur

– Warmth & trade with England• Help in building their cities and

towns

Creek/Cherokee Indians• Jewels

– Shiny compared to shells• Cloth

– Ready to wrap or stitch• Guns

– Equal footing with the White man

• Metal tools– Easier to use

Goods & ServicesBarter/Trade

Goods – things people make or grow

The Cherokee had many goods that the Europeans wanted.

Services – an activity that people do to help others

The Creek would provide the service of hunting for the settlers.

Barter – the exchange of goods or services without the use of money

Deer were slaughtered so the Indians could use their skins to barter with the settlers.

Scarcity – not having enough resources to meet the demand

There was a scarcity of tickets for the basketball game.

Resources• Natural

– Air, soil, water– Forest

• Mills• Paper

– Rocks• quarries

• Farming– Climate

• Warm; rain– Soil

• fertile– Water

• irrigation

• Minerals– Clay (Kaolin)

• Pots• Glossy paper

– Stone• Granite• Marble

• Waterways– Recreation– Transportation– Electricity

• People– Education– Work Ethic

Natural resources – something in nature that people use

Georgia is rich in natural resources.

Environment – the natural world around us

We are responsible for caring for our environment.