Unit 3 Ch 9 Human Populations

8/2/2019 Unit 3 Ch 9 Human Populations

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Unit 3 Ch. 9

The Human Population


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How do we study the humanpopulation?

Demography study of humanpopulations

Study of historical size andmakeup of populations ofcountries in order to makecomparisons and predictions

2 categories for countries Developed higher average

income, slower birthrate, diverseindustrial economies

Developing lower avg. income,agriculture based economies, rapidpopulation growth


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Human population over time

Grew slowly up until 1800

1800s went throughexponential growth

Population growthincreases every decade

Due to increases in foodproduction, betterhygeine, industrial and

scientific revolution Not likely the earth can

sustain this growth


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Human population over time

Section 1 Studying Human

PopulationsChapter 9


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Forecasting population size

Age structure distribution of ages in a pop shown ina pop pyramid

Survivorship % of members of a group that are likelyto live to a certain age shown with line curves

Fertility rates - # of babies born each year per 1,000women Replacement level avg # of children a parent must

have to replace themselves

Migration movement of individuals between areas

Immigration into Emmigration out of


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Population pyramid / Age structure

Chapter 9Section 1 Studying Human

Populations


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Declining death rates

Dramatic increase in population in last200 years due to drop in death rates

More access to adequate food, cleanwater, and safe sewage disposal

Life expectancy average number ofyears a member of a population is

likely to live Infant mortality death rate of infants

under 1 year old


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The Demographic Transition

Model that describes how economic andsocial changes affect population growthrates (within a country)

Process takes 3 4 generations Stages

1 preindustrial birth rate and death rate arehigh

2 transitional population explosion, death ratelowers due to education, hygiene, nutrition

3 industrial birth rate declines, pop stabilizes Postindustrial birth rate below replacement

level so pop decreases


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Demographic Transition

Chapter 9Section 1 Studying Human

Populations


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9.2 Changing Population Trends

EQ: How is the world populationchanging? What are problemsassociated with rapid populationgrowth?


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Problems of rapid population growth

Overwhelm the infrastructure Infrastructure basic services and facilities that

support a community (water supplies, roads,

sewer lines, schools, etc. ) Symptoms:

Suburban sprawl

Overcrowded schools

Polluted rivers Barren land

Inadequate housing


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Problems of pop growth

Resources used faster thanthey can be replenished(vegetation, land andwater)

Fuelwood shortage woodgathered from fallen limbsto burn as fuel - whenpopulation rises trees arecut down for fuel Fuel allows people to boil

water and cook No fuel leads to malnutrition

and disease


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Problems of pop growth

Unsafe water in cities where there is noinfrastructure local water source may be usedfor drinking, washing, bathing and sewagedisposal

Water becomes breeding ground fororganisms that cause diseases like cholera,typhoid, and dysentery


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Problems cont.

Impacts on land different uses for landare in competition with each other(agriculture, housing, natural habitats)

Arable land used for growing crops Urbanization movement of people from

rural areas to cities for work Suburban sprawl leads to traffic jams,

inadequate infrastructure, and reduction of landfor farms and wildlife


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Demographic Diversity in the world

Countries can bedeveloped, developing,more developed, lessdeveloped

Least developedcountries indentified by

UN given priority forforeign aid anddevelopment programs


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Managing Development andpopulation growth

Government focus on reducingbirth rates Public advertising Family planning programs

Economic incentives Legal punishments

UN Conference on Populationand Development 1994 pg246 Debates on how to stabilize

population growth A lot of focus on improving

womens status


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Growth is slowing

Population is now 6 billion andincreasing

Fertility rates are declining in both

developed and less developed regions Most countries predicted to have

replacement level fertility rates by

2050 UN project med growth rate to a popof 9 billion by 2050


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Closure

How has population growth effectedwest Cobb county?

Unit 3 Ch 9 Human Populations

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