Unit 2Unit 2

Teaching objectives

Grasp the main idea (never delay expressing your true feelings to a friend) and the structure of the text (developing a story around a letter);

Appreciate that spoken English is much more informal than written English;

Master the key language points Integrate four basic skills related to the theme

of the unit

Warm-up Warm-up

Strategy 1

Step 1

Sing along: Auld Lang Syne Should auld acquaintance be forgot, and

never brought to mind? Should auld acquaintance be forgot, for auld lang syne. For auld lang syne, my dear, for auld lang syne. We’ll take a cup of kind yet, for auld lang syne.

Step 2Step 2

What proverbs about friends do you know in English?

Proverb 1

Friends must part. Friendless is the dead. Friends agree best at distance. A friend in need is a friend indeed. The only way to have a friend is to be

one. Friends may meet, but mountains never

greet.

Proverbs 2

Friendship is a plant which must be often watered.

Friendship is to be strengthened by truth and devotion.

Friendship is, at any rate, a relation of perfect equality.

Friendship is love with understanding (love without wings).

Proverb 3

Friendship is the golden thread that ties the heart of all the world.

Friends are like fiddle-strings, they must not be screwed too tight.

Friends that desert us in the hour of need are friends in name, not in reality.

Friendship multiple joys, and divide grief. Friendship? Two bodies and one soul. Friendship cannot stand always on one side. Friendship is like wine, the older the better.

Warm-up 3Warm-up 3

What expressions about friends do you know in

Chinese?

Expressions about friends

When people meet and become friends, they hold a ceremony and promise each other that they will cherish their friendship and be loyal to each other until the day of their death, and during their lifetime, they will share almost everything they have.

生死之交

Expressions about friends 2

Two persons, one being much older than the other, have become such good friends that they forget their difference in age

忘年之交 bosom friend 知音 Two students in the same class who have

become friends 同窗

Warm-upWarm-up

Strategy 2

Questions on the CD-ROM for T

1 Have you ever heard of Dionne Warwick? Have you happened to hear her sing?

2 What does a fair weather friend mean? 3 What does Dionne Warwick think friends

are for? 4 4 Does the song give you any idea of what

stories in this unit will be about?

Do you often write Do you often write letters to friends letters to friends

frequently, sometimes, frequently, sometimes, rarely, never?rarely, never?

A lead-in question to the text

Sometimes we put off writing letters because we think letters can wait until other matters are dealt with, or because we think a phone call will do instead. However, sometimes, as you are to find in this text, we may leave it too late to write, and letters are the best in expressing our innermost feelings.

While-readingWhile-reading 1 1

Ask the Ss to read the text, and put it into a dialogue, and work

in pairs first, then have role play. Here are the tips:

While-reading (Questions)

1 Is your cab available? 2 Is the letter from a child or grandchild? 3 He’s someone you’ve known quite a while? 4 Did you go to school together? 5 Is he dead? 6 Did you two work at the same place? 7 The letter must have made you feel good, didn’t it? 8 I thought your friend was Ed. Why did he sign it

Tom?

While-reading (Answers)

1 Yes. 2 No. Ed was my older friend. 3 All my life. 4 All the way through high school. 5 He died a couple of weeks ago. 6 No, but we hung out together when

single, later we grew more distant.

While-reading (Answers)

7 The driver said something that the narrator couldn’t understand.

8 The letter was not from Ed to me, I am Tom. It’s a letter I wrote to him before I knew he’d died. So I never mailed it.

Text Organisation

Parts Paras Main Ideas Part 1 (1-20): From a conversation with the cab

driver the author learned how much he regretted failing to keep up correspondence.

Part 2 (21-35): Reading the letter by himself, the author learned more about the lifelong friendship between the driver and Old Ed.

Part 3 (Para36): The driver’s experience urged the author to reach for his pen.

Language Language studystudy

24 language points

Language Points 1-2

1 be lost in/ lose oneself in): be absorbed in, be fully occupied with

He was lost in playing computer games so he was unaware of my entering the room.

She was lost in her novel. I had lost in my thought. 2 available: able to use, had, or reached There are tickets available for Jay Chow’s concert. You can use the directions available in the book.

Language Point 3

3 or something: or something like that, used when you are not sure about you have just said.

The air fare was £199 or something.Here’s some money. Get yourself a

sandwich or something.

Language Point 4

4 go ahead: continue, begin (sometimes followed by with +n)

They will vote today on whether to go ahead with the plan.

Henry will be late but we will go ahead with the meeting anyway.

Language Points 5-6

5 know/learn a classic poem by heart: memorise, remember exactly

6 might as well: you have the strong desire to do it though you may feel reluctant about it

So many people queue here to get serve. We might as well go home first.

Anyway, you’re here; you might as well stay.

Language Points 7+8

7 not much of a: not a good He is not much of a father, but he is an outstandin

g professor. In their eyes, being a pop singer is not much of a

career. 8 correspondence: the act of writing, receiving or

sending letter His interest in writing came for correspondence

with a penfriend.

Language Point 8

Letters that sb receives or sends (used as an uncountable noun)

Any further correspondence should be sent to my new address.

She never mentioned her French experience in her correspondence.

Language Point 9

9 neighbouthood: one of the parts of a town where people live

It seems like an ideal neighbourhood to raise the kid.

Houses in a good neighbourhood are likely to be sold at a high price.

Language Points 10-11

10 lost touch with sb, keep in touch with sb

11urge sb to do sth: try very hard to persuade sb to do sth

They urged the local authority to take actions immediately.

Sir Fred urge that Britain join the European Monetary System.

Language Points 12+13

12postpone: delay doing sth The couple postpone having kid to establish their c

areers. Somehow they postponed telling me the sad news. 13 reference: the act of talking about sb/sth, or mentioning sb/sth Strangely he made no reference to any work experi

ence in his resume.

Language Points 13+14

Sth that shows you where else to look for information

Make a note of reference number shown on the form

The act of looking at sth for information

See Page 23 for further reference.

Language Points 14-16

14 absolutely: totally and completelyFunding is absolutely necessary when

Shenzhou 6 is to travel into the space.15 a family reunion/ an annual reunio

n16 years /each day go(es) by: (time) p

ass

Language Point 17

17 hang out: stay in or near a place He often hung out in the pub when

unemployed. We can just hang out and have a good time. Hang clothes on a piece of string outside in

order to dry them What a pain! It’s raining and I have just

hung my bed mattress out.

Language Points 18

18 every now and then: sometimes, at times

Every now and then I have a desire to quit my tedious job.

I still see Jane for lunch every now and then, but not as often as I used to.

Language Point 19

19 mostly: almost all, generallyThey have invested their money

mostly in expensive real estate.The guests at the wedding party

are mostly friends of the bride.

Language Points 20+21

20 awful: (infml; used to add force)very great; very bad and unpleasant

I have got an awful lot of work to do. I can’t bear the awful smell of cigarette smoke. 21 choke up: become too upset to speak When he learned the news of his friends’ sudden d

eath, he was so choked up he couldn’t say a thing. Losing my job left me completely choked up; I wa

s so upset that I didn’t know what to say.

Language Points 22+23

22 destination: the place to which sb is going or being sent

Singapore is still our most popular holiday destination.

Only half of the emergency supplies have reached their destination because of the bad weather.

23 skip: pass from (one point, etc.) to another, disregarding or failing to act on what comes between

Language Points 23+24

The teacher skipped chapter five and said it wouldn’t be on the test.

‘As time is limited, we will have to skip some of the exercises in Unit 10’, said the teacher.

24 right away: (infml) at once Tom has got a high fever; he should go and see a

doctor right away. I wrote him a letter and posted it right away.

Bye-bye and Good Bye-bye and Good Luck!Luck!

Unit 2 FriendshipUnit 2 Friendship(3rd session)(3rd session)

Objectives1. Grasp the main idea and structure of the text

(developing a story around a letter), and be able to retell the whole story.

2. Review the useful expressions.3. Appreciate that spoken English is much more

informal than written English .4. Be aware of the skills to conduct conversations. 5. Master different forms of English letters.

Step 1 Review the text

Step 2 Review the uesful expressions

Step 3 Writing style

a 、 Colloquial Vs. formal

b 、 Skills to conduct conversations

Step 4 Role-play

Step 5 Letter writing

Step 6 Assignments

Review : the text How many heroes are there in Text A? Who are t

hey? What is the cabbie’s name? Who’s Ed? What does the story begin with? Is it the letter the cabbie received from his friend

Ed? Who wrote the letter?

Retell the story. Back

Review: useful expressions沉浸于……Be lost in…引起某人注意Get one’s attention坐在了后座Settle into the back seat又或者别的什么（猜测）Or something我不忙I’m in no hurry

背下来了Know it by heart在行写作Be much of a hand at writing保持，持续（联系）Keep up (correspondence)我想象着认为I take it……老邻居Old neighborhood有点Kind of /sort of

和某人保持 / 失去 / 取得 / 联系Stay in/keep in/lose/get in touch

with在脑海里On one’s mind出现Come up/occur鼓励某人做……Urge sb. to do sth./urge +that-cl

ause(“should”)马上Right away/at once

推迟 / 拖延Postpone/put off/delay参考Reference毕业后的同学聚会A class reunion随着时间的流逝As time goes by闲逛、徘徊Hung out不时的(every now and then)窒息Chock up Back

Try to find out the similar meaning/the original sentence in the text.

-- Go on reading your letter. -- I’m not used to writing letters. -- We were friends since our childhood. So our

friendship has a long story. -- For one reason or another you lose touch even

though you never forget. -- It is painful to lose any friend.

Writing Style

-- Go on reading your letter. （ Go ahead and finish your letter ） -- I’m not used to writing letters. (I’m not much of a hand at writing) -- We were friends since our childhood. So our frie

ndship has a long story. (We were kids together, so we go way back) -- For one reason or another you lose touch even th

ough you never forget.(You kind of lose touch even though you never forget) -- It is painful to lose any friend. ( It’s no fun to lose any friend)

Which sentences above are more colloquial?

Spoken language in daily life:

1 、 short and simple, or incompletei.e. “ (Is the letter) From a child or a grandchild?”

“ (You) Went to school together?”

“Time.”

“( I have) Enjoyed talking with you.”

2 、 do not exist in written languagei.e. sort of , kind of, you know, I think, I guess, I take it ,

well, go ahead, hang out , it’s no fun to do sth. , not much of a hand at doing sth., a couple of , every now and then, an awful lot.

Back

Ways to keep conversation going:

1 、 Express agreement to show the cabbie what a sympathetic （富有同情心的） listener he is.

解析：用表示同意的方法表达听者的同情2 、 Ask questions directly to get more information

out of the cabbie. 解析：直接发问获取信息3 、 Ask indirect questions by making guesses.

解析：用猜测来间接的发问 back

i.e. “ Letters from home always mean a lot. At least they do with me because I’m on the road so much.”

“ I don’t think any of us keep our correspondence too well. I know I don’t.”

“ Well, we should all keep in touch with old friends more than we do. But things come up and we just don’t seem to find the time.”

“You know I’d like to receive a letter like

that from my oldest friend.” Back

“You said ‘was’. Does that mean--?”

“Did you two work at the same place?”

“I thought your friend’s name was Ed. Why did he sign it Tom?”

Back

“From a child or maybe a grandchild?”

“Went to school together?”

“ I take it he’s someone you’ve known quite a while?”

“ You must have spent a lot of time together.”

“That must have made you feel good, didn’t it?”

Back

Role-playLater on, you are required to give us wonderful

performance.

Pay attention this is role-play, do as if you were Tom or the narrator.

Try to be creative and active.

back

Letter Writing

Two types of letters:

Business letters & personal letters

( formal & informal )

Business Letter What kind of letter is “business letter”? It is usually consists of six parts: 1 、 heading （信头） 2 、 the inside address 3 、 the salutation （客气称呼） 4 、 the body 5 、 the complimentary close （表敬意的） 6 、 the signature （签名） a sample letter

Heading The full address of the writer . The date of the letter. It is indented to the middle of the page. Put a comma after each line in the heading and

end the address with a period (British way) Samples

Example:

British American

Mr. Zhang Qinghua, Mr. Zhang Qinghua

The Faculty of Foreign The Faculty of Foreign

Study, Study

Hubei University, Hubei University

Wuhan, 430062, Wuhan, 430062

China. China

Nov. 1, 2004 Nov. 1, 2004

back

English Department

Beijing Foreign Studies University

Beijing, 100081

Sept. 5, 1993

Editor

Newsweek International

444 Madison Avenue

New York, NY 10022

U.S.A.

Dear Editor,

I read in Newsweek/September 14, 1987 that an updated second edition of the unabridged Random House Dictionary of the English Language is being published. I would be very grateful if you could give me some information on where and how I can get a copy of the dictionary and if there is a less expensive edition than the one described.

Thank you for any help you can give me.

Yours faithfully,

Lin Huafeng

back

Personal/friendly letters The salutation The complimentary close The signature A model

Nov.1,2004

Dear Liping,

It has been a few months since I last wrote you and sent you a box of books, and as I have not heard anything from you, I thought I would write again to make certain that you did, in fact, receive my letter and books.

I am concerned about the books arriving there and would appreciate your letting me know if you have received them and if they were the kind of books you could use.

Best regards,

George

Summary

Assignments

1. Finish all the exercises on the book in this unit, and you will be checked next time.

2. Write a personal letter to whoever you want to write. Pay attention that you should bear in mind the format of writing a letter while you are doing the task.

Teaching objectives:Teaching objectives:

1 Grasp the main language points;2 Use the new words correctly;3 Conduct a series of reading, listening, speaking, writing and translating activities centered upon the theme of the unit.

Dictations

Check answers and do some activities.

Read words and Read words and phrases in the third phrases in the third

unit.unit.

Assignments:Assignments:a) Go over unit 2a) Go over unit 2

b) Prepare for unit 3b) Prepare for unit 3