Unit 2-Part 2. All cells are surrounded by a thin, flexible barrier known as the cell membrane (or...

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Cell Boundaries Unit 2-Part 2

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Transcript of Unit 2-Part 2. All cells are surrounded by a thin, flexible barrier known as the cell membrane (or...

Page 1: Unit 2-Part 2. All cells are surrounded by a thin, flexible barrier known as the cell membrane (or plasma membrane). Regulates what enters and leaves.

Cell BoundariesUnit 2-Part 2

Page 2: Unit 2-Part 2. All cells are surrounded by a thin, flexible barrier known as the cell membrane (or plasma membrane). Regulates what enters and leaves.

Cell Membrane

http://safeshare.tv/w/TnvaawFHkW
Page 3: Unit 2-Part 2. All cells are surrounded by a thin, flexible barrier known as the cell membrane (or plasma membrane). Regulates what enters and leaves.

All cells are surrounded by a thin, flexible barrier known as the cell membrane (or plasma membrane).

Regulates what enters and leaves the cell and also provides protection and support.

Cell Membrane

Page 4: Unit 2-Part 2. All cells are surrounded by a thin, flexible barrier known as the cell membrane (or plasma membrane). Regulates what enters and leaves.

Lipid bilayer: two layers of lipid molecules

Protein molecules are embedded in the layers.

Carbohydrate molecules are attached to some proteins.

Cell Membrane

Page 5: Unit 2-Part 2. All cells are surrounded by a thin, flexible barrier known as the cell membrane (or plasma membrane). Regulates what enters and leaves.

‘Fluid’: some parts of the membrane can move around freely, if they are not attached to other parts of the cell.

‘Mosaic' :'patchwork' of proteins that is found in the Phospholipid Bilayer.

Fluid Mosaic Model

http://www.stolaf.edu/people/giannini/flashanimat/lipids/membrane%20fluidity.swf
Page 6: Unit 2-Part 2. All cells are surrounded by a thin, flexible barrier known as the cell membrane (or plasma membrane). Regulates what enters and leaves.

1. Read Lipid Bilayer Article

2. Answer questions from CYU

Article Review

Page 7: Unit 2-Part 2. All cells are surrounded by a thin, flexible barrier known as the cell membrane (or plasma membrane). Regulates what enters and leaves.

Edible Lipid Bilayer

http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&docid=9JvKITIkRMtJVM&tbnid=x1aBxVXZ257J1M:&ved=0CAcQjRw&url=http://www.candywarehouse.com/products/twizzlers-watermelon-pull-n-peel-licorice-twists-14-ounce-bag/&ei=IcMeVPacC9K3yASW44Bg&bvm=bv.75775273,d.aWw&psig=AFQjCNFu_gl0Y1JVcnos6jbaj8-ZwfzT-Q&ust=1411388568116323
Page 8: Unit 2-Part 2. All cells are surrounded by a thin, flexible barrier known as the cell membrane (or plasma membrane). Regulates what enters and leaves.

Cell Membrane

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5CXXuo7CgOc
Page 9: Unit 2-Part 2. All cells are surrounded by a thin, flexible barrier known as the cell membrane (or plasma membrane). Regulates what enters and leaves.

Present in plants, algae, fungi and many prokaryotes

Porous to allow water, oxygen, carbon dioxide to pass through easily.

Function: provide support and protection for cell

Cell Walls

Page 10: Unit 2-Part 2. All cells are surrounded by a thin, flexible barrier known as the cell membrane (or plasma membrane). Regulates what enters and leaves.

Read pages 183-186

Write definition for the following terms:◦ Concentration◦ Diffusion◦ Equilibrium◦ Osmosis◦ Isotonic◦ Hypertonic◦ Hypotonic

Read and Respond

Page 11: Unit 2-Part 2. All cells are surrounded by a thin, flexible barrier known as the cell membrane (or plasma membrane). Regulates what enters and leaves.

Particles are in constant, random motion.

Tend to move from area of high concentration to an area of low concentration.

Energy is not required.

Equilibrium: concentration of solute is same throughout

Diffusion

Page 12: Unit 2-Part 2. All cells are surrounded by a thin, flexible barrier known as the cell membrane (or plasma membrane). Regulates what enters and leaves.

Some particles are too large or too strongly charged to cross the lipid bilayer.

If a substance can cross, it is said to be permeable.

Most biological membranes are selectively permeable, meaning that some substances can pass, but others cannot.

Osmosis

Page 13: Unit 2-Part 2. All cells are surrounded by a thin, flexible barrier known as the cell membrane (or plasma membrane). Regulates what enters and leaves.

Water passes easily through most membranes.

Osmosis is the diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane.

Osmosis

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HqKlLm2MjkI
Page 14: Unit 2-Part 2. All cells are surrounded by a thin, flexible barrier known as the cell membrane (or plasma membrane). Regulates what enters and leaves.

Water will tend to move across the membrane until equilibrium is reached.

When the concentrations of water and solute are the same on each side of the membrane, the solution is said to be isotonic (same strength).

Hypertonic (above strength) means more solute.

Hypotonic (below strength) means dilute, or less solute.

Osmosis

Page 15: Unit 2-Part 2. All cells are surrounded by a thin, flexible barrier known as the cell membrane (or plasma membrane). Regulates what enters and leaves.
Page 16: Unit 2-Part 2. All cells are surrounded by a thin, flexible barrier known as the cell membrane (or plasma membrane). Regulates what enters and leaves.

For survival, organisms must balance intake and loss of water.

Cells placed in fresh water (or hypotonic) will have more solutes inside, and therefore water will tend to diffuse INTO the cell. The cell may burst if it takes in too much water.

Cells placed in a concentrated (hypertonic) solution will tend to lose water (water moves OUT), and may result in the cell shrinking.

Osmotic Pressure

Page 17: Unit 2-Part 2. All cells are surrounded by a thin, flexible barrier known as the cell membrane (or plasma membrane). Regulates what enters and leaves.

Osmosis Lab

http://www.google.ca/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&docid=nU29lWsZZpIsUM&tbnid=mmZ4heWBg4mF6M:&ved=0CAcQjRw&url=http://www.wilton.com/contests/giant-gummy-kit/&ei=ctQeVISIB9GHyATij4DIDg&bvm=bv.75775273,d.aWw&psig=AFQjCNHSBvwmKnEf0uifMvg8l4ch6gYX3Q&ust=1411392993319746
Page 18: Unit 2-Part 2. All cells are surrounded by a thin, flexible barrier known as the cell membrane (or plasma membrane). Regulates what enters and leaves.

Cell Boundaries Review

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=n5nubvwJJQM
Page 19: Unit 2-Part 2. All cells are surrounded by a thin, flexible barrier known as the cell membrane (or plasma membrane). Regulates what enters and leaves.

Type of passive transport that allows substances to cross membranes with the assistance of special transport proteins.

Facilitated diffusion is fast and specific, but it will only occur if there is a higher concentration of the particular molecule on one side than the other.

Does not require energy use by the cell.

Facilitated Diffusion

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VaP_CBBARSI
Page 20: Unit 2-Part 2. All cells are surrounded by a thin, flexible barrier known as the cell membrane (or plasma membrane). Regulates what enters and leaves.

Cells must sometimes move materials in the opposite direction of diffusion (against the concentration difference).

Active transport of small molecules across the membrane is usually carried out by transport proteins (or protein "pumps").

Active transport requires energy.

Active Transport

Page 21: Unit 2-Part 2. All cells are surrounded by a thin, flexible barrier known as the cell membrane (or plasma membrane). Regulates what enters and leaves.

Summary

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cpjcnEaASs0
Page 22: Unit 2-Part 2. All cells are surrounded by a thin, flexible barrier known as the cell membrane (or plasma membrane). Regulates what enters and leaves.

Larger molecules and clumps of material may be transported by the cell membrane.

Endocytosis is the process of taking materials INTO the cell by "infolding," or forming pockets in the cell membrane.

The pocket that forms breaks loose, and forms a vacuole.◦ Two types:

1. Pinocytosis - intake of liquid2. Phagocytosis-intake of larger particles

Exocytosis: releasing large amounts of material from the cell; vacuole membrane fuses with cell membrane, forcing the contents out of the cell.

Endocytosis & Exocytosis

Page 23: Unit 2-Part 2. All cells are surrounded by a thin, flexible barrier known as the cell membrane (or plasma membrane). Regulates what enters and leaves.

Endocytosis & Exocytosis

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qpw2p1x9Cic
Page 24: Unit 2-Part 2. All cells are surrounded by a thin, flexible barrier known as the cell membrane (or plasma membrane). Regulates what enters and leaves.

Define:◦ Endocytosis◦ Exocyotis◦ Pinocyotis◦ Phagocytosis

Warm-Up!

Page 25: Unit 2-Part 2. All cells are surrounded by a thin, flexible barrier known as the cell membrane (or plasma membrane). Regulates what enters and leaves.

Correct Cell Boundaries Worksheet

Page 26: Unit 2-Part 2. All cells are surrounded by a thin, flexible barrier known as the cell membrane (or plasma membrane). Regulates what enters and leaves.

Page 189 # 1-6

Pg 197 #6-8

Questions

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Page 27: Unit 2-Part 2. All cells are surrounded by a thin, flexible barrier known as the cell membrane (or plasma membrane). Regulates what enters and leaves.

Both plant and animal cells contain mitochondria.

The mitochondrion contains a folded membrane on the inside.

Mitochondria

Page 28: Unit 2-Part 2. All cells are surrounded by a thin, flexible barrier known as the cell membrane (or plasma membrane). Regulates what enters and leaves.

Glycolysis releases a small amount of energy, and takes place in the cytoplasm.

In the presence of oxygen, glycolysis is followed by the Krebs Cycle and the electron transport chain.

These processes are known collectively as cellular respiration.

Using Food for Energy

Page 29: Unit 2-Part 2. All cells are surrounded by a thin, flexible barrier known as the cell membrane (or plasma membrane). Regulates what enters and leaves.

Mitochondria

Page 30: Unit 2-Part 2. All cells are surrounded by a thin, flexible barrier known as the cell membrane (or plasma membrane). Regulates what enters and leaves.

Cellular respiration is the process that releases energy by breaking down glucose and other food molecules in the presence of oxygen.

Cellular Respiration

Page 31: Unit 2-Part 2. All cells are surrounded by a thin, flexible barrier known as the cell membrane (or plasma membrane). Regulates what enters and leaves.

Photosynthesis occurs in the chloroplasts of plant cells.

Photosynthesis uses the energy of sunlight to convert water and carbon dioxide into high-energy sugars and oxygen.

Photosynthesis

Page 32: Unit 2-Part 2. All cells are surrounded by a thin, flexible barrier known as the cell membrane (or plasma membrane). Regulates what enters and leaves.

Photosynthesis & Cellular Respiration

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Page 33: Unit 2-Part 2. All cells are surrounded by a thin, flexible barrier known as the cell membrane (or plasma membrane). Regulates what enters and leaves.

Complementary Processes

Page 34: Unit 2-Part 2. All cells are surrounded by a thin, flexible barrier known as the cell membrane (or plasma membrane). Regulates what enters and leaves.

Crossword

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Page 35: Unit 2-Part 2. All cells are surrounded by a thin, flexible barrier known as the cell membrane (or plasma membrane). Regulates what enters and leaves.

What is the chemical reaction for photosynthesis?

What is the chemical reaction for cellular respiration?

Warm-Up!

Page 36: Unit 2-Part 2. All cells are surrounded by a thin, flexible barrier known as the cell membrane (or plasma membrane). Regulates what enters and leaves.

Review: Test #3

Page 37: Unit 2-Part 2. All cells are surrounded by a thin, flexible barrier known as the cell membrane (or plasma membrane). Regulates what enters and leaves.

Whiteboard Battle

Page 38: Unit 2-Part 2. All cells are surrounded by a thin, flexible barrier known as the cell membrane (or plasma membrane). Regulates what enters and leaves.

What is diffusion?

Question #1

Page 39: Unit 2-Part 2. All cells are surrounded by a thin, flexible barrier known as the cell membrane (or plasma membrane). Regulates what enters and leaves.

What is osmosis?

Question #2

Page 40: Unit 2-Part 2. All cells are surrounded by a thin, flexible barrier known as the cell membrane (or plasma membrane). Regulates what enters and leaves.

Hypertonic? Hypotonic? Or Isotonic?

1. A solution has the same concentration on both sides of the permeable membrane.

2. A solution has a larger concentration of solute.

3. A solution has a smaller concentration of solute.

Question #3

Page 41: Unit 2-Part 2. All cells are surrounded by a thin, flexible barrier known as the cell membrane (or plasma membrane). Regulates what enters and leaves.

What is the chemical equation for photosynthesis?

Question #4

Page 42: Unit 2-Part 2. All cells are surrounded by a thin, flexible barrier known as the cell membrane (or plasma membrane). Regulates what enters and leaves.

What is the chemical equation for cellular respiration?

Question #5


Since bacteria have no true nucleus or organelles surrounded by a membrane, this makes them prokaryotic cells.

Since bacteria have no true nucleus or organelles surrounded by a membrane, this makes them prokaryotic cells.

Cell Boundaries Chapter 7-3. Cell Membrane Regulates what enters and leaves the cell.

Cell Boundaries Chapter 7-3. Cell Membrane Regulates what enters and leaves the cell.

1 CELL MEMBRANES and TRANSPORT. 2 The Cell 3 Cell Membrane All living things are surrounded by a membrane. A cell membrane is also known as plasma.

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Microorganisms. Cell Membrane - aka “Plasma Membrane” and “Fluid Mosaic Membrane” -All cells have cell membranes -Functions: a.Controls what enters and.

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The cell In It’s Environment Function of the cell membrane? –To regulate what enters and leaves the cell. Structure of the cell membrane –Double layer.

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Cell Boundaries. I. Cell Membrane A. All cells are surrounded by a thin flexible barrier known as the cell membrane B. Cell membrane regulates what goes.

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Cell membrane and Transport. Cell membrane = plasma membrane is semi-permeable or selectively permeable because it controls what enters and exits the.

Membrane Transport Lab Lesson Plan 2 Days · concentrations on the permeability of carrot cells. ... membrane is definitely responsible for regulating what enters and exits the ...

Membrane Transport Lab Lesson Plan 2 Days · concentrations on the permeability of carrot cells. ... membrane is definitely responsible for regulating what enters and exits the ...

The Human Cell Membrane - yu.ac.ir · • Membrane Fluidity: Cell Fusion Experiments Introduction All cells are surrounded by a cell membrane (also called the plasma membrane). This

The Human Cell Membrane - yu.ac.ir · • Membrane Fluidity: Cell Fusion Experiments Introduction All cells are surrounded by a cell membrane (also called the plasma membrane). This

LYSOSOMES By: Carmelitta Oakley. Lysosomes Characteristics: ◦ Acidic interior ◦ Contains hydrolytic enzymes ◦ Surrounded by a membrane Lysosomes are analogous.

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AP Biology The Cell. AP Biology Cell characteristics All cells: surrounded by a plasma membrane have cytosol semi-fluid substance within the membrane.

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CELL (PLASMA) MEMBRANE Chapter 4 Pg. 77-78. Homeostasis Balanced internal conditions of cells Maintained by cell membrane controlling what enters or.

CELL (PLASMA) MEMBRANE Chapter 4 Pg. 77-78. Homeostasis Balanced internal conditions of cells Maintained by cell membrane controlling what enters or.

Cell Boundaries 7-3. Cell Membrane Cell membrane = – controls what enters and leaves the cell – provides protection and support – Receives chemical signals.

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1 Structure of the Bacterial Cell - Wiley-VCH · Structure of the Bacterial Cell All bacterial cells are surrounded by at least one membrane, the cytoplasmic membrane enclosing the

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