What is matter? Essential Questions: How does one determine what matter is made of?
Unit 2: Matter What is stuff?. What is Matter? -Rain -Snow -Air -Electricity -Breath -Thunder...
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Transcript of Unit 2: Matter What is stuff?. What is Matter? -Rain -Snow -Air -Electricity -Breath -Thunder...
Unit 2: Matter
What is stuff?
What is Matter?
- Rain- Snow- Air- Electricity- Breath- Thunder- Lightning- Light- Energy
Which of the following is matter?
Let’s Define Matter…
Write down a definition of what you think constitutes matter. Be specific!
Our definition: Matter is anything that has a VOLUME and a MASS.
The Nature of Matter:
Kinetic Theory of Matter:Matter is made up of tiny particles in constant motion.
Elements are made of 1 type of atom
Atoms made of: Protons Neutrons Electrons
Matter cannot be created or destroyed in/by a natural process. 1st Law of
Thermodynamics
Elements, Compounds, and Mixtures:
Elements: Pure substance that cannot be broken down into smaller parts; consists of only 1 type of Atom
Compounds: A chemical combination of 2 or more elements.
Mixture: A physical combination of 2 or more compounds or elements.
SO…which of these do each of the pictures represent?
Mixture Types:
Heterogeneous mixtures contain regions that have properties that are different from other regions. They are NOT the same
throughout.
Homogeneous mixtures are the same throughout. They are called solutions. Solute vs. Solvent
Intro to the States of Matter
There are 4 states of matter Solids Liquids Gasses Plasma
These are PHYSICAL properties of matter.
Phases of Matter
What temperature does water boil at?
What Temperature does water boil at when at a pressure of 218 atm?
Another phase diagram (constant pressure)
Physical and Chemical Properties of Matter
Physical
Odor
Color
Volume
Mass
State
Density
Melting point
Boiling point
Chemical
Reactivity
Electron Affinity
Electronegativity
Atomic Radius
Atomic Mass
Acidity
Basicity
Physical and Chemical Properties Continued…
Chemical properties refer to a substances ability to form new substances. Results in a chemical change Called reactions
Gas Released Heat Released Change in pH Unexpected Color Change Formation of a Precipitate
Physical properties refer to characteristics that do not result in the formation of a new substance Results in a physical change Can be used to identify
substances
Kinetic Molecular Theory: Characteristics of the States of Matter:
Solid:- particles are
touching- particles are
arranged in a stacking pattern
- strong attractive forces between particles
- cannot be compressed
Liquid:
- particles are touching- particles are able to
move past eachother- mild attractive
forces between particles
- cannot be compressed
Gas:- particles not
touching- particles are free
flowing- NO attractive forces
between particles- can be compressed
Take a look…
So… why do we see the characteristics that we see???
Separating Mixtures:
Distillation: A liquid solution is boiled to produce a vapor which is then condensed to re-produce a separated liquid
Filtration: used to separate a heterogeneous mixture containing a solid and a liquid
Combination: well….duh!