Unit 2 Matter & Change Notes. Is this a chemical or physical reaction? How do you know? ATMQ4.
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Transcript of Unit 2 Matter & Change Notes. Is this a chemical or physical reaction? How do you know? ATMQ4.
![Page 1: Unit 2 Matter & Change Notes. Is this a chemical or physical reaction? How do you know? ATMQ4.](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032722/56649f415503460f94c60e2c/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Unit 2 Matter & ChangeNotes
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Is this a chemical or physical reaction? How do you know?
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SJCcH0ATMQ4
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Terms to Know
A. Chemistry- The study of matter and the changes matter undergoes.
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Terms to Know
B. Mass- a measure of the amount of matter.
C. Matter –anything that takes up space and has mass.
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Terms to Know
Three phases of matter:
solid – has definite shape and definite volume
liquid – no definite shape; definite volume
gas – no definite shape nor definite volume
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Wait a minute! I have heard of a 4th state matter-
Plasma
Plasmas are a lot like gases, but the atoms are different because they are made up of free electrons and ions of the element.
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Terms to Know
D. Atom– smallest particle of an element that retains the chemical
properties of the element
E. Element- a pure substance
made of only one kind of atom
-from the Periodic table
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Terms to Know
F. Compound- composed of 2 or more elements in a fixed ratio
– properties differ from those
of individual elements
EX: table salt (NaCl)
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II. Properties and Changes in Matter
A. Physical Properties of Matter characteristics which allow us to recognize and distinguish it from another substance
Without changing the substance!!!
– Examples of physical properties are color, odor, density, melting and boiling points and its physical state (solid, liquid, gas)
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Physical Properties
• Malleable :
• Ability to be hammered into thin sheets
• Ductile:
• Ability to be drawn into a wire
• Luster:
• Ability to reflect the light
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A. Properties and Changes in Matter
Intensive property – does NOT depend on amount of substance present; is constant, examples are density, melting or freezing points, heat capacity, solubility
Extensive property – depends on amount of matter present. Ex: mass, volume
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** Intensive properties are so intense that the
amount of matter doesn’t matter!!***
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II. Properties and Changes in Matter
B. Physical Changes of matter– does not alter the chemical composition of a substance. Physical changes usually are phase changes (going from solid to liquid) changes in size (cutting, grinding, etc), or dissolving in water.
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II. Properties and Changes in Matter
• Know these 6 phase changes:
– Melting: Solid to liquid
– Evaporation/Boiling: liquid to gas
– Condensation: gas to liquid
– Freezing: liquid to solid
– Sublimation: solid to gas
– Deposition: gas to solid
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Any change in state is a physical change…
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A physical change is usually REVERSIBLE!!!
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States of Matter
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xYFAj50c7xM
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II.Properties and Changes in Matter
C. Chemical Properties – the manner in which a substance reacts with another substance – we can only observe a chemical property when it undergoes a chemical change.
Ex: Reactivity, flammability, heat of combustion, ability to oxidize
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Write this down!
H2 + O2 H2O
Reactants Products
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D. Chemical Changes of Matter
Involves changing one
substance into a new substance: cannot get the original substance back: burning, fermentation, cooking a steak, etc. A chemical change is
a chemical reaction.
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II. Properties and Changes in Matter
1. Reactants: starting substances/before arrow
2. Products: ending substances/after arrow
Mg + 2 HCl MgCl2 + H2
Reactants products
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5 Signs of a Chemical Reaction
• There are five indicators that a chemical reaction has taken place.
• They are…1. Color change2. Temp. change3. Gas.4. Appearance of a
precipitate (solid)5. Light.
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Demo time!
• What are some of the signs that you see from the demos that indicate a CHEMICAL REACTION?
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Law of Conservation of Mass
Law of conservation of Mass:
• The total mass of the reactants equals the total mass of the products. Matter is never created or destroyed.
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Problem 1
Reactant A and reactant B are combined to form Product C. If there are 3 grams of reactant A and 5 grams of reactant B, how many grams of reactant C are formed?
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Intensive or Extensive?1. Boiling point
Answer: Intensive
2. Melting point
Answer: Intensive
3. Color
Answer: Intensive
4. Odor
Answer: Intensive
5. Mass
Answer: Extensive
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Physical or Chemical properties?
1. rusting iron
Answer: Chemical
2. dissolving in water
Answer: Physical
3. burning a log
Answer: Chemical
4. melting ice
Answer: Physical
5. grinding spices
Answer: Physical
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Learning Check 3
9 mL of oxygen gas were added to 18 mL of hydrogen gas to form water vapor. How many mL of water vapor were formed?
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Activity Time!!!!
Card Sorts – Making a T chart
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Physical/ Chemical Changes
Physical Changes• Does NOT produce a
new substance• Is reversible
Chemical Changes• Produces a new
substance• Is NOT REVERSIBLE
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Physical/Chemical Properties
Physical Properties• Does NOT require
altering the material• Does NOT require a
chemical change
Chemical Properties• Requires altering the
material• Requires a chemical
change
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Intensive/Extensive Properties
Intensive Properties• Does NOT depend on
the amount of matter
Extensive Properties• Does depend on the
amount of matter