Unit 2, Lesson 2.4 - Solutions
Transcript of Unit 2, Lesson 2.4 - Solutions
Before we watch the video, copy these questions first in your notebook. Be sure to make spaces for your answers. You will find the answers on the video.
1. What is a solvent?
2. What is a solute?
3. Give examples of solvent and solute?
4. Give examples of dissolvable and non-dissolvable in water.
5. What are the factors that affect solubility?
ANSWER FOR 5 MINUTES IN YOUR NOTEBOOK:
1. What is a solvent?
2. What is a solute?
3. Give examples of solvent and solute.
4. Give examples of soluble and insoluble substances in water.
5. What are the factors that affect solubility?
1. WHAT IS A SOLVENT?
The one that dissolves soluteIt makes up most of the solutionWater is the universal solvent
3. GIVE EXAMPLES OF SOLVENT AND SOLUTE.
Solvents are those that dissolves the solutes. They usually make up most of the volume of a solution.
(ex. Solvents- water, oil; Solutes- salt, sugar)
4. GIVE EXAMPLES OF SOLUBLE AND INSOLUBLE SUBSTANCES IN WATER.
Miscible means soluble (ex. sugar, salt, juice powder, milk powder, soil)
Immiscible means insoluble (ex. oil, sand, white pepper, rubber, paper)
5. WHAT ARE THE FACTORS THAT AFFECT SOLUBILITY?
MixingQuantity of solventTemperature TimePressureNature of solute and solvent (miscible and
immiscible)
SATURATED SOLUTIONS
Contains the maximum amount of solute dissolved in a given amount of solvent
If you add more solute to the solvent, it won’t dissolve anymore.
UNSATURATED SOLUTIONS
Contains less dissolved solute than a saturated solution under given temperature and pressure.
Solubility changes with temperature.
SUPERSATURATED SOLUTIONS
Contains more dissolved solute than a saturated given the same temperature (ex. cloud seeding)
Becomes unstable, crystals formCan be created by heating the solution then cooling it down
CONCENTRATIONS OF SOLUTIONS
Concentrated – contains larger amount of solute than the solvent
Diluted – contains small amount of solute
CONCENTRATIONS OF SOLUTIONS
Concentrated is not the same with saturated neither diluted with unsaturated!
DISCUSSION: NOTEBOOK
1. Find the percent by mass of the following solutes:
a. 70 g of salt in 350 g solution
b. 1 kg of sugar in 2 kg solution
DISCUSSION: NOTEBOOK
2. Find the percent by volume of the following solutes:
a. 250 mL oil in 750 mL of water
b. 1 L of chlorine in 1,000 L pool solution
ANSWERS:
1. Find the percent by mass of the following solutes:
a. 70 g of salt in 350 g solution
70 g 350 g 100 = 20%
b. 1 kg of sugar in 2 kg solution
1 kg 2 g 100 = 50%
ANSWERS:
2. Find the percent by volume of the following solutes:
a. 250 mL oil in 750 mL of water
250 mL (750 mL + 250 mL) 100
250 mL 1,000 mL 100 = 25%
Based on the formula, we divide the volume of solvent by the volume of solution, not by the volume of solvent.
Volume of solution = vol. of solute + vol. of solvent
ANSWERS:
2. Find the percent by volume of the following solutes:
b. 1 L of chlorine in 1,000 L pool solution
1 L 1,000 L 100 = 0.1%
ASSIGNMENT: NOTEBOOK
1. Find the percent by mass of the following solutes:
a. 80 g of oil in 5600 g solution
b. 100 g of juice powder in 900 g water
ASSIGNMENT: NOTEBOOK
2. Find the percent by volume of the following solutes:
a. 25 mL ice cube in 875 mL of oil
b. 500 mL of chlorine in 1,000 L pool solution