Unit 10 Digestion & ExcretionUnit 10 Digestion & Excretion

Nutrition-Nutrition-

The study of how our The study of how our bodies obtain energy, bodies obtain energy, build tissue, and build tissue, and control body functions control body functions using materials from using materials from the food we eatthe food we eat

NutrientsNutrients Substance required by Substance required by

the body for energy, the body for energy, growth, repair & growth, repair & maintenance maintenance

Unit of MeasurementUnit of Measurement

Calorie (C)Calorie (C) Food calorie is equal Food calorie is equal

to 1000 calories (c)to 1000 calories (c)

Average daily Caloric Average daily Caloric needs-needs- Adult- 1500Adult- 1500 Male teen- 2800 Male teen- 2800 Female teen- 2100 Female teen- 2100

Types of NutrientsTypes of Nutrients

Carbohydrates Carbohydrates Provide energy Provide energy Sources- Sources-

• PotatoesPotatoes• PastaPasta• CerealCereal• BreadBread• SugarSugar

Types of NutrientsTypes of Nutrients Protein Protein

Needed for building Needed for building and repairand repair

Sources-Sources-• MeatMeat• EggsEggs• FishFish• NutsNuts• DairyDairy

Types of NutrientsTypes of Nutrients

Lipids (Fat)Lipids (Fat) Stored energy, Stored energy,

slower to break slower to break downdown

Sources-Sources-• ButterButter• OilsOils• CheeseCheese• MayonnaiseMayonnaise

Types of NutrientsTypes of Nutrients

Vitamins (p 982)Vitamins (p 982) Small organic Small organic

molecules that act as molecules that act as coenzymescoenzymes

Usually cannot be Usually cannot be made by the bodymade by the body

Lack of vitamins can Lack of vitamins can result in disordersresult in disorders

ex. A, Bex. A, B11, B, B22, B, B1212, C, K , C, K

Types of NutrientsTypes of Nutrients

Minerals (p 983)Minerals (p 983) Inorganic substance Inorganic substance

required by bodyrequired by body Some are found in Some are found in

important molecules in important molecules in bodybody

Others allow proper Others allow proper functioning of the bodyfunctioning of the body

Ex. calcium, iron, Ex. calcium, iron, iodine, phosphorous, iodine, phosphorous, potassium, potassium, sodiumsodium

Types of NutrientsTypes of Nutrients

Water Water One of simplest yet One of simplest yet

most important most important nutrientsnutrients

Most body weight is Most body weight is water (over 1/2)water (over 1/2)

Body loses 2.5 Body loses 2.5 liters/day (respiration, liters/day (respiration, perspiration, excretion)perspiration, excretion)

Types of NutrientsTypes of Nutrients

WaterWater FunctionsFunctions

• Solvent, dissolves food Solvent, dissolves food & enzymes& enzymes

• HydrolysisHydrolysis• Cools bodyCools body• Dilutes & dissolves Dilutes & dissolves

wasteswastes

MyPyramid Replaced by MyPyramid Replaced by MyPlateMyPlate

MyPyramid page 979MyPyramid page 979 MyPlateMyPlate

Calculation of Nutrients-Calculation of Nutrients-

Nutrients in fast foodNutrients in fast food HandoutHandout Follow instructionsFollow instructions