Unit 1 Test: Chapters 1-8

1. Which of the following best describes the impact European colonization had on the Western Hemisphere’s native population?

a. The native population was highly respected in terms of territorial possessions and religious beliefs

b. The Europeans for the most part did not interact with the native populationc. Spain was the only European country to successfully create an alliance with the native

populationd. Spain worked in conjunction with the Aztecs and Incas to harvest South America’s

resourcese. Native populations were often killed off or driven away by the Europeans

2. Which of the following imperial powers originally settled the Hudson River Valley?a. Hollandb. Englandc. Franced. Swedene. Portugal

3. The colony of Georgia was a. Comparatively the most democratic English colonyb. Established by Spain in order to protect its colony of Floridac. Established by England as a penal colonyd. Organized by English Catholics who had been persecuted by the Anglican churche. Eventually decided to Spain in return for Florida

4. Which English colony was established by proprietors that also had investments in the slave trade and therefore introduced slavery to their colony?

a. New Yorkb. Pennsylvaniac. Virginiad. The Carolinase. Maryland

5. The Duke of Baltimore established the colony of Marylanda. As an opportunity to invest in that colony’s maritime industryb. In order to prevent France from seizing that territoryc. As a haven for persecuted English Catholicsd. For Quakers who had been evicted from Pennsylvaniae. After failing to colonize the Carolinas

6. French immigrants to the New World tended to inhabita. Canadab. Floridac. Territory east of the Appalachian Mts.d. Southern coloniese. The Middle Atlantic colonies

7. As the founder of Rhode Island, Roger Williamsa. Established religious freedom for Jews and Catholicsb. Supported freedom of religion for Huguenotsc. Established complete religious freedom for all of the colony’s settlersd. Established mandatory church attendancee. Abolished religious practices throughout the colony

8. Which of the following sought to exploit the lucrative fur trade in North America?a. The Frenchb. The Britishc. The French and Dutchd. The Portuguesee. The Spanish

9. John Winthrop is associated with which colony?a. New Amsterdamb. Massachusetts Bay Colonyc. Jamestownd. Quebece. Pennsylvania

10. A major goal of the French in wanting to maintain control over the Ohio Valley was toa. Prevent attacks by Native Americans on their forts and outpostsb. Eventually expand into Canadac. Merge its landholdings from Canada to the Mississippi Valleyd. Exploit the lumber tradee. Prevent Spain from taking control of the Mississippi River

11. The most immediate objective of the Albany Congress was to a. Bring to an end the French and Indian Warb. Unite French and American settlers in order to defeat hostile Native American tribesc. Convince American colonists to boycott British-made goodsd. End hostilities between Native Americans and the French settlers in the Ohio Valleye. Improve relations with Iroquois tribes

12. As a result of the British victory in the French and Indian Wara. Relations between French and Americans colonists improved dramaticallyb. France was able to hold on to Canada but lost the rest of its North American empirec. The Americans and British developed a mutual respect for each other’s military abilitiesd. Britain returned the lower Mississippi Valley to Spaine. None of the above

13. Under Britain’s mercantilist policya. Britain and the other imperialist powers worked out a trade agreement that would

prevent conflictb. The colonies were expected to export more finished goods than they importedc. Trade restrictions on the colonies were forbiddend. The colonies were expected to supply Great Britain with raw materialse. The colonies enjoyed considerable political and economic growth

14. Prior to the 1760s, Britain’s Navigation Actsa. Were effective in raising enormous revenue for the Crownb. Prevented the American colonies from shipping raw materials to Great Britainc. Were only loosely enforced in the American coloniesd. None of the above

15. The Declaration of Rights (adapted from the Suffolk Resolves by the delegates to the First Continental Congress) declared the ____________ null and void.

a. Tea Taxb. Declaratory Actsc. Intolerable Actsd. Quartering Acte. Navigation Laws

16. All of the following are correct regarding the Quebec Act EXCEPTa. It was warmly accepted by American colonists as a way of building a closer relationship

with French colonistsb. Catholicism was accepted as the official religion of French Quebecc. Americans were suspicious that the non- representative assembly established in

Quebec would set a precedent for British rule in the American Coloniesd. Americans were angry that Quebec’s territory was extended to the Ohio Rivere. It was an attempt to incorporate the French Canadians into the British North American

Empire

17. Which one of the following was NOT an advantage the British had in their war effort to suppress the American rebellion?

a. A larger militaryb. Shorter supply linesc. Any colonists, either supporting the British or indifferentd. A larger and stronger navye. Greater financial resources

18. The Declaration of Rightsa. Was issued by Parliament to grant greater autonomy for colonial governmentsb. Was a formal declaration of war issued by the First Continental Congressc. Was written by George Washingtond. Was viewed by King George III a positive effort by the First Continental Congress to

prevent an outbreak of hostilitiese. Was rejected by the British Parliament

19. The opening shots of the American Revolution occurred at a. The Battles of Lexington and Concordb. The Battle of Bunker Hillc. The Boston Massacred. The Battle of Saratogae. Valley Forge

20. The Olive Branch Petitiona. Was an attempt by the British to reach a political settlement after their defeat at the

Battle of Saratogab. Was offered by radicals in the First Continental Congress to more moderate delegates in

an attempt to unify colonial opposition to British policiesc. Was issued by France in an attempt to bring hostilities between the British and

Americans to an endd. Was offered to Native American tribes by the First Continental Congress to gain their

support in the war against the Britishe. Was an attempt by the First Continental Congress to prevent further hostilities after the

Battler of Bunker Hill

21. Thomas Painea. Was Britain’s prime minster during the early stage of the American Revolutionb. Was president of the First Continental Congressc. Wrote Common Sense, an appeal to the colonists to resist the British and establish a

republican form of governmentd. Was the leader of the radicals in the Second Continental Congresse. Was the British general who surrendered his army at Yorktown

22. The Battle of Saratoga was the turning point of the American Revolution becausea. The French entered the war on the American sideb. The last major British army in North America surrendered to Washington’s army herec. Most Americans who had been Tories decided to switch sides and fight for

independenced. The British issued the Olive Branch Petition, in which they agreed to open peace

negotiations with the Americanse. American public opinion began to turn against the war

23. The argument that “abuses and usurpations” by King George and his government violated the social contest that had existed between Britain and its American colonies was articulated in

a. The Declaratory Actb. The Treaty of Parisc. The Declaration of Rightsd. The Declaration of the Causes and Necessities for Taking Up Armse. The Declaration of Independence

24. The Regulator Movement, Bacon’s Rebellion, and the Paxton Boysa. Were the names of Tory militia units who fought against the American revolutionaries in

the warb. Indicate to some historians the undemocratic nature of pre-Revolutionary American

societyc. Were Massachusetts radicals who participated in the Boston Tea Partyd. Were Black American military units who fought for American independencee. Organized committees of correspondence to unite American colonial opposition to the

tea tax

25. The Treaty of Paris (1783) included the following terms EXCEPTa. Britain formally recognized American independenceb. Britain was allowed to maintain several forts in the area west of the Appalachian

Mountains in order to protect its trading postsc. American fishing ships were given permission to fish off the coast of Newfoundlandd. The Americans promised to compensate loyalists whose property had been confiscated

during the ware. The American government promised not to legally interfere with British creditors who

were seeking payment on debts owed to them by Americans

26. The colonists who ultimately embraced the vision of America as an independent nation had in common all of the following characteristics EXCEPT

a. The desire to create an agricultural societyb. Learning to live lives unfettered by the tyrannies of royal authorityc. Learning to live lives unfettered the tyrannies of official religiond. An unwillingness to subjugate otherse. Learning to live lives unfettered by the tyrannies of social hierarchies

27. The settlement founded in the early 1600s that was the most important for the future of the United States was

a. Santa Feb. Quebecc. Jamestownd. Massachusetts Baye. Saint Augustine

28. The long-range purpose of the Albany Congress in 1754 was toa. Achieve colonial unity and common defense against French threatb. Propose independence of the colonies from Britainc. Declare war on the Iroquois tribed. Prohibit New England and New York from trading with the French West Indiese. Gain peace with France

29. The Proclamation of 1763 did which of the following?a. Introduced a tax on teab. Prohibited colonists from producing iron for the American marketc. Set a boundary along the crest of the Appalachians beyond which the English colonists

were forbidden to settled. Forbade all trade with the French West Indiese. Announced the reorganization of the colonial office under Parliament, rather than

directly under the King-in-Council

30. The Navigations Acts were part of the British policy known as a. Isolationismb. Capitalismc. Mercantilismd. Monopolisme. Imperialism

31. Which of the following contributed most to the American victory in the Revolution?a. French military and financial assistanceb. The failure of the loyalists to participate in military actionc. Support from the French Canadiansd. The British failure to capture Philadelphia

32. The 1649 Maryland Toleration Act did which of the following?a. Removed all restrictions on the practice of religionb. Provided for the separation of church and statec. Granted religious freedom to all Christians who accepted the Trinityd. Led immediately to the persecution of Protestant colonistse. Led immediately to the persecution of Catholic colonists

33. Which of the following was true of the first Great Awakening?a. It primarily affected church organizations in towns and citiesb. Cotton Mather was one of its most famous preachersc. It was primarily a southern phenomenond. It resulted in divisions within both the Congregationalist and Presbyterian Churchese. It was denounced by Jonathon Edwards

34. The system of indentured labor used during the Colonial period had which of the following effects?

a. It enabled England to deport most criminalsb. It enabled poor people to seek opportunity in Americac. It delayed the establishment of slavery on the south until about 1750d. It instituted social equalitye. It facilitated the cultivation of cotton in the south

35. The Dutch settled New Netherlands primarily toa. Secure a refuge for the persecutedb. Check the growth of English coloniesc. Expand their commercial and mercantile networkd. Gain colonies to produce agricultural surplusese. Secure naval supplies

36. France negotiated a treaty of alliance with the new American nation in 1778 followinga. The defeat of the British General Burgoyne at Saratogab. American Naval victories on the Great Lakesc. The dispatch of an American peace mission to Britaind. An ultimatum by American diplomatse. A personal plea by George Washington

37. Which of the following colonies required each community of 50 or more families to provide a teacher of reading and writing?

a. PAb. Massc. VAd. MDe. RI

38. The “Great Awakening” refers toa. A growth of European awareness of the New World in the 1500’sb. The impact of the Enlightenment on colonial thought in the early 1700’sc. A wave of religious revivals that swept the colonies in the 1740’sd. The beginning of the colonial movement toward independence from Great Britaine. Growth of technology that contributed to increase industrialization in the early 1800’s

39. The first Great Awakening led to all of the following EXCEPTa. Separatism and secession from established churchesb. The renewed persecution of witchesc. The growth of institutions of higher learningd. A flourishing of the missionary spirite. A greater appreciation for the emotional experiences of faith

40. In which of the following North American colonies was slavery legally established by the early 1700’s

a. The southern colonies onlyb. The middle and southern colonies onlyc. The tobacco and rice growing colonies onlyd. All the colonies except PA and the New England coloniese. All the colonies

41. All of the following contributed to discontent among soldiers in the Continental Army EXCEPT:a. Most soldiers were drafteesb. The soldiers feared for the welfare of families back homec. The army had inadequate arms and ammunitiond. The army paid soldiers in depreciated paper moneye. The army was inadequately fed and clothed

42. Which of the following was true of most Puritans who emigrated to seventeenth century New England

a. They had renounced the Church of Englandb. They rejected the authority of the English kingc. They considered themselves non-separatistsd. The approved of the crown’s religious policye. They intended to return eventually to England

43. The primary purpose of the Proclamation of 1763 was toa. Encourage western migrationb. Avoid conflict with the trans-Appalachian Indiansc. Gain much-needed revenued. Drive out French colonistse. Provide a haven for Catholics

44. By the 1750’s the British Colonies on the North American mainland were characterized by all of the following EXCEPT:

a. Disdain for British constitutional monarchyb. Many religious denominationsc. A society without hereditary aristocracyd. A growing number of non-British settlerse. Acceptance of slavery as a labor system

45. In the seventeenth century, which of the following was true of slavery in British North Americaa. It was prohibited only in Massachusetts and Connecticutb. It was opposed by the Anglican Churchc. Slaves officially accounted for more than 30% of the colonial populationd. The number of slaves increased rapidly in the last quarter of the centurye. Most slaves lived on plantations with 50 or more slaves

46. By the time of the American Revolution, most patriots had come to believe that, in Republican government, sovereignty was located in

a. The peopleb. Parliamentc. State governmentd. Factionse. A centralized government

47. Which of the following was true of the northeast American Indian tribes at the time Europeans first began to colonization?

a. Their economies depended entirely on hunting and gatheringb. Their political and linguistic differences hindered their united opposition to the

Europeansc. Their populations were immune to European diseasesd. Their warriors rarely engaged in intertribal warfaree. The cultures made no distinction between men’s’ work and women’s work

48. The Stamp Act crisis was important in the coming of the American Revolution for all of the following reasons EXCEPT:

a. The colonists demonstrated their willingness to use violence rather than legal means to frustrate the British

b. The crisis coincided with a British decision to garrison regular troops in American citiesc. American patriots realized that British inflexibility made revolution virtually inevitabled. The British maintained that the colonies had no right to independence from

parliamentary authoritye. Patriot leaders claimed that the act denied them their British birthrights

49. The Halfway Covenant provided for which of the followinga. The baptism of children of baptized but unconverted Puritansb. The granting of suffrage to non-church membersc. The expansion of women’s power within the Congregational churchd. The granting of full membership in the Congregational churche. The posting of banns by engaged couples

50. The primary purpose of the Stamp Act was toa. Raise revenue to support British troops stationed in Americab. Reduce colonial consumption of foreign goodsc. Fund the colonial postal systemd. Impose a mercantilist system on the coloniese. Reduce the authority of the colonial legislature

51. The Declaration of Independence did all of the following EXCEPTa. Appeal to the philosophy of natural rightsb. Call for the abolition of the slave tradec. Appeal to the sympathies of the English peopled. Criticize the provisions of the Quebec Act of 1774e. Accuse George III of tyranny