Unit 1 Section 3 Types of Crime
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Transcript of Unit 1 Section 3 Types of Crime
UNIT 1SECTION 3TYPES OF
CRIME- Crimes Against People and
Property -
LAWYERS – THINGS TO ASK What is the lawyer’s fee?
Retainer - down payment on the total fee. Contingency fee – percentage of whatever
amount the client wins/settles for. Will there be a written fee agreement? Has the lawyer ever handled cases like
yours before? Will the lawyer provide you with copies of
all correspondence and documents prepared on your behalf?
Will the lawyer keep you informed of any new developments in your case and talk to you in “plain English”?
WORKING WITH A LAWYER Attorney-client privilege
Granted by the law Whatever you tell your attorney about your case is private and
confidential. Information can not be disclosed to anyone without your permission.
A good attorney will give you advice You must make the final decision
An attorney’s job is to help you understand what is going on So that you can make an informed decision You should ask questions to clarify
You may discharge your lawyer if you are not satisfied Once in court, a judge will permit this change only for a
very good reason.
CODE OF PROFESSIONAL RESPONSIBILITY1. A lawyer should assist in maintaining the integrity and
competence of the legal profession2. A lawyer should assist the legal profession in fulfilling its
duty to make legal counsel available.3. A lawyer should assist in preventing the unauthorized
practice of law.4. A lawyer should preserve the confidences and secrets of a
client.5. A lawyer should exercise independent professional
judgment on behalf of a client.6. A lawyer should represent a client completely.7. A lawyer should represent a client zealously within the
bounds of the law.8. A lawyer should assist in improving the legal system.9. A lawyer should avoid the appearance of professional
impropriety.
LAWYER VOCAB. Disbarred – license to practice law is
revokedViolation of standards of conductMay be reprimanded, suspended, or
disbarredOnce disbarred, a lawyer no longer has a
license to practice law Legal malpractice – attorney lawsuit for
serious errors that result in injury or loss to a client.Filed by the client against their lawyer.
CRIME IN AMERICA Crime – something that one does or fails to
do that is in violation of a law.
In 2001 24.2 million crimes were committed24% violent in nature
According to surveys of victims50% reported crimes against themselvesLess than 40% reported property crimes
Law enforcement recordsOf cases reported, about 20% led to an arrestArrest rate is considerably higher for violent
crimes
CRIME RATES Higher in urban than suburban communities Higher in suburban than rural communities
Crime is not confined to any particular group 15-24 year-olds commit more violent crimes than any other
group Males commit almost 4x as many crimes as females
Female offenses has increased in recent years
68% of female victims knew their offenders 45% of male victims knew their offenders About 35% of victims report that the offender had been using
alcohol
Violent crimes are more likely to occur during the day 2/3 of rapes occur at night
U.S. CRIME RATES http://www.fbi.gov/about-us/cjis/ucr/crim
e-in-the-u.s/2010/crime-in-the-u.s.-2010/offenses-known-to-law-enforcement/crime-clock
http://www.nationmaster.com/graph/cri_tot_cri-crime-total-crimes
http://www.disastercenter.com/crime/uscrime.htm
http://www.disastercenter.com/crime/necrimn.htm
http://www.dailyfinance.com/2010/04/05/most-dangerous-states-crime-rankings-for-2010/
NEBRASKA CRIME STATISTICS AND RATES REPORT
2009 Crime (Actual Data) Incidents
Aggravated Assault 3,205Arson N/ABurglary 8,701Forcible Rape 595Larceny and Theft 37,432Motor Vehicle Theft 3,481Murder and Manslaughter 40
Robbery 1,219Crime Rate (Total Incidents) 54,673
Property Crime 49,614Violent Crime 5,059
10 most peaceful states: Maine Vermont New Hampshire Minnesota Utah North Dakota Washington Hawaii Rhode Island Iowa
Five most peaceful U.S. metro areas/cities:
Cambridge-Newton-Framingham, Mass.
Edison-New Brunswick, N.J. Seattle-Bellevue-Everett,
Wash. Minneapolis-St. Paul-
Bloomington, Minn.-Wis. Peabody, Mass.
10 least peaceful states: Louisiana Tennessee Nevada Florida Arizona Missouri Texas Arkansas South Carolina Mississippi
Five least peaceful U.S. metro areas/cities:
Detroit-Livonia-Dearborn, Mich. New Orleans-Metairie-Kenner,
La. Miami-Miami Beach-Kendall,
Fla. Baltimore-Towson, Md. Houston-Sugar Land-Baytown,
Texas
1. St. Louis 5302. Atlanta 4843. Birmingham Alabama (tie) 380
3. Orlando (tie) 3805. Detroit 3696. Memphis 3617. Miami 3468. Baltimore 3399. Kansas City, Missouri 33710. Minneapolis (tie) 33110. Cleveland (tie) 331
11 MOST DANGEROUS CITIES IN THE U.S.
HOW DOES CRIME AFFECT EVERYONE? Lost or damaged lives Fear and suffering MONEY
Government expenditures on crime = $150+ billion per year
A family of 4 pays on average $1,500+ per year in taxes relating to crime even if they are not victims of crime.
What causes crime, and what can be done about it?
PARTIES TO CRIME Principal
Person who commits a crime Accomplice
Someone who helps the principal commit a crime
Accessory before the fact Person who orders or helps the principal
commit a crime, but is not present Accessory after the fact
A person who, knowing a crime has been committed, helps the principal or accomplice avoid capture or helps them escape
TYPES OF CRIME Crime of Omission
If a person fails to act on what is a legal duty
Preliminary CrimesSolicitation
Ask, command, urge, or advice another person to commit a crime
Attempt Performs all of the elements of a crime but fails
to achieve the criminal resultConspiracy
An agreement between two or more persons to commit a crime
CRIMES AGAINST PEOPLE Homicide
Killing of one human being by another Attempted Suicide
Deliberate taking of one’s one life Assault and Battery
Attempt or threat to carry out a physical attack on another person
Any unlawful physical contact inflicted by one person on another person without consent Stalking Sexual assault
Rape Sexual intercourse without consent
Acquaintance (date) rape
CRIMINAL HOMICIDE Malice
Having the intent to kill or seriously harm another, showing lack of regard for human life
First-degree murder Premeditated and deliberate killing or attempt
Felony murder Killing that takes place during arson, rape, robbery, or burglary
Second-degree murder With malice but not premeditated or deliberation Intent to kill did not exist until the moment of the murder
Voluntary manslaughter Killing that occurs after the victim has done something to the killer that
would cause a reasonable person to lose self-control Involuntary manslaughter
Unintentional killing resulting in reckless conduct Negligent homicide
Failure to exercise a reasonable or ordinary amount of care in a situation, thereby causing harm to someone.
NONCRIMINAL HOMICIDE Killing that is justifiable or excusable
and for which the killer is deemed faultless.
CRIMES AGAINST PROPERTY
Arson – burning of a person’s property Vandalism –destruction of/damage to property
a.k.a. malicious mischief Larceny – theft of property
Shoplifting and concealment Embezzlement – taking of property by a person that it has been
entrusted to Robbery – taking of property through force/intimidation Extortion – use of threats to obtain property of another
blackmail Burglary – unauthorized entry with the intent to commit a crime
a.k.a. breaking and entering Forgery – making of false documents/falsely signing documents Receiving Stolen Property – buy/receive stolen property Unauthorized Use of a Vehicle – taking a vehicle without owner’s
consent Carjacking
Computer Crime – any violation of criminal law that involves the use of computer technology