UNIT 0 Building Planning 27.08

7/29/2019 UNIT 0 Building Planning 27.08

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BUILDING PLANNING

UNIT 0Room Planning (Residential Building)


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Overview

Areas of a Residence

Accessibility Considerations

Sleeping Area

Bath Facilities

Living Rooms Dining Rooms

Entryway and Foyer

Family Recreation Room

Special-Purpose Rooms

Patios, Porches, Courts, and Gazebos

Kitchen

Clothes Care Center

Garage or Carport


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Learning Objectives

Discuss factors that are important in the design ofbedrooms.

Plan the size and location of closets for a typical

residence. Plan a furniture arrangement for a room.

Implement important design considerations forbathrooms.

Plan a bathroom that follows solid designprinciples.


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Learning Objectives

Identify the rooms and areas that comprise the livingarea.

Apply design principles to planning a living room.

Integrate the furniture in a living room plan. Analyze a dining room using good design principles.

Design a functional entry and foyer.

Communicate the primary design considerations for a

recreation room. Integrate patios, porches, and courts into the total

floor plan of a dwelling


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Learning Objectives

Plan the service area of a home by applyinggood design principles.

Design a functional kitchen to meet a familys

needs. Select kitchen appliances that are appropriate

for a design.

Plan an efficient clothes care center.

Describe appropriate dimensions for garagespace.


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Three Basic Areas of a Residence

Sleeping Area Where the family sleeps and rests.

Includes bedrooms, bath, dressing rooms, andnurseries.

Living Area Where the family relaxes, dines, entertains guests,

and gathers.

Service Area Where food is prepared, clothes are laundered, goods

are stored, the car is parked, and house equipment isstored.


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Three Basic Areas of a Residence


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Sleeping Area

The sleeping area comprises about one-third

of the home.

It includes bedrooms, bathrooms, dressing rooms,

and nurseries.

Is normally located in a quiet area of the home.

It should have a south or southwest orientation.


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Sleeping Area

Houses are frequently categorized by the

number of bedrooms.

The family size usually determines the number

of bedrooms.

Each person should have their own bedroom.

One-bedroom homes are difficult to sell. Three-bedroom homes are most popular.


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Sleeping Area

Bedrooms should be grouped in a separate

wing or level of the home.

Split Bedroom Plan

Separates the master bedroom from the other

bedrooms.

Provides greater privacy.

A bedroom should have access to the hall.

Place bedrooms close to a bathroom.


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Sleeping Area

Bedroom locations


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Small Bedroom

Minimum size of 100 square feet is recommended forsmall bedroom


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Average Size Bedroom

An average size bedroom contains between125 and 175 square feet.

Provides ample space for a double bed, chest

of drawers, dresser, tables, etc.


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Large Bedroom

Has over 175 square feet of floor space.

Provides space for additional furniture.

May have its own private bath.


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Bedroom Furniture

Bedroom design is directly related to furniture

size and arrangement.

Determine common furniture sizes.

Design the bedroom with a specific arrangement

in mind.


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BedroomF

urnitureS

izes


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Using Auto CAD to Design a Bedroom

Call up furniture symbols from the blocks

library.

Command in Auto Cad : adcenteror Ctrl+2

(try Ctrl+3)

Orient the furniture symbols to perfect the

layout.

Save the plan.


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Bedroom Furniture Clearance

Dimensions are in feet


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Bedroom Furniture Clearance

Dimensions are in feet


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Bedroom Closets

Minimum depth is 24".

Locate on interior wall.

Locate near bedroom door.

There are a variety of bedroom closet doors fromwhich to choose:

Sliding, bi-fold, accordion, flush

Full openings are more accessible. Consider the needs of wheelchair users.

Usual door height is 6'-8" or 8'-0".


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Bedroom Windows and Doors

Placing windows on two walls is best.

Draft should not blow across the bed.

Ribbon windows provide privacy for first

floor bedrooms. Provide at least one entry door.

Door size: 6'-8" high, 2'-6" to 3'-0" wide; 3'-

0" wide for wheelchairs.

Door width should be 2'-6" to 2'-10".

Door should swing into the bedroom.


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Functional Bedroom Layout


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Bathrooms

Bathrooms in today's homes are more

attractive than traditional bathrooms.

Modern bathrooms are larger.

Todays homes have more bathrooms.

All homes require at least one bathroom.

Most homes have two or more baths.

Bidets are common in modern baths.


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Bathrooms

A small, traditional bath.

A large, modern bath.


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Bathrooms

A small bath with a shower.


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Bathrooms

A minimal bath.


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Bathrooms

An elaborate bath.


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Locations of Bathrooms

One or more bathrooms should be near the

bedrooms and living areas of the home.


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Baths Per House Design Two-Story House

Requires at least 1-1/2 baths.

Full bath on second floor near bedrooms.

1/2 bath has a water closet and lavatory.

Split-Level House Requires at least 1-1/2 baths.

Full bath on sleeping level.

Ranch Style House Small: 1-1/2 baths. Large: 2 baths.

Finished basement or attic: 3/4 bath.


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Bath Size

A minimum size bath is 5' x 8'.


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Double-Entry Bath


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Two-Compartment Bath


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Bathroom Fixture

Sizes


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Sink Cabinets or Vanities

Sink cabinets or vanities provide much-needed countertop and storage space.

Twin lavatories are desirable when morethan one person is using the bath.

Lavatory Types

Countertop mounted.

Wall mounted.

Pedestal models.


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Lavatory and Vanity


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Pedestal

Lavatory


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Minimum Water Closet Clearances


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Beds


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Living Areas

The living area is the most visible part of

the house.

Comprises about 1/3 of the house.

The location of family gatherings.

For recreation, entertaining, and relaxing.

Not restricted to interior space.

Includes: Living, dining, special-purpose, family

recreation, and foyer.


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Living Rooms

Often the center of

activity.

Lifestyle willdetermine the size

and arrangement.

Illustration shows aconversation area.


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Formal Living Room


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Living Room Size

Small Living Room

150 square feet or less.

Average Size Living Room Around 250 square feet.

Large Living Room

About 400 square feet.


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Average Size Living Room


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Large Living Room


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Size and Design Questions

What furniture is planned?

How often will the room be used?

How many people are expected?

Is it a multipurpose room?

Is the size in proportion to the rest of the

house?


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Furniture Sizes

S l i F i


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Selecting Furniture

Specific furniture should reflect room use.


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Location of the Living Room

Do not use as a traffic corridor. Raising or lowering the floor level

discourages through traffic.

Set the living room off to the side. Position room at grade level to connect

with outside.

Take advantage of outside views. Entrance should not be into the living

room.

P l L t d Li i R


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Poorly Located Living Room


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Minimized Through Traffic


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Living/Dining Relationship

Dining and entertaining are closely related.

Locate living room and dining room close

together.

May be combined.

Use an informal divider in place of a wall.

An open plan appears larger than a closed

plan.


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Living Room Orientation

Consider maximum comfort and energy

conservation.

In warm climates, use northern orientation.

Large windows and glass sliding door add

spaciousness.

Walls should not be broken with too many

small windows or doors.

The living room should be used.


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Living and Dining Combination


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Spaciousness Through Glass


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Living Room Decor

Should be exciting.

Use color.

Use texture.

Hide weak points.

Coordinate the

interior and exterior

decor.

Living Room Decor


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Living Room Decor

Warm and Cool Colors


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Warm and Cool Colors



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Designed for conversation.


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Dining Rooms

Popularity of dining rooms changes from

time to time.

Lifestyle determines the need for a diningroom.

May be formal or informal.

Special place for eating and familygatherings.


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Open Versus Closed Plan

Decide early whether the dining room willbe open or closed.

A closed plan places the dining room in acubicle.

Reduces overflow to other rooms.

House appears smaller and less dramatic.

An open plan enhances function andefficiency of the dining room.

Should be separated from the kitchen.


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Closed Dining

Room Plan


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Open Dining

Room Plan


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Open Dining

Room Plan


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Dining Room Size

Small-Size Room

About 120 square feet.

Seating for 4 to 6 people.


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Dining Room Size

Medium-Size Room

About 12' x 15'.

180 square feet. Seating for 6 to 8

people.


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Dining Room Size

Large-Size Room

14' x 18' and larger.

252 square feet. Seating for 8 or more

people.


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Typical Dining Room Furniture

Table

Chairs

Buffet

China Cabinet

Server or Cart

Typical Dining Room Furniture


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Dining Room Arrangement

The dining room furniture arrangement

depends on the room layout.

An outdoor vantage point should be

considered when arranging furniture.

Orientation to other rooms should be

considered.

Sufficient space should be provided

between furniture.


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Furniture Spacing

The centerline of chairs around a table

should be at least 2'-3" apart.

Provide ample space for serving.

Usually 2'-0" is sufficient space behind

chairs.

A minimum of 32" is needed to pass

between obstacles.


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Location of Dining Room

The dining room should be adjacent to the

kitchen.

It should also be adjacent to the livingroom.

Might be near the family room.

It should provide for the natural movementof guests.



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Dining Room Decor

The dining room decor should encourage a

happy conversation time.

Controlled lighting is desirable. The color scheme is usually the same as the

living room.

Flooring should be durable.

Good Traffic Circulation


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Good Traffic Circulation

Ideal Location


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Ideal Location


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Variety of Entryways


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Main Entry

The main entry should be centrally located.

It should open into a foyer.

You should be able to view callers withoutopening the door.

Glass side panels provide visibility, natural

light, and design feature.

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Entryway Design Features

The entryway should provide protectionfrom the weather using:

Wide overhangs.

Recessed entry. It should be compatible with the overall

house design.

It should provide enough space for severalpeople.

Entry Protection


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Entry Protection


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Entry Doors

Good styling is important for main entry

doors.

Should conform to the overall design. Normally 3'-0" wide and 1-3/4" thick.

34" minimum for a wheelchair.

Standard heights are 6'-8" and 8'-0".

Two doors add emphasis and function.

Entry Doors


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Entry Doors

Service


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Service

Entrance

The service entrance is

usually connected to

the kitchen or utility

room.


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Foyer

A foyer functions as a place to greet guests

and remove coats and overshoes.

Needs soil-resistant flooring materials. Slate, terrazzo, ceramic or asphalt tile, or

linoleum.

Needs a closet at least 2' x 3' insidedimensions.

Foyer Design


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Foyer Design

Should capitalize on the design aspects ofthe entryway.

Consider unity between the inside and

outside.

Use planters or potted plants as informal

dividers.

An open plan is more desirable. Use mirrors to create an open feeling.

Consider lighting for effect and safety.

Foyer Design


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Foyer Design

Size of Foyer


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Size of Foyer

The size of the foyer will depend on severalfactors:

Size of the house.

Cost of the house. Location of the foyer.

Personal preference.

Minimum size is 6' x 6'.

Average size is 8' x 10'.

Large size is larger than 8' x 10'.


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Small Foyer Design

Entry and Foyer Design


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Entry and Foyer Design

Split-Entry Design


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Split Entry Design


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A recreation room such as this appears warm and

inviting for relaxing family activities.



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y

The activities in this simple recreation room

are focused around the entertainment

center.

Recreation Room Design


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Consider the number of people to use theroom.

Consider the type of activity.

Size is related to furniture selection.

Common size is 12' x 20'.

Choose functional materials that are easy

to maintain.

Choose bright colors.

Basement Recreation Room


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Basement Recreation Room



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For relaxing, reading, and writing.



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g

For hobbies, work, and music.



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For board games, singing, or conversation.



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Functional furniture emphasizes the theme.



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g



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Creative decorating gives the recreation

room life and excitement.



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Designed for conversation and reading.



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Action room for young people.



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Special Purpose Rooms

Home office, sunroom, music room,sunroom, computer room, etc.

May be part of another room.

May be located to the side or rear of thehouse.

Special-purpose rooms frequently have

unique requirements: Storage, lighting, ventilation, plumbing, and

electrical.



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Home office space.



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Sunroom.



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Special Purpose Rooms

Storage space is a

primary consideration.


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Patios, Porches, and Courts

Patios, porches, and courts enlarge the area

and function of a home.

For maximum effectiveness, they should beplanned in the overall design.

Many people enjoy outdoor living.

Outdoor Living Space


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Deck.

Outdoor Living Space


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Patio.

Patios


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Patios

Patios are near the house, but notstructurally connected to it.

They are located at grade level.

Commonly used materials:

Concrete, brick, stone, rot-resistant wood.

Patios are used for relaxing, playing,entertaining, and living.

Give consideration to the patio location. Privacy: Screens, walls, and plants.

Types of Patios


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This patio is an extension of the living space.

Types of Patios


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Types of Patios


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Quiet, secluded patio.

Types of Patios


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Patio with a swimming pool.

Porches and Decks


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Porches and decks are different from patiosin two ways:

Generally structurally connected.

Raised above the grade.

Porches are covered .

Decksare not covered.

May function as outdoor eating areas. Balconies and verandas are types of

porches that are higher.

Porches and Decks


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This enclosed porch is

an excellent place to

relax and enjoy a

beautiful view.

Porches and Decks


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This multilevel deck

enhances the

architectural design

of the home.

Porches and Patios


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Covered dining patio-porch.

Courts


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Courts

Courts are similar to porches and patios. Totally or partially enclosed by walls or roof.

May be used for dining, relaxing, talking, or

entertaining. May serve as interior gardens.

May be used to break up the floor plan or

provide interior light.

Courts


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Gazebos


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A gazebo is similar to a porch, but it is not

attached to the house. It typically has open

sides.


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UNIT 0 Building Planning 27.08

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Transcript of UNIT 0 Building Planning 27.08