Unified Middleware for Internet of Things
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Unified Middleware for IoT Applications
Honbo Zhou
GM of Foton Telematics
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Abstract Internet of Things applications are not new and can be
found in all industrial sectors. A four-pillar categorization is introduced for IoT applications based on their common characteristics such as technological origin, business background, and market value chain. IoT is about connectivity and integration, Middleware plays a crucial role for IoT applications, Middleware for all 4 pillar IoT categories are summarized in this presentation. A common IoT middleware architecture is proposed based on the speaker’s many years of industrial practices on building middleware products (the ezM2M IoT platform) for a variety of IoT applications as well as new developments in IoT standardization and cloud computing paradigms. Most of the contents of this presentation are from the speaker’s new IoT book to be published by Taylor & Francis group soon.
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Outline
IoT: A Web 3.0 View
Ubiquitous IoT Applications
Four Pillars of IoT
DNA of The Internet of Things
Middleware and IoT
Data Standards for WoT
Unified WoT Frameworks
Cloud Computing
The Cloud of Things
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Rise of the Machines
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The Third Wave of ICT
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Sensing China, M2M, WSAN, Smarter Planet,Digital Convergence, Pervasive Computing, Ambient Intelligence, Haptic and Ubiquitous Computing、X-internet, Building2.0,Smart Grid,…
Internet of Things is not (yet) a buzzword/cathphrease as in China and Europe, terms such as M2M, WSN, Smart Grid, Telematics, Telehealth, CPS, etc. are used instead.
IoT Related Terminologies
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The Internet of Things provide means to access
and control two categories of ubiquitous and
uniquely identifiable devices: those that have
inherent intelligence and those that are externally
enabled, via all sorts of wired and/or wireless
communications in all kinds of networking
environments, supported by cloud computing
technologies with adequate security measures, to
achieve pervasive connectivity and grand integration
and to provide services such as monitoring,
locating, controlling, reporting, decision support,
and so on.
Defining IoT
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Triple Nets/Webs for IoT
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Web 3.0 and IoT
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The Expansion of Software (Middleware)
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Outline
IoT: A Web 3.0 View
Ubiquitous IoT Applications
Four Pillars of IoT
DNA of The Internet of Things
Middleware and IoT
Data Standards for WoT
Unified WoT Frameworks
Cloud Computing
The Cloud of Things
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IoT Applies to All Industry Sectors
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Vertical Applications
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Example 1 of Vertical Applications
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Example 2 of Vertical Applications
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Vendors and Positions
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Outline
IoT: A Web 3.0 View
Ubiquitous IoT Applications
Four Pillars of IoT
DNA of The Internet of Things
Middleware and IoT
Data Standards for WoT
Unified WoT Frameworks
Cloud Computing
The Cloud of Things
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Four Pillars of IoT
Four Pillars and Networks Short-Range Wireless
Long-Range Wireless
Short-Range Wired
Long-Range Wired
RFID Yes Some No Some
WSN Yes Some No Some
M2M Some Yes No Some
SCADA Some Some Yes Yes
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M2M
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RFID
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WSAN
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SCADA(CPS)
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Outline
IoT: A Web 3.0 View
Ubiquitous IoT Applications
Four Pillars of IoT
DNA of The Internet of Things
Middleware and IoT
Data Standards for WoT
Unified WoT Frameworks
Cloud Computing
The Cloud of Things
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Horizontals vs. Verticals
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Three Horizontal Layers
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“Devices”And“Connect”
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“Manage”Or “Applications”
Software, especially middleware, plays a very important role
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Outline
IoT: A Web 3.0 View
Ubiquitous IoT Applications
Four Pillars of IoT
DNA of The Internet of Things
Middleware and IoT
Data Standards for WoT
Unified WoT Frameworks
Cloud Computing
The Cloud of Things
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Middleware
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M2M-Machine Type Communication
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Middleware for SCADA
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WSN Middleware
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RFID Middleware/Edgeware
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Outline
IoT: A Web 3.0 View
Ubiquitous IoT Applications
Four Pillars of IoT
DNA of The Internet of Things
Middleware and IoT
Data Standards for WoT
Unified WoT Frameworks
Cloud Computing
The Cloud of Things
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Web of Things vs. Internet of Things
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Protocols and Standards
Issues: Too many standards
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Unified Standard?
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Pipe Agnostic? IoT Standards
Matrix © Zhou
Existing Data formats and Protocols Unified New IoT Standards
Goals Necessity Feasibility
Ap
plicatio
n L
ayer (M
)
Data Formats BITXML, EXDL, MDMP, M2MXML, NGTP, oBIX, oMIX, ONS/PML, OPC, SyncML, WMMP, etc.
Create a new, unified, open, cross-sector, usable data standards including formats, exchange protocols, processing and modeling frameworks.
High Enable easier integration and interoperability.
Medium Enhanced HTML and ebXML-like standards, hard to create a unified data format due to domain differences.
Software Framework ArchestrA, CoAP, DRM, ECF, ezM2M,
HYDRA, IDM, MDM, OSGi, PaaS, RESTful,
SaaS, Sedona, SOA, SODA, SOAP, etc.
Data standards compliant SaaS/PaaS 3-
tiered platform middleware, support new
paradigms such as DRM.
High
Enable easier
integration, new
MAI paradigm, etc.
High
Enhanced 3-tiered
Application Servers, OSGi
middleware for server-side
Tran
smissio
n L
ayer P
roto
cols (C
)
Wired
Lo
ng
Distan
ce
IP(TCP/UDP/HIP), IP over Everything/Everything over IP, Ethernet,
IPv6, ATM, Frame Relay, SDH, FDDI, Fiber Channel, ISDN, SS7,
PSTN, VPN, VoIP, Cable/xDSL, etc.
“3-network” convergence, all-IP
networks, IPv6 should be the leveraged
for IoT applications, existing networks
ok for most IoT applications.
Medium
MTC support
enhancements and
optimizations
Medium
It takes time for all-IP, IPv6
to prevail.
Wired
Sho
r
t Ran
ge
ANSI C12.18, AS-i, BACNet, CanBus, CC-Link, ControlNet, Dali,
DeviceNet, DF-1, DLMS/IEC 62056, Dupline, FF, FlexRay, HART,
HomePNA, IEC 61107, InterBus, LIN, LonWorks, KNX, ModBus,
MOST, MTConnect, P-Net, ProfiBus, SwiftNet, Vnet/IP, WorldFIP,
CC-Link, PLC, Industrial Ethernet, RS232, RS485, VAN, etc.
Ruggedness enhancements, few new
protocols are required, no need to re-
invent the wheel.
Low
Few or no new
protocols required.
Low
Few or no new protocols
required.
Wireless
Lo
ng
Distan
ce
2G: GSM, CDMA, etc.; 3G:WCDMA,EV-DO,HSUPA, EV-DOrA,
UMTS, etc.;
2.5G: GPRS, EDGE,HSCSD, etc.;
4G:EV-DOrB, LTE, WiMAX, UMB/UWB, TD-SCDMA, etc.
Satellite M2M, GPS, etc.
All-IP, Mobile IP, etc. helpful but not
required, MTC enhancements for low
bandwidth, low latency IoT applications,
backend BOSS system enhancements.
Medium
Dedicated packet
switch MTC
network helpful but
not required.
Medium
Few or no new protocols
required, optimization focus.
Wireless S
ho
rt
Ran
ge
Bluetooth, BSN, DECT, DSAH 7, EDACS, EnOcean, HyperLan,
HyperMAN, 6LoWPAN, HomeRF, HomeIR, InfiNET, Insteon, IrDA,
IRIG, ISA 100.11a, LMDS, NFC, OpenSky, OSIAN, RFID, TETRA,
TransferJet, WAVE, Wavenis, WiFi/WAPI, WirelessHART, Zigbee,
Z-Wave, etc.
Few new protocols required, focus
should be on embedded OS or
middleware, TinyOS, MagnetOS,
Contiki, Mantis, SINA, SensorWare, etc.
Medium
Enhancements on
embedded OS and
middleware.
Low
Few or no new protocols
needed, leverage existing
protocols.
Sen
sor L
ayer
(D)
TEDS/IEEE 1451, CBRN, TransducerML, SensorML, IRIG,
EXDL/CAP, AutomationML, OpenPLC XML, EDDL, FDT,
CANOpen, etc.
Optimized and minimized version of
application layer XML data standards,
supported by embedded OS and
middleware. Universal OSGi
middleware for device-side hardware.
High
Enable easier
integration and
interoperability
Medium
Minimized ebXML-like
standards, it’s hard to create a
unified standard due to small
footprint.
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Outline
IoT: A Web 3.0 View
Ubiquitous IoT Applications
Four Pillars of IoT
DNA of The Internet of Things
Middleware and IoT
Data Standards for WoT
Unified WoT Frameworks
Cloud Computing
The Cloud of Things
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OO and RO Programming
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Sensor Web Framework
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Unified Architecture for SCADA
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FI-Ware and SODA
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Multi-tiered IoT Middleware
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ezM2M Middleware Framework
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Towards a Unified WoT Framework?
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Outline
IoT: A Web 3.0 View
Ubiquitous IoT Applications
Four Pillars of IoT
DNA of The Internet of Things
Middleware and IoT
Data Standards for WoT
Unified WoT Frameworks
Cloud Computing
The Cloud of Things
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The Fusion of Grid and SOA
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Cloud Middleware
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NIST Cloud Definition
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Panoramic View of Cloud&Players
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Outline
IoT: A Web 3.0 View
Ubiquitous IoT Applications
Four Pillars of IoT
DNA of The Internet of Things
Middleware and IoT
Data Standards for WoT
Unified WoT Frameworks
Cloud Computing
The Cloud of Things
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IoT and Cloud Computing
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IoT + Cloud
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XaaS (everyThing as a Service)
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The Cloud of Things
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Thanks! 谢谢!