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Unification of China. Zhou Feudalism Nobles, lords, allowed to use land that belonged to king Owe...
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Transcript of Unification of China. Zhou Feudalism Nobles, lords, allowed to use land that belonged to king Owe...
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Unification of China
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Zhou • Feudalism
• Nobles, lords, allowed to use land that belonged to king
• Owe loyalty and military to king
• Lords began to think of themselves as independent kings
• “Warring States Period”
“Warring States Period”
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Qin Dynasty
• Legalist
• Shi Huangdi – “First Emperor”
• Stopped Battles
• Defeated Invaders
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Shi Huangdi
• “Strengthened trunk, weakening branches”
• All nobles must live in capital
• Murdered Confucian scholars
• “Useless” Books burned
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Autocracy
• Gov’t has unlimited power and uses it whenever they want
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Centralization
• Highways – 4,000 mi long
• Unification of everything– Writing, law, currency, weights and measures– Irrigation projects– Trade increases– Taxes increase, repressive gov’t
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Great Wall
• Work on Wall or Die
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Fall of Qin
• Shi Huangdi’s son Weaker
• Han Dynasty took over
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Confucius – born 551 BC
• Zhou – Decline
• Studied, taught hist, music, morals
• Time of Crisis and Violence
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Confucius
• 5 Basic Relationships
• Ruler and Subject
• Father and Son
• Husband and Wife
• Older Bro and Young Bro
• Friend and Friend
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Confucius - Filial Piety
• Respect for parents and ancestors
• Devote life to parents
• Honor them after death
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Confucius
• Wanted rulers to govern wisely
• Became Minister of Justice– Crime went away– Analects
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Confucius – Gov’t
• Edu is key to becoming gentlemen
• Bureaucracy – Trained civil service…many different officials
• Ethical System– Right vs. Wrong
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Daoism
• “The Way”• Of creatures, humans fail to
follow “the way”• Natural order, more
important than social order• Universal force guides all
things• Humans should live simply
and in harmony with nature
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Legalism
• Highly efficient and powerful gov’t
• Rich rewards for carrying out duties well
• Disobedient Punished
• Controlled Peoples ideas and actions
• Can’t criticize gov’t
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I Ching
• Book that helped people live happy lives
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Yin and Yang
• 2 Powers represent natural rhythms of life
• Yin-cold, dark soft, mysterious
• Yang – warm, bright, hard, clear
• Together - Harmony