UNICEF COOPERATION IN INDIA

DR.S.K. CHATURVEDIUNICEF

OVERVIEW

INDIA TODAY: Situation of Children and Women

UNICEF IN INDIA: Overview of the Government of India – UNICEF Country Programme 2003-2007

Selected key results of programme interventions

INDIA - 2001

POPULATION1027 million

CHILDREN 0-14350 million (34%)

CHILDREN 0-6158 million (15%)

Administrative Units

No. Population Range (Lowest-Highest)

States 35 60,000 – 166,000,000 Districts 593 31,000 – 9,638,000 Sub-Districts 5445 275 – 8,587,000

Source: Census, 2001

C iv il S oc iety/S tate

N atural Resource Base & Environment

Effi c ient resource use & contro lN atural /H um an / Economic /O rganization Resources

Education / Inform ation & C omm unication/ Learning / L ife skills

H ouseho ld S ecurities(eg Food,W ater,S helter)

Empow ered C omm unity &C hange fac ilitators

A ccess to quality S erv ices(H ealth, C DN , W ES )

C A R EH om e H ealth P rac tices

H om e H ygiene P rac ticesInfant and Y oung C hild Feeding

P sychosoc ial C are, & Early learningC are for G irls and W om en

W ell nourished and healthy child S ecure & A c tive Learner

Fulfi llment children to surv ive grow and develop to theiro f the R ights o f all fu ll potential w ithout disc rimination

Bas icC ondit ions

U nderly ingC ondit ions

Im mediateC ondit ions

Institutionsand G overnance

P olitical, Econom ic & S oc ialS truc tures & S ystems

H ouseho ld/C omm unity

Family

C hild

O utcom e

THE OVERALL PROGRAMME OBJECTIVES ARE TO...

Empower families & communities with appropriate knowledge & skills for the better care and protection of children.

Expand partnerships in order to promote concerted collective action for children.

Improve knowledge base on children that informs policy, supports programme formulation, improves monitoring and influences public discourse in civil society.

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

1980

1982

1984

1986

1988

1990

1992

1994

1996

1998

2000

Death

s p

er

1,0

00

liv

e b

irth

sSLOWER PROGRESS IN . . .

There was good progress in infant mortality reduction during the 1980s ...

… but progress has slowed since 1993.

… reducing infant mortality

Source: SRS

64

Target :

45 by 2007

55

REPRODUCTIVE & CHILD HEALTH: Border District Cluster Strategy

Border Cluster Districts: 50 districts; >85 million people targeted, including 13 million U5s

Udhampur

ChambaKangraGurdaspur

Hosiarpur

Rooper

Morena

Guna

Jhansi

Banda

ChitrakootPurulia

Maurbhanj

Nizamabad

Bidar

Bijapur

Vellore

Rewari Gurgoan

Dholpur

ShivpuriBaran

Jalan LalitpurTikamgarh

Hamirpur

Mahoba

W.Singhbhum E.Singhbhum

Ranchi

Bankura

MedinipurKeonjhar BalasoreNanded

Latur

Osmanabad

Adilbad

Medak

Gulbarga

Raichur

Chittoor

Thiruvellore

TeniMallapuram

Tdluki

Border Cluster Districts: 50 districts; >85 million people targeted, including 13 million U5s

•Immunization services

•Antenatal care & prevention/management of low birth weight

•Community-IMCI (IMCI India)

•Essential/Emergency Obstetric Care and PMTCT

•Targeted Vitamin A and iron supplementation

•Community based child care

REPRODUCTIVE & CHILD HEALTH: Key selected results Maintained high polio immunization coverage. There are fewer cases

of wild polio virus this year than ever before.

Steady progress in strengthening routine immunization coverage, consolidation and expansion of injection safety through procurement and supply of auto-destructible syringes.

72 health facilities now offer improved quality emergency obstetric care in targeted districts in two states.

Integration and convergence of health and nutrition services in the 50 BDCS districts.

Improved management of health services in the BDCS districts through the revitalisation of the sub-centre level of care

Blood storage units established in first referral units in targeted districts.

CHILD DEVELOPMENT & NUTRITION: Selected key results Vitamin A distribution now part of routine immunization in 14/15

UNICEF supported states, more than 50 million doses provided.

In 4 districts in one state, mothers feeding babies colostrum increased from 23 – 62% (1999- 2003); underweight among under-three’s is at 41%, compared to state-wide norm of 54%.

“Positive Deviance” project in 95 villages in West Bengal led to elimination of severe malnutrition in these villages. Project expanded to larger scale.

Important new law on infant feeding enacted.

Programmes to combat anaemia among adolescent girls supported in 11 states. In 2 states, all girls receive supplements.

CHILD’S ENVIRONMENT: Selected key results Rural water and sanitation reforms accelerated– the Total Sanitation

Campaign sanctioned for 350 districts.

In one state in just one year, 1 million household toilets installed.

20 water quality testing labs established and equipped in one state where arsenic has been found in water supply. An effective home filter for arsenic developed.

Thousands of families are now using home fluoride removal filters with very positive results in two states.

District plans for school sanitation are now being operationalized.

Drought-proofing in 15 districts in one state completed.

EDUCATION: Selected key results Organised “back-to-school campaign” at the beginning of the school year –

attained near universal enrolment in select states.

Identified 14000 schools across 14 states to demonstrate what constitutes “quality learning”:

Developed and provided gender-sensitive teaching learning materials for primary classrooms.

Child-centred and interactive teaching methods developed for single teacher schools and a core group of (25) teacher-trainers have been trained in each state.

Creation of reading corners in every classroom and provision of creative reading material short stories, rhymes, songs etc.

Improved school environment through “school sanitation and hygiene” campaign with community support.

Alternative learning opportunities created through - bridge courses, residential camps, alternative learning centres – for out-of school girls, especially those belonging to socially and economically marginal groups in 4 states.

HIV/AIDS: Selected key results More than 300 PPTCT teams from Medical Colleges in

state and districts hospitals have been trained.

Coverage of PPTCT services increased.

60% of women who access PPTCT services accept voluntary counseling and testing. 90% of those who are HIV-positive and deliver at an institution take ARV.

National guidelines for in – school prevention education have been finalized, along with supporting communication tools.

CHILD PROTECTION: Selected key results

State policies on child labor elimination were influenced by UNICEF-supported learning in action interventions in three states.

Breakthrough on policy focus on child trafficking: prevention rather than rescue.

Knowledge base on trafficking (in particular for commercial sexual exploitation of children) has been established.

In the carpet belt, efforts to eliminate child labor expanded to three districts (1.6 million people,650 villages).

Pilot projects on child labor elimination was supported in hybrid cotton seed production and migrant labor – affecting roughly 4,000 children.