Unexpected planets beyond Pluto their discovery, physical properties, and implications for solar...
-
date post
22-Dec-2015 -
Category
Documents
-
view
217 -
download
2
Transcript of Unexpected planets beyond Pluto their discovery, physical properties, and implications for solar...
![Page 1: Unexpected planets beyond Pluto their discovery, physical properties, and implications for solar system history David Rabinowitz Yale University, Center.](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032523/56649d785503460f94a5adad/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Unexpected planets beyond Pluto
their discovery, physical properties, and implications for solar system history
David Rabinowitz Yale University, Center for Astronomy and Astrophysics
Yale: Charles Baltay, Nancy Ellman, Will Emmet, Tom Hurteau, Rochelle Lauer, Suzanne Tourtellote
Indiana University: Jim Musser, Brice Adams, Mark Gebhard
Caltech: Michael E. Brown, Kristina Barkume, Henry Roe, A.H. Bouchez, R. Sari, M. van Dam, R. Campbell, J. Chin, S. Hartman, E. Johansson, R. Lafon, D. LeMignant, P. Stomski, D. Summers, P. Wizinowich
Gemini Observatory : Chad Trujillo
![Page 2: Unexpected planets beyond Pluto their discovery, physical properties, and implications for solar system history David Rabinowitz Yale University, Center.](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032523/56649d785503460f94a5adad/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Sedna
Quaoar
Orcus
Pluto (2200 km)
2003 EL61 “Santa”
2005 FY9 “Easter Bunny”
2003 UB313 “Xena”
![Page 3: Unexpected planets beyond Pluto their discovery, physical properties, and implications for solar system history David Rabinowitz Yale University, Center.](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032523/56649d785503460f94a5adad/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
-120
-80
-40
0
40
80
120
-120 -80 -40 0 40 80 120
x (AU)
y (AU)
Sedna
Xena
Santa
Bunny
Neptune
Uranus
Saturn
![Page 4: Unexpected planets beyond Pluto their discovery, physical properties, and implications for solar system history David Rabinowitz Yale University, Center.](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032523/56649d785503460f94a5adad/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
-120
-80
-40
0
40
80
120
-120 -80 -40 0 40 80 120
x (AU)
z (AU)
Sedna Xena
Santa
Bunnyecliptic plane
Neptune
Uranus
Saturn
![Page 5: Unexpected planets beyond Pluto their discovery, physical properties, and implications for solar system history David Rabinowitz Yale University, Center.](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032523/56649d785503460f94a5adad/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
NeptuneLe Verrier, Galle
1846, 9”
UranusHerschel, 1781, 6”
PlutoTombaugh,
1930, 13”
“Xena”2005, 48”
Kuiper BeltJewitt, Luu 1992, 86”
Sedna2004, 48”
![Page 6: Unexpected planets beyond Pluto their discovery, physical properties, and implications for solar system history David Rabinowitz Yale University, Center.](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032523/56649d785503460f94a5adad/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
![Page 7: Unexpected planets beyond Pluto their discovery, physical properties, and implications for solar system history David Rabinowitz Yale University, Center.](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032523/56649d785503460f94a5adad/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Beta Pictoris
![Page 8: Unexpected planets beyond Pluto their discovery, physical properties, and implications for solar system history David Rabinowitz Yale University, Center.](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032523/56649d785503460f94a5adad/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
M. Liu, Science 303, 2004
AU MicH-band imaging with Keck Adaptive Optics (0.04” seeing)
![Page 9: Unexpected planets beyond Pluto their discovery, physical properties, and implications for solar system history David Rabinowitz Yale University, Center.](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032523/56649d785503460f94a5adad/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
(0.1 earth mass)
Where did the mass go ?
![Page 10: Unexpected planets beyond Pluto their discovery, physical properties, and implications for solar system history David Rabinowitz Yale University, Center.](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032523/56649d785503460f94a5adad/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
![Page 11: Unexpected planets beyond Pluto their discovery, physical properties, and implications for solar system history David Rabinowitz Yale University, Center.](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032523/56649d785503460f94a5adad/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
Clyde Tombaugh - 1938
![Page 12: Unexpected planets beyond Pluto their discovery, physical properties, and implications for solar system history David Rabinowitz Yale University, Center.](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032523/56649d785503460f94a5adad/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
The reflectance spectrum of 2003 UB313
![Page 13: Unexpected planets beyond Pluto their discovery, physical properties, and implications for solar system history David Rabinowitz Yale University, Center.](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032523/56649d785503460f94a5adad/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Type of Surface
Albedo Diameter Pluto Diameters
Fresh snow 90% 2330 km 1.0
Pluto 60% 2860 km 1.3
Charon
(Pluto’s moon)
38% 3550 km 1.5
Most Kuiper Belt Objects
15% 5700 km 2.4
Possible Sizes for “Xena”
![Page 14: Unexpected planets beyond Pluto their discovery, physical properties, and implications for solar system history David Rabinowitz Yale University, Center.](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032523/56649d785503460f94a5adad/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
Keck discovery of Xena’s moon, “Gabrielle”
![Page 15: Unexpected planets beyond Pluto their discovery, physical properties, and implications for solar system history David Rabinowitz Yale University, Center.](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032523/56649d785503460f94a5adad/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
Easter Bunny
Charon
Rudolph
Santa
Xena
Gabrielle
Keck Laser Guide Star Observations
![Page 16: Unexpected planets beyond Pluto their discovery, physical properties, and implications for solar system history David Rabinowitz Yale University, Center.](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032523/56649d785503460f94a5adad/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Xena-Gabrielle to Earth-moon
Earth
Moon
Xena Gabrielle
Xena Gabrielle
![Page 17: Unexpected planets beyond Pluto their discovery, physical properties, and implications for solar system history David Rabinowitz Yale University, Center.](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032523/56649d785503460f94a5adad/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Santa (2003 EL61) a squashed planet
![Page 18: Unexpected planets beyond Pluto their discovery, physical properties, and implications for solar system history David Rabinowitz Yale University, Center.](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032523/56649d785503460f94a5adad/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
Satellite Discovered around 2003 EL61 (“Santa”)
“Santa”
“Rudolph”
![Page 19: Unexpected planets beyond Pluto their discovery, physical properties, and implications for solar system history David Rabinowitz Yale University, Center.](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032523/56649d785503460f94a5adad/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
Radius: 49,000 kmPeriod: 49 days
Rudolph’s orbit
v2/r = MG/r2
M = 4.21x1021 kg