Understanding Substance Abuse Disorder, Brain Stuff, and ...€¦ · Understanding Substance Abuse...
Transcript of Understanding Substance Abuse Disorder, Brain Stuff, and ...€¦ · Understanding Substance Abuse...
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Understanding Substance Abuse Disorder, Brain Stuff, and Some Options for Change Timothy S. Trail, Director Substance Abuse Resource Center University of North Texas
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How is the brain
actually organized?
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What’s going on in there???
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Can brain structure change?
Try HARDER!!
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3 roads toward addiction/abuse
1. Born addicted
2. Work into addiction
3. Genetic disposition
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Abuse Predictors in People
Here are the typical personality traits of those more susceptible to drug/alcohol addiction
Impulsivity/ Under Controlled Sensation Seekers Family of origin Coping skills Genetics/Epigenetics (how drug is experienced)
Assumptions about self & others (the filters of all perception)
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What are the mechanisms of addiction?
• Genetics (as mentioned before)
• Tolerance (forcing the genetic factor)
• Tissue Dependency (what it looks like)
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ADDICTIVE MECHANISMS • Tissue Dependence: adaptation of body to constant
presence of certain drugs
• The tissues and organs of the body come to depend on the drug to in stay balance
• Desensitization occurs and new levels of brain/body function come to be the norm
• Sudden changes create painful withdrawal
– Alcoholic needs a drink to ward off the shakes
– Heroin addict needs a fix to stop body aches, convulsions
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Let’s get into the brain
Pre-Frontal Cortex
Four major parts of the brain and the sequence they are effected
Limbic System
Autonomic Nervous System
Motor Cortex
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Pre-Frontal Cortex
Logic Decision Making Memory support Happiness & Inhibiting the Limbic system
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Motor Cortex
Balance Motor Skills
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Limbic System Fight Flight Freeze Pleasure Emotional Memory Rage Sex Stress Fear Anxiety
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Autonomic Nervous System
Heart rate Blood pressure Blood flow Core temperature Hunger Digestion
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How does it all work together?
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That was so close…
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Two basic pathways to structural change
1.Reward system hijacking
2.Changing the power differential
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Pathway #1 Hijacking the reward system
Ask yourself a question: What could be better than a great desert… or a steamy evening with your significant other???
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The reward system is all about pleasure. If the drug makes the level of pleasure experienced unbelievable Then you’ve just been hijacked
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Pathway #2 changing the power differential
Pre-frontal Cortex
Drug of choice
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Limbic System
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The Pre-frontal Cortex is no longer strong enough to stop the Limbic System from doing what ever it feels is right.
Pre-frontal Cortex
Limbic System
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Here’s where it all comes together.
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Pre-Frontal Cortex
Limbic System
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Limbic System
NO ANSWER?!!? IT’S A SNAKE IT’S A SNAKE
ALL SYSTEMS:
ATTACK, DEFEND, OR RUN FOR IT!!!
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LOW PRE-FRONTAL ACTIVITY
• Happy • Sad • Mad • Violent Or • I love you sooo much,
you’re the best friend in the world and I would do anything for you because you are so awesome and wonderful and I love you so much because you are so nice to me and I like you so much.
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OPTIONS WHAT WORKS & HOW THEY WORK
1.From the outside
2.within
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Outside In
• Treatment Centers
• AA, NA, and other groups
• Face to face
• Medication
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From within
• Meditation
• Self-talk
• Self-compassion
• The drastic move
• Neurofeedback
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Enso Counseling Integrative Counseling, testing, and training
Timothy S. Trail 817.225.8999
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