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Understanding Society: the UK Household Longitudinal Study
www.understandingsociety.org.uk/
Professor Vernon Gayle ISER, Essex University
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Background
• Understanding Society is a longitudinal study based on a household panel design
• Basic design similar to that of British Household Panel Survey, which it will replace
• Target sample size of 40,000 households – largest HPS
• Main fieldwork due to started in January 2009
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Developments
• ESRC secured funding for Understanding Society from Large Science Facilities fund (normally for physical science infrastructure), Spring 2006
• November 2006 – March 2007, commissioning of principal investigator team
• From April 2007, PI team starts work with consultation and commission survey organisation
• September 2007, NatCen selected to deliver the survey.
• January 2008, ‘Innovation panel’ survey of 1500 households starts
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Household panel study design• Start with a sample of addresses, all members of private households found
will be sample members
• At each wave all sample members above a threshold age eligible for interview
• Other individuals who form households with sample members after wave 1 eligible for interview
• A longitudinal sample of individuals representing the whole population, and interviewed within a household context
• Individuals followed as they move and form new households
• Following rules mean that the study remains representative of the population as it changes, subject to weighting and except for new immigrants to the UK
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Key features of Understanding Society• Large sample size proposed
• Representative sample of whole population (all ages)
• Multi-purpose multi-topic design to meet a wide range of disciplinary and inter-disciplinary research needs
• Ethnic minority research
• Research linking social and biomedical sciences
• Innovation in data collection methods
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Managing innovation in a longitudinal study• Timetable does not permit long lead-in to develop new method and
new content
• Starting in an appropriately conservative manner to ensure that the study is properly established
• But ensure that there is scope for significant innovation as the study develops
• Understanding Society is intended as study over several decades: new research issues and new research methods are unpredictable
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Understanding Society sample consists of:• A new equal probability main panel achieved sample of around 27,000
households. The fieldwork for this sample will commence in January 2009
• A boost ethnic minority sample, focussed on five main ethnic minority groups, comprising 4,000 households
• The BHPS sample of approximately 8,400 households. BHPS sample data collection as part of the Understanding Society will start with wave 2 in October 2009
• An Innovation Panel of 1500 households to enable methodological research. The fieldwork for the Innovation Panel will commence in January 2008.
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Role of the Innovation Panel
• 1,500 household panel, taking place one year ahead of main stage
• Role is to allow experimentation and methodological development
• For first 2 waves used to explore mixed mode strategy and impacts on attrition / question response
• Later for new data collection methods and innovative content, e.g. web, diaries, biomarkers and health measurement, etc
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Data collection plan
• 12 month intervals between interviews
• Continuous fieldwork over 24 month field period, with second wave overlapping with first
• Face-to-face interview at wave 1; mixed mode at wave 2, 20%+ face to face only
• Individual interview not more than 30 minutes interview administered, plus self completion and consents to link data
• Some data collection by self completion from children aged 10-15 from wave 1
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Wave 1 content
• Annual repeating measures
• Initial conditions and life history, asked once only
• Rotating and intermittent measures first introduced at wave 1
• Young persons questionnaire for sample members aged 10-15
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Long term content plans
• Annual content – carried forward from wave 1 (< 50% of content)
• New annual content – event histories over past year, follow-up questions from event or change of status, age specific modules
• Relatively stable characteristics measured occasionally
• Other intermittent modules repeated every 2/3 years
• Scope for including emerging issues
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BHPS and Understanding Society
• At wave 2 of Understanding Society (wave 19 of BHPS), the BHPS sample will become part of Understanding Society
• Expected that BHPS will use new questionnaire from that point (with very limited modification to preserve some measurement continuity)
• Development process recognised importance of comparability with BHPS – so likely to be significant use of BHPS questions in Understanding Society
• But, likely that a high proportion of BHPS questions will not be included, or will be asked less frequently
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Opportunities
• Starting again, compared with BHPS, an opportunity to review activities and see which are worthwhile to continue, which not
• Focus on new research issues
• Opportunities for mixed methods:Data linkage – administrative, organisation, spatialBio-markers and health indicatorsQualitative dataOther non-standard data: diaries, visual, audio
• Use of different modesE.g. web to collect data with higher frequencyExperiment with new technology as it is introduced
• Overall aim: to build a robust survey structure within which can experiment and innovate while minimising risk
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Importance of the large sample size• 40,000 households gives an opportunity to explore issues where
other longitudinal surveys are too small
• Small subgroups, such as teenage parents or disabled people
•
• Analysis at regional and sub-regional levels, allowing examination of the effects of geographical variation
• Large sample size allows high-resolution analysis of events in time, for example focussing on single-year age cohorts
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Full age range
• The Understanding Society sample includes full age range at any point in time – so complements age-focused studies sampling elderly people (e.g. ELSA) or young people (e.g. birth cohort studies)
• Provide a unique look at behaviours and transitions in mid-life – e.g. for issues of pensions and long-term care, associated with old age, policy setting is influenced by earlier behaviour
• Large sample size means that all cohorts can be analysed at a common point in time
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Ethnic minority research
• Ethnicity strand includes:
Boost sample for five key groups (Indian, Pakistani, Bangladeshi, Carribean, Black African)
Questions focused on ethnicity issues
• Raises sampling and translation issues
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Biomedical research
• Understanding Society will support collection of a wide range of biomarkers and health indicators
• Opportunity to assess exposure and antecedent factors of health status, understanding disease mechanisms (e.g. gene-environment interaction, gene-to-function links), household and socioeconomic effects and analysis of outcomes using direct assessments or data linkage
• Challenges:
Consents Mode of collectionProcessing, storage, access issuesDifferent approaches in social and biomedical sciences
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www.understandingsociety.org.uk/