Understanding, measuring, managing Changes within the Architectural Profession Hannu Penttilä HUT...
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Transcript of Understanding, measuring, managing Changes within the Architectural Profession Hannu Penttilä HUT...
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understanding, measuring, managingunderstanding, measuring, managingChanges within Changes within the Architectural Professionthe Architectural Profession
Hannu PenttiläHUT architecturehttp://www.mittaviiva.fi/hannu
The Effects of ICT on Architectural Practice
Roadmap & Future Directions for Modern Architectural Discipline
understanding, measuring, managingunderstanding, measuring, managingChanges within Changes within the Architectural Professionthe Architectural Profession
The Effects of ICT on Architectural The Effects of ICT on Architectural PracticePractice
are the research questions relevant ?are the research questions relevant ?is the target achievable ?is the target achievable ?is the focus well defined ?is the focus well defined ?are scientific methods proper ?are scientific methods proper ?
http://www.mittaviiva.fi/hannuhttp://www.mittaviiva.fi/hannu
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understanding, measuring, managing understanding, measuring, managing Changes within Changes within the Architectural Professionthe Architectural Profession
2006 2007 2008 2009
frameworkof thechanges
validationanalysisconclusions
interviewscase studies
1. publish1. publish
theorytheorymethodsmethods
2. publish2. publish
casescases3. publish3. publish
changechangeframeworkframework
4. publish4. publish
validationvalidationconclusionsconclusions
methodstheoryliterature
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introductionintroduction
Research contextResearch context
Participant [process oriented] view to AEC-field• essential co-players within contemporary construction• communication environment
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introductionintroduction
Research contextResearch contextInternal communication environmentInternal communication environment
Discipline internal needs• how to manage architectural information• how to manage design changes • how to maintain design freedom & richness
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Construction process and participant needs• what are the [data, communication] needs related to architects• how to supply proper architectural data in correct form
introductionintroduction
External communication environmentExternal communication environment
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tarvitaan elokuvan katselemiseen.Architectural Profession in ChangeArchitectural Profession in Change Literature Review Literature Review 1...3/20061...3/2006
architectural designarchitectural designcreativitycreativitydesign theorydesign theorydesign educationdesign educationdesign representationdesign representationdesign methodsdesign methodsuser requirementsuser requirementscollaborative designcollaborative designvirtual design studios VDSvirtual design studios VDS
architectural practicesocial contextdesign managementtask listsagreementscommunication, co-operation
organizationalsciencescommunicationcollaborationleading changesimpact analysisorganization strategy organization changedesign management
AEC-field ICTproject managementclassificationbuilding codesproduct modelling, BIMactivity modellingautomated manufacturing, CNC
digitalization, ICTdigitalization, ICTtools & interfacestools & interfacesdocument managementdocument managementdatabases databases data exchangedata exchangestandards, DWG, IFCstandards, DWG, IFCdata integrationdata integrationdata modellingdata modellingtechnology assessmenttechnology assessmentIT-strategiesIT-strategies
architectural ICTCAD, CAAD2D, 3D, 4D 3D-modelling visualization, VR, ARknowledge management
economical aspecteconomical aspectcosts, expenses, value..costs, expenses, value..
futures studiesfutures studiesassessmentassessmentfuture paths & threatsfuture paths & threatsmethodsmethods
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tarvitaan elokuvan katselemiseen.Architectural Profession in ChangeArchitectural Profession in Change Literature Review Literature Review 1...3/20061...3/2006
architectural designarchitectural designcreativitycreativitydesign theorydesign theorydesign educationdesign educationdesign representationdesign representationdesign methodsdesign methodsuser requirementsuser requirementscollaborative designcollaborative designvirtual design studios VDSvirtual design studios VDS
architectural practicesocial contextdesign managementtask listsagreementscommunication, co-operation
organizationalsciencescommunicationcollaborationleading changesimpact analysisorganization strategy organization changedesign management
AEC-field ICTproject managementclassificationbuilding codesproduct modelling, BIMactivity modellingautomated manufacturing, CNC
digitalization, ICTdigitalization, ICTtools & interfacestools & interfacesdocument managementdocument managementdatabases databases data exchangedata exchangestandards, DWG, IFCstandards, DWG, IFCdata integrationdata integrationdata modellingdata modellingtechnology assessmenttechnology assessmentIT-strategiesIT-strategies
architectural ICTCAD, CAAD2D, 3D, 4D 3D-modelling visualization, VR, ARknowledge management
economical aspecteconomical aspectcosts, expenses, value..costs, expenses, value..
futures studiesfutures studiesassessmentassessmentfuture paths & threatsfuture paths & threatsmethodsmethods
introintro Volume & Trend StudiesVolume & Trend Studies
Number of Finnish architects
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
1890 1900 1910 1920 1930 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990
architect as a master designerarchitect as a master designer
western modernismwestern modernismpost-modernpost-modernpluralismpluralism
profession guildsprofession guilds
modern organizations,modern organizations,teamsteams
functionalism functionalism
globalizationglobalization
digitalizationdigitalization
art nouveau art nouveau
communicationcommunication
neo-neo-classicismclassicism
rural societyrural society
urban, industrial societyurban, industrial societypost-industrialpost-industrialinformation societyinformation society
2D CAD2D CAD
3D, visualization3D, visualization
data, BIMdata, BIM
document mgmtdocument mgmt
virtualvirtualorganizationsorganizations
number of architectsnumber of architectsnumber of studentsnumber of studentsproject volumeproject volumeAEC-field’s share of economyAEC-field’s share of economyrelative salariesrelative salaries
Architectural Profession in ChangeArchitectural Profession in Change Case Studies & Delphi-interviewsCase Studies & Delphi-interviews
200020001990199019801980197019701960196019501950 20102010
2D CAD2D CAD
oil oil crisiscrisis
FinnishFinnisheconomicaleconomicalcrisiscrisis
3D CAD3D CAD
IIlastlastmastersmastersofofmodernismmodernism
IIIIlastlastdaysdaysof trad.of trad.drawingdrawing
IIIIIIearlyearlyCADCAD2D2Ddrawingdrawing
post-warpost-warreconst-reconst-ructionruction
urbanurbangrowthgrowth
web & web & communicationcommunication
IVIVpervasivepervasiveintegratedintegratedcollaborativecollaborativedesigndesign
Finnish architectFinnish architecttaxa removedtaxa removed
HypotheticalHypothetical Relative use of time & resourcesRelative use of time & resources
2000200019901990198019801970197019601960 20102010
economyeconomy
organizing & managementorganizing & management
authoritiesauthorities
””architectural design”architectural design”””drawing” drawing” working with design contentworking with design contentproducing design proposalsproducing design proposals
co-operationco-operationcommunicationcommunication
CADCADICTICT
teamworkteamwork
100 %100 %
0 %0 %
Focusing & planning the workbuilding theory on practicebuilding theory on practicedefining the essential steps in researchdefining the essential steps in research
observed problem[s]theoretical limitations [point of departure][measurable & testable] research questionsresearch tasksresearch results[intellectual] contributions to knowledgepractical significance
Schema by Martin Fischer / Stanford CIFESchema by Martin Fischer / Stanford CIFE
Focusing & planning the work
observed problemobserved problem[s][s]architectural working environment has architectural working environment has
changedchangedarchitects rolearchitects role[s][s] in construction process in construction process
have changedhave changed
theoretical limitations theoretical limitations [point of departure][point of departure] focus on architects’ working environmentfocus on architects’ working environment exclude wide AEC-field coverexclude wide AEC-field cover exclude design contentexclude design content
[measurable & testable][measurable & testable] research questions research questions what is the contemporary architectural what is the contemporary architectural
working environment likeworking environment like find ICT-based changesfind ICT-based changes
research tasksliterature & case studiesdelphi-questionnaires [professional & expert reviews]
describe & measure changesresearch results
portrait of contemporary architectural profession
description of new & changed activities
Focusing & planning the work
Focusing & planning the work
[intellectual] contributions to knowledge modern design practice overview modern design practice overview described change pattern described change pattern (based on cases, (based on cases,
interviews & barometers)interviews & barometers)
practical significance adjusting architects’ activities & work adjusting architects’ activities & work
to contemporary process requirementsto contemporary process requirements applicable research resultsapplicable research results
observed problemobserved problem[s][s] architectural working environment has changedarchitectural working environment has changed architects role has changedarchitects role has changed
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Focusing the researchFocusing the researchChanges within Changes within the Architectural Professionthe Architectural ProfessionThe Effects of ICT on Architectural PracticeThe Effects of ICT on Architectural Practice
include exclude & limit architect AEC-field building design urban planning design process actions design theory practice environment[s] hypothetical politics change description wishes, hopes,
aspirations true proved facts loose expectations
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Focusing problemFocusing problemChanges within Changes within the Architectural Professionthe Architectural ProfessionThe Effects of ICT on Architectural PracticeThe Effects of ICT on Architectural Practice
[the whole AEC-discipline as a] research topic is too wide
too many new fields to be covered change management organizational sciences, design management economy etc...
not just ICT but also several other [important] contexts professional political interests
low result expectations
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tarvitaan elokuvan katselemiseen.Changing Architectural ProfessionChanging Architectural Profession Research ObjectivesResearch Objectives
to form a theoretical framework for ICT-based changes
to test the framework to make the research results
applicable in practice
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the nature of changesthe nature of changes
change evolution .. process .. [intended] action Aristotles
change of what ? new things appeared some things disappeared some things are different
managing the change [proactively]
not just following the change [react]
change effects viewer dependable reflect other changed disciplines